Adaptation strategies of giant viruses to low-temperature marine ecosystems

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dc.contributor.authorBuscaglia, Marianne
dc.contributor.authorIriarte, Jose Luis
dc.contributor.authorSchulz, Frederik
dc.contributor.authorDiez, Beatriz
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T16:05:05Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T16:05:05Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractMicrobes in marine ecosystems have evolved their gene content to thrive successfully in the cold. Although this process has been reasonably well studied in bacteria and selected eukaryotes, less is known about the impact of cold environments on the genomes of viruses that infect eukaryotes. Here, we analyzed cold adaptations in giant viruses ( Nucleocytoviricota and Mirusviricota) from austral marine environments and compared them with their Arctic and temperate counterparts. We recovered giant virus metagenomeassembled genomes (98 Nucleocytoviricota and 12 Mirusviricota MAGs) from 61 newly sequenced metagenomes and metaviromes from sub-Antarctic Patagonian fjords and Antarctic seawater samples. When analyzing our data set alongside Antarctic and Arctic giant viruses MAGs already deposited in the Global Ocean Eukaryotic Viral database, we found that Antarctic and Arctic giant viruses predominantly inhabit sub-10 degrees C environments, featuring a high proportion of unique phylotypes in each ecosystem. In contrast, giant viruses in Patagonian fjords were subject to broader temperature ranges and showed a lower degree of endemicity. However, despite differences in their distribution, giant viruses inhabiting low-temperature marine ecosystems evolved genomic cold-adaptation strategies that led to changes in genetic functions and amino acid frequencies that ultimately affect both gene content and protein structure. Such changes seem to be absent in their mesophilic counterparts. The uniqueness of these cold-adapted marine giant viruses may now be threatened by climate change, leading to a potential reduction in their biodiversity.
dc.fuente.origenWOS
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/ismejo/wrae162
dc.identifier.eissn1751-7370
dc.identifier.issn1751-7362
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/ismejo/wrae162
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/89866
dc.identifier.wosidWOS:001343022200001
dc.issue.numero1
dc.language.isoen
dc.revistaIsme journal
dc.rightsacceso restringido
dc.subjectgiant viruses
dc.subjectNCLDV
dc.subjectcold adaptation
dc.subjectmarine cold environments
dc.titleAdaptation strategies of giant viruses to low-temperature marine ecosystems
dc.typeartículo
dc.volumen18
sipa.indexWOS
sipa.trazabilidadWOS;2025-01-12
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