Electrochemical oxidation of chlorpromazine, characterisation of products by mass spectroscopy and determination in pharmaceutical samples

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dc.contributor.authorMartinez-Rojas, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorEspinosa-Bustos, Christian
dc.contributor.authorRamirez, Galo
dc.contributor.authorArmijo, Francisco
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T20:18:09Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T20:18:09Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractThe electrochemical behaviour of chlorpromazine (CPZ) at different pH values was studied using a fluorinedoped tin oxide (FTO) electrode. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), square-wave voltammetry (SWV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and constant-potential electrolysis were used to elucidate the electrooxidation mechanism of CPZ on the FTO electrode, whereas chronoamperometry was used to determine CPZ in pharmaceutical and water samples. In addition, using mass spectrometry (MS), it was determined that the main oxidation product was the metabolite chlorpromazine sulfoxide (CPZ-SO). When electrolysis was performed at 1.45 V and pH 2, two metabolites were detected by MS, and a competitive mechanism was proposed wherein CPZ-SO was obtained simultaneously. Linear analytical curves were obtained between 2 x 10-6 and 100 x 10-6 mol L-1, and the detection limit was determined to be 0.26 x 10-6 mol L-1. The developed electroanalytical method thereby presents an appropriate sensitivity and stability that renders it suitable for use in the quality control and routine quantification of pharmaceutical formulations and samples containing environmentally relevant concentrations.
dc.fuente.origenWOS
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141873
dc.identifier.eissn1873-3859
dc.identifier.issn0013-4686
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141873
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/92444
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000935341600001
dc.language.isoen
dc.revistaElectrochimica acta
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectChlorpromazine
dc.subjectFluorine-doped tin oxide
dc.subjectMass spectrometry
dc.subjectPharmaceutical sample
dc.subject.ods03 Good Health and Well-being
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titleElectrochemical oxidation of chlorpromazine, characterisation of products by mass spectroscopy and determination in pharmaceutical samples
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen443
sipa.indexWOS
sipa.trazabilidadWOS;2025-01-12
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