3.03 Tesis doctorado

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Browsing 3.03 Tesis doctorado by Subject "03 Good health and well-being"

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    Adolescent Life Satisfaction and Its Relationship with Triadic Family Interactions and Mental Health
    (2022) Álvarez Kozubová, Karla; Olhaberry Huber, Marcia; Širová, Eva; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    Adolescents experience changes, discomfort and increased risk of psychopathology (Vicente et al., 2012), whose approach has been insufficient from the perspective focused on vulnerability/risk. The multidimensional perspective of health that considers protective and opportunity factors of development (Steinberg, 2014) becomes important. Subjective well-being (SWB) has been positioned as a multidimensional health assessment (Suldo & Shaffer, 2008), and the life satisfaction construct (LS) (Diener et al., 1985) as the most stable measure of SWB in constituting the overall judgment of the adolescents regarding their lives and the achievement of their aspirations, values and interests influenced by culture (Eid & Diener, 2004; Maddux, 2018; Seligman, 2011) in addition to their discomfort or symptoms. Objectives: to assess the relationship between life satisfaction, quality of triadic interactions (QIT) and mental health (MH) characteristics (risk and protection) in two groups of Chilean adolescents. Method: casecontrol study (Case: 30 triads with adolescent receiving care in mental health and Control: 15 triads with adolescent not receiving), non-experimental, cross-sectional with correlational analysis. Measurement with self-report and observational methodology was used (Satisfaction with Life Scale Adapted for Children, Family APGAR, Parenting Alliance Inventory, Relationship Assessment Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory, KIDSCREEN-52, Survey of Variables Associated with Life Satisfaction and Lausanne Trilogue Play). Results: in the case group, adolescents self-reported significantly lower LS and lower perception of protective mental health factors, higher levels of internalizing and externalizing problems, and on average, each adolescent reported more expressed concerns, clinical syndromes and personality prototypes. The QTI, triad structure and dynamics, and co-parenting observed were significantly lower. Meanwhile, triad involvement and adolescent 14 engagement was similar in both groups. Self-reported co-parenting was significantly different between mothers and fathers in each case triad, and mothers were less satisfied in the co-parenting and couple relationship domain than controls. The relationship between adolescent APGAR and that of their respective father figure was inverse in both groups. Case group adolescent LS correlated negatively with emotional and peer problems and in both groups with depressive affect and personality traits in the pain and dependency polarities. Meanwhile, in both groups, the association between LS, adolescent APGAR and protective factors such as physical and psychological well-being, family, school and peer relationships, etc. was positive. In the case group, LS correlated positively with the ability of the triad to co-construct and focus on a task (LTP). The group variable contributed 9.8% of the variance of LS, and the multivariate model implemented with adolescent, father, mother and group APGARs, 52%, without maternal perception being significant. Discussion: evaluating LS, from a context of triadic interactions, with observational LTP methodology in middle adolescence and case-control design, places this study as a pioneer. It is suggested to replicate the study, correcting its limitations, mainly the sample size. In addition, the results on the inverse relationship between paternal perception of the family, co-parenting and couple and adolescent LS should be considered. All of the above will make it possible to strengthen the conclusions and guide prevention and intervention strategies, reinforcing co-parenting in families with adolescent children.
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    Parental personality traits and emotion regulation difficulties: their relationship with early triadic interactions and infant’s socioemotional development
    (2024) Muzard Costa, Antonia María; Olhaberry Huber, Marcia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    Background: socioemotional development is a pivotal aspect of human life, particularly during infancy, and is intricately woven within the personal and interpersonal dynamics of caregiver- infant interactions. This longitudinal study represents a pioneering exploration into the associations between mothers’ and fathers’ personality traits, emotion regulation difficulties, triadic interactions, and infants’ socioemotional development during the perinatal period. Objective: The primary objective was to investigate the complex interplay between parental personality traits and emotion regulation difficulties in mother-father-baby triads with its impact on early triadic interactions and infants’ socioemotional development. Methods: In this non-experimental, longitudinal study, 55 Chilean mother-father-baby triads were assessed from pregnancy until infant’s sixth month after birth. Additionally, parental levels of personality functioning, relationship satisfaction, depressive symptomatology and childhood adverse experiences were considered as potential covariables. Results: Findings revealed that maternal and paternal attributes have particular predictive values and exert distinct influences on both triadic interactions as well as infant’s socioemotional development from pregnancy until infants’ 6-months postpartum. Notably, maternal emotionality and paternal agreeableness, as well as both significant caregiver’s emotion regulation difficulties emerged as significant factors when fostering collaborative triadic interactions and enhancing infant’s socioemotional development. Additionally, when cofounding variables were included, maternal depressive symptomatology emerged as a significant predictor of infant’s socioemotional difficulties at 6-months postpartum. Moreover, the study highlights the moderating role of triadic interactions, emphasizing their significance in influencing the relationship between maternal emotion regulation difficulties and infant’s socioemotional development. Discussion: This research stresses the need for a comprehensive longitudinal perspective in understanding the impact of significant caregivers’ characteristics upon early triadic interactions and infant’s socioemotional development. Therefore, it acknowledges the unique dynamics of the perinatal period, while considering the individualities within each family triad which is crucial for unraveling the complexities inherent in the intricate fabric of family relationships and infant’s socioemotional development.