Incidence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Is Increasing in Chile

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dc.catalogadorvdr
dc.contributor.authorGrob Lunecke, Francisca
dc.contributor.authorCavada, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorLobo, Gabriel
dc.contributor.authorValdebenito, Susana
dc.contributor.authorPérez, María Virginia
dc.contributor.authorDonoso, Gilda
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-01T19:50:43Z
dc.date.available2025-08-01T19:50:43Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractCongenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a leading preventable cause of neurocognitive impairment. Its incidence appears to be rising in several countries. We analysed 27 years of newborn-screening data (1997–2023) from the largest Chilean screening centre, covering 3,225,216 newborns (51.1% of national births), to characterise temporal trends and potential drivers of CH incidence. Annual CH incidence was modelled with Prais–Winsten regression to correct for first-order autocorrelation; additional models assessed trends in gestational age, sex, biochemical markers, and aetiological subtypes. We identified 1550 CH cases, giving a mean incidence of 4.9 per 10,000 live births and a significant yearly increase of 0.067 per 10,000 (95 % CI 0.037–0.098; p < 0.001). Mild cases (confirmation TSH < 20 mU/L) rose (+0.89 percentage points per year; p = 0.002). The program’s recall was low (0.05%). Over time, screening and diagnostic TSH values declined, total and free T4 concentrations rose, gestational age at diagnosis fell, and a shift from thyroid ectopy toward hypoplasia emerged; no regional differences were detected. The sustained increase in CH incidence, alongside falling TSH thresholds and growing detection of in situ glands, suggests enhanced recognition of milder disease. Ongoing surveillance should integrate environmental, iodine-nutrition, and genetic factors to clarify the causes of this trend.
dc.fechaingreso.objetodigital2025-08-01
dc.fuente.origenORCID
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijns11030058
dc.identifier.eissn2409-515X
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijns11030058
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/105100
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Medicina; Grob Lunecke, Francisca; 0000-0001-7685-9311; 209562
dc.issue.numero3
dc.language.isoen
dc.nota.accesoContenido completo
dc.pagina.final10
dc.pagina.inicio1
dc.revistaInternational Journal of Neonatal Screening
dc.subjectCongenital hypothyroidism
dc.subjectNewborn screening
dc.subjectIncidence trends
dc.subjectTime-series analysis
dc.subjectThyroid-stimulating hormone
dc.subjectMild CH
dc.subjectChile
dc.subject.ddc610
dc.subject.deweyMedicina y saludes_ES
dc.subject.ods03 Good health and well-being
dc.subject.odspa03 Salud y bienestar
dc.titleIncidence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Is Increasing in Chile
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen11
sipa.codpersvinculados209562
sipa.trazabilidadORCID;2025-07-28
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