Mejoramiento de competencias en inocuidad alimentaria y desarrollo de capital social en pequeños productores agrícolas
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Date
2022
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Abstract
La producción de alimentos derivada de la agricultura familiar es un tema fundamental en nuestros días. No sólo porque abastece a gran parte de la población mundial y nacional, sino porque tiene fundamentos en temáticas asociadas a la superación de la pobreza y desarrollo. Debido a lo anterior, en esta investigación el objetivo es evaluar la implementación de estrategias de vinculación y transferencia para mejorar las competencias en inocuidad alimentaria y fortalecer el capital social de pequeños productores agrícolas (PPA) hortícolas y frutícolas. Este estudio abarcó un universo de 126 PPA pertenecientes a 12 comunas rurales de la Región del Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins, Chile, asociados a dos principales programas del Instituto de Desarrollo Agropecuario (INDAP): el Programa de Desarrollo Local (PRODESAL) y el Programa de Asesoría Técnica (SAT). La intervención fue de cinco meses, donde se realizaron dos seminarios de vinculación y tres sesiones de trabajo acotadas con pequeños agricultores identificados como “representantes o líderes”. Durante los seminarios al inicio y final de la intervención, se aplicó una encuesta que buscó medir el capital social a todos los participantes. Esta información se complementó en sesiones de trabajo con los agricultores “representantes o líderes”. Los participantes presentaron un alto nivel de confianza respecto a sus pares (PPA) y las instituciones públicas (73.8% de un total de 42 PPA), y un menor nivel de confianza hacia los grandes productores agrícolas de la Región (35.7%). En cuanto a la disposición hacia generar vinculación entre PPA, se observa que existe interés y se evalúa positivamente. Sin embargo, al profundizar en sus discursos, la colaboración técnica no es entendida como sinónimo de asociatividad.
Food production derived from small local producers is a fundamental subject to reflect upon nowadays. Not only because they provide for a great portion of the world’s and national population, but also because it has foundations associated with overcoming poverty and development. Despite this, how to approach, design, and implement this strategies, programs, policies and the funding remain a great challenge. Project CONICYT-VCE600009 was developed during 2017 with the objective of implementing bonding and transference strategies and improving the competencies of small local producers (SLP) and of horticultural and fruit products from a rural zone in Chile, in matters of food safety. Using a participatory methodology, the social capital of SLP was investigated. Participants showed a high level of trust towards other SLP and public institutions such as INDAP, while also displaying lower levels of trust towards large agricultural producers. At the same time, disposition to greater bonding between SLP is positive and shows great promise, none the less, by delving into their speech, it becomes clear that technical collaboration is not understood as a synonym to associativity.
Food production derived from small local producers is a fundamental subject to reflect upon nowadays. Not only because they provide for a great portion of the world’s and national population, but also because it has foundations associated with overcoming poverty and development. Despite this, how to approach, design, and implement this strategies, programs, policies and the funding remain a great challenge. Project CONICYT-VCE600009 was developed during 2017 with the objective of implementing bonding and transference strategies and improving the competencies of small local producers (SLP) and of horticultural and fruit products from a rural zone in Chile, in matters of food safety. Using a participatory methodology, the social capital of SLP was investigated. Participants showed a high level of trust towards other SLP and public institutions such as INDAP, while also displaying lower levels of trust towards large agricultural producers. At the same time, disposition to greater bonding between SLP is positive and shows great promise, none the less, by delving into their speech, it becomes clear that technical collaboration is not understood as a synonym to associativity.
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Keywords
Metodologías, Vinculación, Asociatividad, Buenas prácticas agrícolas, Transferencia