Reconciling mechanical models of caldera ring-fault nucleation within the transcrustal magmatic system paradigm

dc.article.number108073
dc.catalogadorgrr
dc.contributor.authorVillarroel, Matías
dc.contributor.authorBrowning, John
dc.contributor.authorMarquardt Roman, Carlos Jorge
dc.contributor.authorClunes Squella, Matias
dc.contributor.authorZañartu Torres, Gabriela Antonia
dc.contributor.authorGiordano, Guido
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-29T17:58:45Z
dc.date.available2024-05-29T17:58:45Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractThe formation of a collapse caldera requires the nucleation of circumferential ring-faults that connect an underlying magma chamber with the Earth's surface. The roof of the magma chamber collapses as a consequence of magma withdrawal due to either over- or under-pressure within the chamber. Recent inferences have suggested that calderas may form atop complex transcrustal magma systems with several individual or interconnected magma chambers residing at depth throughout the crust. Whilst there have been several attempts to define the mechanical conditions leading to caldera fault nucleation, the assumptions for these models often rely on a single shallow magma chamber or the combination of a single shallow magma chamber with doming of a deep-seated magma reservoir. There have, so far, been no attempts to reconcile the mechanical conditions leading to ring-fault nucleation and potential collapse caldera formation with inferred geometries and arrangements of complex transcrustal magmatic systems. Here we address this issue using Finite Element Method (FEM) to reconcile mechanical conditions for caldera ring-fault nucleation within the transcrustal magma system paradigm by modeling multiple magma pocket arrangements. Out of the 150 distinct combinations of shallow magma chambers and pressure conditions that were tested, only 15% yielded the necessary conditions for the successful formation of a caldera ring-fault, supporting the need for special or very specific conditions for the occurrence of calderas in nature. Results show that relatively small lateral distances in the position between magma chambers inhibit the stress conditions required for caldera fault nucleation and propagation. Changes in the vertical spacing between stacked magma chambers do not significantly alter the distribution of either tensile or shear stress. This implies that the specified criteria for initiating ring-faults are consistently met, regardless of the number or arrangement of magma chambers. However, vertical offsets between laterally distributed magma compartments lead to an uneven distribution of shear stress, potentially triggering a trapdoor-type collapse. Consistent with the results presented here, the concept of vertically stacked magma compartments has been proposed as an explanation for both contemporary and ancient volcanic systems.
dc.description.funderAgencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
dc.description.funderFondecyt
dc.fechaingreso.objetodigital2024-08-30
dc.fuente.origenSCOPUS
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2024.108073
dc.identifier.issn0377-0273
dc.identifier.scopusidSCOPUS_ID:85190540416
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2024.108073
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/85964
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:001231633400001
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Browning, John; 0000-0001-8022-6234; 1081089
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Marquardt Roman, Carlos Jorge; 0000-0002-8571-5931; 1012334
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Clunes Squella, Matias; S/I; 1092273
dc.information.autorucEscuela de Ingeniería; Zañartu Torres, Gabriela Antonia; S/I; 1086918
dc.language.isoen
dc.nota.accesocontenido parcial
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.revistaJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectCollapse calderas
dc.subjectFinite Element Method
dc.subjectRing-faults
dc.subjectTranscrustal plumbing systems
dc.subject.ods09 Industry, innovation and infrastructure
dc.subject.odspa09 Industria, innovación e infraestructura
dc.titleReconciling mechanical models of caldera ring-fault nucleation within the transcrustal magmatic system paradigm
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen449
sipa.codpersvinculados1081089
sipa.codpersvinculados1012334
sipa.codpersvinculados1092273
sipa.codpersvinculados1086918
sipa.trazabilidadSCOPUS;2024-05-05
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