Glenoid neck length in a healthy population and its association with scapular notching
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Background: Scapular notching is a radiographic finding associated with the use of a reverse shoulder prosthesis. The morphological characteristics of the glenoid neck have been scarcely explored as a relevant factor in relation to scapular notching. The objective of this study is to measure the length of the glenoid neck in a three-dimensional CT reconstruction of a healthy population and to simulate the scapular notching free range of motion for the "long neck" and for the "short neck" groups.
Methods: CT scans of 214 shoulders were reviewed, excluding incomplete, poor quality, or altered studies. 100 CT scans were finally processed. The mean age was 51.7 years (SD 19.4; range, 15-84 years), with 49 female and 51 male patients. For each of the scapulae, four morphometric measurements were obtained: anterior glenoid neck (AGN), middle glenoid neck (MGN), posterior glenoid neck (PGN) and alternative posterior glenoid neck (aPGN). Using 3D software, we simulated a reverse shoulder prosthesis, and the scapular notching free range of motion was registered. Differences between measurements were evaluated with an unpaired t-test using StatalC16 (R). P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. The intraobserver and interobserver correlation was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient.
Results: The AGN measured 7.43 +/- 2.52 mm (range, 1.72-13.3 mm); MGN measured 8.05 mm +/- 1.93 (range, 2.92-13.2 mm); PGN measured 7.26 +/- 2.6 mm (range, 2-13.4 mm); and aPGN measured 8.97 +/- 2.3 mm (range, 4.08-15.4 mm). The scapular notching free range of motion for the "long neck" group was 74.98 degrees +/- 7.35 (range, 55-83 degrees) and for the "short neck" group, it was 62.93 degrees +/- 6.84 (range, 45 -70 degrees) (p = 0.0004).
Conclusions: Measurement of posterior glenoid neck length exhibits excellent reliability and reproducibility, as well as being associated to the scapular notching free range of motion.
Study design: Basic, retrospective, CT images research. (C) 2021 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Methods: CT scans of 214 shoulders were reviewed, excluding incomplete, poor quality, or altered studies. 100 CT scans were finally processed. The mean age was 51.7 years (SD 19.4; range, 15-84 years), with 49 female and 51 male patients. For each of the scapulae, four morphometric measurements were obtained: anterior glenoid neck (AGN), middle glenoid neck (MGN), posterior glenoid neck (PGN) and alternative posterior glenoid neck (aPGN). Using 3D software, we simulated a reverse shoulder prosthesis, and the scapular notching free range of motion was registered. Differences between measurements were evaluated with an unpaired t-test using StatalC16 (R). P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. The intraobserver and interobserver correlation was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient.
Results: The AGN measured 7.43 +/- 2.52 mm (range, 1.72-13.3 mm); MGN measured 8.05 mm +/- 1.93 (range, 2.92-13.2 mm); PGN measured 7.26 +/- 2.6 mm (range, 2-13.4 mm); and aPGN measured 8.97 +/- 2.3 mm (range, 4.08-15.4 mm). The scapular notching free range of motion for the "long neck" group was 74.98 degrees +/- 7.35 (range, 55-83 degrees) and for the "short neck" group, it was 62.93 degrees +/- 6.84 (range, 45 -70 degrees) (p = 0.0004).
Conclusions: Measurement of posterior glenoid neck length exhibits excellent reliability and reproducibility, as well as being associated to the scapular notching free range of motion.
Study design: Basic, retrospective, CT images research. (C) 2021 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Keywords
Joint prosthesis, Scapula, Shoulder