Reportes, informes y documentos de trabajo
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Browsing Reportes, informes y documentos de trabajo by Subject "08 Decent work and economic growth"
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- ItemImpacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en la precariedad laboral y en la percepción de los trabajadores sobre sus condiciones de empleo(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2023) Señoret Swinburn, Andrés; Rehner, Johannes; Rodríguez Leiva, Sebastián; Fuentes Arce, Luis; CEDEUS (Chile)Frente a un contexto de persistente precariedad laboral, la pandemia del COVID-19 tuvo impactos devastadores en el mercado del trabajo en el país. Con un desempleo que impactó no solo a los trabajadores más informales y precarios, sino que también, tuvo impactos negativos en la percepción de los trabajadores sobre sus condiciones de empleo.
- ItemMonetary news, U.S. interest rate and business cycles in emerging economies(2016) Vicondoa Ramos, Alejandro MartínThis paper identifies anticipated (news) and unanticipated (surprise) shocks to the U.S. Fed Funds rate using CBOT Fed Funds Future Market and assesses their propagation to emerging economies. Anticipated movements account for 80% of quarterly Fed Funds fluctuations and explain a significant fraction of the narrative monetary policy shocks. An expected 1% increase in the reference interest rate induces a fall of 2% in GDP of emerging economies two quarters before the shock materializes. Unanticipated contractionary shocks also cause a recession. Both shocks have a larger impact in emerging relative to developed economies and the financial channel is the most relevant for their transmission. Anticipation is also relevant to understand the transmission of U.S. real interest rate shocks.
- ItemPowering Up productivity: the effects of electrification on U.S. manufacturingFiszbein, Martin ; Lafortune, Jeanne; Lewis, Ethan G.; Tessada, JoséWe use 1890-1940 sector-county level data to identify the impact of electricity on manufacturing industries, exploiting pre-electrification variation in energy intensity across industries combined with variation across locations in proximity to early hydroelectric power plants. We find that labor productivity gains from electricity were rapid and long-lasting, in contrast with established narratives. Electrification was quickly accompanied by capital deepening and organizational changes that may have contributed to these gains. Impacts varied with market structure: productivity increased without expanding employment in sector-county cells with large initial firm size, while, in contrast, both output and employment increased in cells with small initial firm size.
- ItemPymes y vulnerabilidad laboral: la falsa promesa del “país de emprendedores”(2024) Johannes, Rehner; Señoret Swinburn, Andrés; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemTrabajo post-pandemia: evitar desempleo estructural(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2021) Rehnes, Johannes; Ramírez, María Inés; Señoret Swinburn, Andrés; CEDEUS (Chile)La pandemia por Covid 19 ha implicado una recesión con fuertes impactos sociales, generando un alto desempleo entre los/las trabajadores/ as con menor calificación y develando la gran precariedad laboral que muchas personas vivieron por años. Con la vacuna surgió la esperanza de una mejora cercana, pero es peligroso confiar en una recuperación espontánea del mercado laboral, solo basado en el consumo y la inversión. Se necesita una política social que reduzca la precariedad existente y posibilite una transición del mercado laboral hacia nuevos sectores productivos.
