A More Competent, Warm, Feminine, and Human Leader: Perceptions and Effectiveness of Democratic Versus Authoritarian Political Leaders

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dc.contributor.authorSainz, Mario
dc.contributor.authorMoreno-Bella, Eva
dc.contributor.authorTorres-Vega, Laura C.
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T22:15:53Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T22:15:53Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractNowadays, to the detriment of democratic leaders, the emergence of authoritarian leaders has drastically modified the political sphere. This project aims to shed light on this issue by analysing how the perceived effectiveness of democratic and authoritarian political leaders are shaped by the common dimensions of social perception, such as competence/warmth, masculinity/femininity, and human uniqueness/human nature. Accordingly, three experimental studies were conducted. In Study 1 (n = 1001), we revealed that democratic leaders are perceived as more competent, warm, feminine and human. In Study 2 (n = 548) and Study 3 (n = 622), we investigated whether these dimensions of perception mediated the relationship between leaders and their perceived effectiveness. The results revealed that democratic leaders are perceived as effective in cooperative scenarios due to their competence, femininity, and human nature. Alternatively, democratic leaders are preferred in ambiguous contexts due to their competence and cognitive flexibility, that is, human nature. In contrast, authoritarian leaders are perceived as effective in competitive scenarios because of their masculinity. In Study 3, we manipulated the (in)stability of socioeconomic contexts. The results revealed that democratic and authoritarian leaders are perceived as more competent, warm, human and more effective in socio-economic contexts that are stable compared with those that are unstable. The implications of the results regarding the emergence of authoritarian leaders are discussed.
dc.fuente.origenWOS
dc.identifier.doi10.5334/irsp.452
dc.identifier.issn2397-8570
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.452
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/94516
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:000671987400001
dc.issue.numero1
dc.language.isoen
dc.revistaInternational review of social psychology
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectdemocratic
dc.subjectauthoritarian
dc.subjectleaders
dc.subjecteffectiveness
dc.subjectstereotypes
dc.subjectmasculinity-femininity
dc.subjecthumanity
dc.subject.ods10 Reduced Inequality
dc.subject.odspa10 Reducción de las desigualdades
dc.titleA More Competent, Warm, Feminine, and Human Leader: Perceptions and Effectiveness of Democratic Versus Authoritarian Political Leaders
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen34
sipa.indexWOS
sipa.trazabilidadWOS;2025-01-12
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