3.02 Tesis magíster

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https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/3282
Esta colección incluye tesis de magíster desarrolladas por alumnos de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.

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Browsing 3.02 Tesis magíster by Author "Andía Kohnenkampf, Marcelo Edgardo"

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    Sex differences in the relationship between body composition and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease progression in a murine model of metabolic syndrome
    (2025) Manjarrés Madrid, Laura; Andía Kohnenkampf, Marcelo Edgardo; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Medicina
    La progresión de la esteatosis hepática asociada a disfunción metabólica (MASLD) varía significativamente entre sexos, y los hombres generalmente presentan una enfermedad más avanzada. Utilizando un modelo murino knock out de óxido nítrico sintasa (eNOS KO), analizamos las diferencias específicas de sexo en la progresión de MASLD durante una intervención de dieta occidental. Se empleó la resonancia magnética (MRI) 3T para evaluar la composición corporal y la fracción de grasa hepática, revelando mayor grasa visceral, volumen hepático y proporciones de grasa hepática a muscular en los hombres. La reducción de la dimensionalidad y los análisis de agrupamiento destacaron distintos fenotipos y patrones de progresión de MASLD específicos de sexo. Las evaluaciones histológicas confirmaron un mayor daño hepático en los hombres, como lo indican los puntajes de actividad MASLD más altos. Estos hallazgos demuestran la importancia del sexo como variable biológica en la patología MASLD, enfatizando el papel de la composición corporal y la distribución de la grasa en la progresión de la enfermedad. El estudio destaca el potencial de los métodos analíticos y de imágenes avanzados para refinar los diagnósticos no invasivos e informar las intervenciones específicas según el sexo para la MASLD, contribuyendo al desarrollo de estrategias de tratamiento personalizadas.Con esta tesis se está optando al magister en Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud.
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    Sex-dependent differences on the impact of anti-inflammatory treatment in the progression of coronary artery disease in a murine model of lethal ischemic heart disease induced by diet
    (2023) Parra Núñez, Laura Macarena; Andía Kohnenkampf, Marcelo Edgardo; González, Leticia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina
    Cardiovascular risk differs significantly between adult men and women. Therefore, it is expected that different treatments may affect both groups differently. We aim to compare sexdependent differences on survival and systemic inflammation in response to anti-inflammatory treatment using a diet-induced myocardial infarction mouse model. Method. Male and female SR-B1−/−ApoER61h/h mice, aged 2-3 months, were randomly assigned into two groups: Control (HFD-Control) and minocycline (HFD-MIN). Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding an atherogenic diet (15% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholate). Minocycline was administered in the drinking water at a dose of 0.05 mg/mL. Female mice had a slightly better survival than male mice when fed an HFD (p=0.12). Minocycline improved survival in male by 35% (p=0.006) and by 33% in female p=0.01), without affecting total cholesterol levels. Male mice fed with HFD tended to have higher IL-6 levels than female mice (p=0.08). Minocycline significantly reduced IL-6 levels (p=0.04) and Ly6Chigh (p=0.006) and increased the Ly6Clow subset (p=0.006). Male and female fed with HFD clustered in different groups by analyzing inflammatory parameters by PCA; however, after minocycline intervention, were indistinguishable. High fat diet decreased survival and caused early death in this animal model, however, females had slightly better survival than male mice. Minocycline treatment improved survival in both groups although it did not affect their cholesterol levels. Males showed higher inflammatory serum biomarkers than females, and minocycline treatment showed a higher impact on systemic anti-inflammation in male mice than female, by reducing plasma IL-6 levels and shifting toward a more "reparative" phenotype on circulating monocyte subsets.