Prevalence of anxiety disorders in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.article.number101057
dc.catalogadorpva
dc.contributor.authorErrázuriz Concha, Antonia
dc.contributor.authorAvello Vega, Dalia de los Ángeles
dc.contributor.authorPassi, Álvaro
dc.contributor.authorTorres Barrenechea, Rafael
dc.contributor.authorBacigalupo Izquierdo, Félix
dc.contributor.authorCrossley, Nicolás
dc.contributor.authorUndurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés
dc.contributor.authorJones, Peter B.
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-28T21:33:47Z
dc.date.available2025-04-28T21:33:47Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractBackground The prevalence of anxiety disorders among the adult population in Latin America (LATAM) and its association with development indicators is insufficiently characterised. We estimated pooled regional, country, and sex-specific prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in LATAM based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria. Additionally, we examined the association between its prevalence and four country-level development indicators: Human Development Index (HDI), income inequality (Gini coefficient), Gender Inequality Index (GII), and Intentional Homicide Rate (IHR). Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies on the prevalence of ICD/ DSM anxiety disorders in LATAM from 1990 to 2024, irrespective of language. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, and grey literature. Study quality was assessed using JBI's critical appraisal tools. Pooled estimates were generated using random-effects meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the I-squared (I2) statistic. Meta-regression analyses were performed to examine the ecological association between anxiety disorders prevalence and four development indicators. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020190238). Findings Using data from 36 studies in LATAM, we calculated the lifetime, 12-month, and current prevalence of ICD/ DSM anxiety disorders at 14.55% (95% Confidence Interval 12.32%-17.11%; I2 = 97.9%); 6.61% (5.20-8.37; I2 = 98.1%), and 3.27% (2.34-4.56; I2 = 97.5%), respectively. Heterogeneity was high across prevalence periods, sexes, and countries (all I2 >= 91.4%), warranting caution in interpreting pooled estimates. Elevated 12-month and current prevalence rates of anxiety disorders were associated with higher Gini coefficients (p <= 0.0013). Additionally, higher current prevalence was associated with lower HDI (p = 0.0103) and higher GII (p = 0.0023), while elevated 12-month prevalence was associated with higher IHR (p = 0.011). Interpretation This study shows that approximately one in seven people in LATAM experience anxiety disorders at some point in their lives. These findings highlight the need to strengthen mental health systems in the region, and evidence the association between prevalence of anxiety disorders and development indicators. Our results can serve as a baseline for tracking anxiety disorders and for informed decision-making at the national and regional levels. The substantial heterogeneity between studies and the underrepresentation of some countries underscore the imperative for enhancing regional mental health capacities.
dc.description.funderPfizer Independent Medical Education
dc.fechaingreso.objetodigital2025-04-28
dc.format.extent21 páginas
dc.fuente.origenORCID
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.lana.2025.101057
dc.identifier.issn2667-193X
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101057
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/103507
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:001457022200001
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Errázuriz Concha, Antonia; 0000-0001-9948-388X; 1015339
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Psicología; Avello Vega, Dalia de los Ángeles; S/I; 15333
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Passi, Álvaro; 0000-0002-1744-1705; 155739
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Torres Barrenechea, Rafael; S/I; 100035
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Bacigalupo Izquierdo, Félix; 0000-0002-1002-7472; 158197
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Crossley, Nicolás; 0000-0002-3060-656X; 11224
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Undurraga Fourcade, Eduardo Andrés; 0000-0002-4425-1253; 12868
dc.language.isoen
dc.nota.accesocontenido completo
dc.publisherElsevier Ltd.
dc.revistaThe Lancet Regional Health - Americas
dc.rightsacceso abierto
dc.rights.licenseAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectAnxiety disorders
dc.subjectPrevalence
dc.subjectLatin America
dc.subjectSystematic review
dc.subjectMeta-analysis
dc.subjectGlobal mental health
dc.subject.ddc610
dc.subject.deweyMedicina y saludes_ES
dc.subject.ods01 No poverty
dc.subject.ods03 Good health and well-being
dc.subject.odspa01 Fin de la pobreza
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titlePrevalence of anxiety disorders in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen45
sipa.codpersvinculados1015339
sipa.codpersvinculados15333
sipa.codpersvinculados155739
sipa.codpersvinculados100035
sipa.codpersvinculados158197
sipa.codpersvinculados11224
sipa.codpersvinculados12868
sipa.trazabilidadORCID;2025-04-21
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