Capítulos de libros

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Browsing Capítulos de libros by browse.metadata.fuente "SCOPUS"

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    Argumentations and Logic
    (Birkhäuser, 2024) Correia, Manuel
    This paper comments on John Corcoran’s “Argumentations and Logic,” in which his author proposes that logic is the study of argumentations. Since this view challenges the traditional hylomorphic interpretation of logic as the study of formal arguments, which he identifies to Quine’s definition as the systematic studies of tautologies, and it makes difficult to distinguish logic from the contemporary theory of argumentation, I have opened a third alternative proposing to distinguish argument from argumentation through a renewal of the ancient quinquepartite doctrine saying that any logical argument contains the minimal parts for being conclusive, while any argumentation also contains the proof that make either credible or valid the premises of an argument.
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    Experimental Analysis of Helix Aspersa Shell as Cementitious Material
    (Springer, 2024) Campos-Cortes, María José; Brescia-Norambuena, Leonardo; Retamoso, Claudia; Escalona Burgos, Néstor Guillermo
    The high environmental impact of the cement industry demands the study of new cementitious materials. Often supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash or silica fume are used; however, the depletion of raw materials encourages the assessment of new sources. Due to the high calcium content of snail shells, this research explored the use of crushed powder of Helix Aspersa to replace cement, evaluating its use at different percentages of replacement in weight (0, 5, and 10%), calcination temperature (0, 450, and 900 °C) and water-cementitious materials ratios (0.35, 0.40, and 0.45). The results included analysing setting time, compressive and flexural strength, water absorption, and shrinkage. Results indicated that snail shells (i) create an expansion during the first days (~15%), reaching similar values at 28 days, (ii) decrease the water absorption at calcination temperatures ≥450 °C, and (iii) slightly reduce the flexural strength (~16% in average) and compressive strength (~10% in average). As the main decrement of the responses is at a low w/cm ratio, it is expected that calcined snail shells offer the opportunity to save cement and pollution from the construction industry.
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    Playability, Democracy and Design: Design Experience of Popular Educational Materials on the Chilean Constitution Proposal
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Manriquez Hörmann, Magdalena; Balbontín, Francisca; Grant, Pilar; Mena, Laura; Saavedra, Pilar; Balmaceda, Christian Sebastián; Almarza, Osvaldo; Álvarez Martín, Francisco; Avilés, María Cristina; Saavedra Díaz, Rosa; Vicuña, Magdalena; Giorgi, Emanuele
    © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.In the currentDemocracy context of ChileChile, markedDesign by unprecedented democratic processes and two failed attempts to draft a new constitution, active reflection on the participation of all sectors becomes fundamental. The persistent inequalityInequality in ChileChile significantly impacts civic participation, leaving behind adults from popular sectors. Given the crucial importance of their participation for democratic strengthening, the question arises about the role of designDesign in creating spacesSpace that enable shared power and democratic reflection. This article delves into the designDesign and implementation experience of educational materials intended for reflection on the Chilean constitutional proposal in 2022. A set of four gamesGameplay, developed iteratively by an interdisciplinaryInterdisciplinary team composed of designers, psychologists and popular educators, aimed to bring adults from popular sectors closer to dialogue and citizen participation to promote associativity and social transformation. The analysis focuses on three key aspects. First, it addresses the definition of the designDesign principles necessary to face a challenge of this magnitude. Second, it explores the designDesign of the mechanics and the contents of the games, highlighting the importance of collaborative workshops and careful methodological and formal approaches. Finally, it concludes with reflections on designDesign as a discipline of democratic reach and its function in learning processes, especially in reaching the most excluded sectors, from a perspective of liberation. This work contributes to the understanding of how designDesign can be an effective tool for the civic involvement of marginalized sectors in democratic processes, underlining the importance of addressing exclusion from an integral and participatory perspective.
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    Political communication mediated by digital media: misinformation and its impact on politics in Chile
    (Taylor and Francis, 2024) Rosenberg Benadretti, Andrés Alejandro; Porath Campos, William Alejandro
    Over the past few decades, social network sites (SNS) have revolutionized not only how citizens communicate with each other, but also how they are informed of national affairs, and even how they engage with their representatives. Accordingly, the scholarship on political communication has flourished. Chile is no exception. Research on political communication in Chile has seen important growth, with many issues being studied. However, there is agreement that mis/disinformation research holds an important place, since the consequences of uninformed citizenship are severe and evident. This chapter goes through some of the most relevant research on political communication in Chile, with a special interest in mis/disinformation studies and initiatives. Other political-related issues such as gender studies are incorporated, and guidelines for future research are discussed.
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    Political participation and technology: Continuities and discontinuities in the Southern Cone and Brazil
    (Taylor and Francis, 2024) Barbosa Dos Santos, Marcelo Luis; Valenzuela Leighton, Sebastián Andrés
    This chapter investigates the relationships between technology and political participation in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay-four neighboring countries in the southern part of the Americas. While Uruguay and Chile boast more digitized societies, Brazil and Argentina’s size and geopolitical influence create distinct technological landscapes. The adoption and cultural components of technological innovation are influenced by economic, political, and media systems, resulting in customized political outcomes. Digital technologies, such as mobile communication and social media, intervene in processes of political participation, polarization, social unrest, and other phenomena through algorithmic biases and trend detection mechanisms. Examining various forms of technologically mediated political participation, including computational propaganda, misinformation, digital activism, and digital surveillance, this chapter explores continuities and discontinuities that define the digital political ecosystems in these countries.
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    Regulation and Protection of Urban Wetlands: A Comparative Analysis in Chile, Colombia, and Peru
    (Springer, 2024) Moschella, Paola; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Aldana-Domínguez, Juanita; Stamm, Caroline Andre; Velásquez, Carlos Javier; Capera, Ingrid
    Latin American countries have a set of legal instruments and public policies that contribute to the protection of urban wetlands against the pressure of city expansion that threatens their extent and quality. With the aim of discussing the role of public policies and regulations in the protection of urban wetlands, the situation in Chile, Colombia, and Peru is analyzed in a comparative manner. These countries are examples of diverse regulations and wetland biodiversity in urban environments. Legal instruments for environmental protection and conservation, spatial planning, and urban planning relevant to the management of urban wetlands are analyzed. In addition, advances in regulation and protection of urban wetlands are evaluated and contrasted based on national-level indicators. The lack of effective protection measures is demonstrated. The three countries have adhered to the Ramsar Convention to protect their wetlands and have established Ramsar sites; however, their existence does not stop the pressures and threats to the wetlands. It is identified that Peru has a larger surface area of Ramsar sites and that Colombia has the most extensive Ramsar urban wetland. It is highlighted that Chile has a recent urban wetlands law, while in Colombia and Peru the category of urban wetland does not exist in legislation. Meanwhile, in the protected natural areas, urban wetlands practically have no presence. Among the main weaknesses are the disarticulation between sectors and planning scales; in addition to outdated planning instruments regarding current challenges such as climate change, the water crisis, and the loss of biodiversity.