CEDEUS

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https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/86979

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Browsing CEDEUS by browse.metadata.categoria "Historia y geografía"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    ‘Oro verde’: La invención del paisaje forestal en Wallmapu/Araucanía, sur de Chile
    (Asociacion Española de Geografía, 2021) Escalona Ulloa, Miguel; Barton, Jonathan R.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Desde su incorporación a la República de Chile, Wallmapu/Araucanía ha sido objeto de importantes transformaciones territoriales. Una vez usurpada la tierra al pueblo mapuche, llegó el momento de explotar los fértiles valles e inexpugnables bosques para dar inicio al cultivo de trigo y su explotación que duró hasta inicios del siglo XX. Este trabajo busca indagar en la ‘invención’ del paisaje forestal del ‘Oro Verde’ en este territorio, utilizando para ello el enfoque de la ecología política histórica y el marco de ‘paisajes de poder’ en particular. A partir del análisis e interpretación de fuentes históricas, incluyendo cartografía, fotografía y textos, se (re)construye la trayectoria de este paisaje, haciendo énfasis en el rol de la ciencia, la promulgación de leyes, la creación de instituciones y la influencia de instituciones internacionales, quienes durante gran parte del siglo XX allanaron el camino para la llegada de grandes empresas, quienes bajo la dictadura iniciaron un ‘boom’ forestal sin precedentes. Las conclusiones apuntan a la importancia de transitar desde el concepto neutro de vocación territorial hacia la invención del paisaje como una construcción social basada en relaciones de poder que llevan a la dominación y la exclusión
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    Paisajes en Movimiento: Sentidos de Lugar y Prácticas Interculturales en las Ciudades de la Región de La Arauncanía, Chile
    (2017) Salazar Preece, Gonzalo; Fonck, M.; Irarrazaval, F.; CEDEUS (Chile)
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    The historical geography of an idea: Sustainable development in Latin America, 1972–2022
    (Elsevier, 2024) Álvarez Véliz, Rodrigo Ignacio; Barton, Jonathan R.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    This article traces the genealogy of the idea of sustainable development in Latin America. It links perspectives from historical political ecology and the history of ideas to trace authors, conferences and major works that produced and disseminated socio-ecological knowledge relating to sustainable development in the region. Challenging the pretensions of ‘universality’ of this concept, the article presents the formulations of alternative development created by Latin American theorists that were influenced by the socio-political and socio-economic ideas prevalent in the region prior to the Brundtland report, and which established strong ties to issues of justice and rights. The North-South flow of ideas is palpable, however, there was also a South-North flow that enriched and challenged ideas such as the limits to growth through the Latin American World Model and the concept of ‘ecodevelopment’. This allowed for a Latin American construction of sustainable development that was different from other regions, and which eventually led to new formulations such as post-development, buen vivir and neo-extractivism. The article concludes that there were key moments, themes and contexts that led to a particular emphasis on socio-ecological justice that contrasts with ecological modernisation and environmental responsibility conceptual formulations that emerged more strongly in other regions.
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    Understanding inland fog and dew dynamics for assessing potential non-rainfall water use in the Atacama
    (2024) Lobos Roco, Felipe Andrés; Suárez Poch, Francisco Ignacio; Aguirre Correa, Francisca; Keim, K.; Aguirre, I.; Vargas Vásquez, Constanza; Abarca, F.; Ramírez Reyes, Carla; Escobar Moragas, Rodrigo; Osses, Pablo; Río López, Camilo del; CEDEUS (Chile)
    In (semi-)arid regions, harvesting fog and dew can become a complementary solution to traditional water supply. In the Atacama region, a territory of key and water-dependent economic activities, both fog and dew are driven by the advection of marine moisture from the Pacific. Still, little is described regarding the dynamics and water potential of these events. In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal variability of fog and dew in the Atacama Desert to assess the potential of non-rainfall atmospheric water harvesting. Our research strategy combines three methods to achieve a comprehensive understanding of these phenomena: a satellite-spatial analysis of fog and low cloud frequencies; a thermodynamic characterization of the fog cloud vertical structure; and an observational analysis of fog and dew water collection. Our findings reveal that fog is a regular phenomenon in the area, occurring from 3% to 20% of the year. We estimate that fog cloud reaches 50 km inland and up to ∼1100 m ASL, covering a vast territory where it can be harvested. Fog and dew represent 72% and 28% of the total collected atmospheric water (∼0.2 L m−2 day−1). Both fog and dew represent a complementary natural water source with multiple uses for local industries.
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    Urban growth and waste services: exploring scenarios in an inter-municipal cooperative framework in Sogamoso city, Colombia
    (2024) Pulido Ricaurte, Fredy Leandro; Henríquez, Cristián; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The spatial dimensions of city expansion in Latin America reveal the emergence of new urban agglomeration and metropolization phenomena. In this context, the goal is to implement a predictive model of land use change between 1976 and 2047 in the city of Sogamoso and neighboring municipalities in Colombia and to apply its results to a proposal for inter-municipal cooperation in the collection of solid household waste. The methodology used is based on a spatially explicit models using the CA_Markov model in Idrisi Selva software that incorporates Markov chains, multi-criteria evaluation, and cellular automata to identify future areas of urban expansion. The model forecasts urban growth from 2,420 ha in 2021 to 5,278 ha in 2047. The spatial distribution of the new urban areas implies collection routes that are ever farther away from the main urban centers. There is thus a vital need for new regional planning practices (such as inter-municipal cooperation).
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    Wallmapu-Araucanía in flames! An historical political ecology of fire in the domination of southern Chile
    (2024) Escalona Ulloa, Miguel; Barton, Jonathan R.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The conflict over Wallmapu-Araucanía in southern Chile, between the Spanish conquistadores, the Chilean state and the Mapuche peoples, dates from the 16th century, with a key moment being the forced integration of Mapuche land into the Chilean state in the late nineteenth century. This paper discusses this long period of conflict in three moments: conquest, occupation and liberation, and it focuses on the use of fire as a politico-symbolic and techno-productive tool. A ‘landscapes of power framework’ is used for this historical political ecology analysis, based on texts from the nineteenth century to the present. The conclusions point to the historical importance of the use of fire as a tool not only for physical changes in the landscape, but principally as a tool of political symbolism that relates to a history of conflict of terror and displacement, used by the forces of occupation and resistance.