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Browsing Centros UC by Subject "02 Hambre cero"
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- ItemAccessibility disturbances to the biodiversity of urban wetlands due to built environment(2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Sepúlveda Zúñiga, Einer Alexander; Jorquera Guajardo, Felipe Ignacio; Munizaga, Juan; Pino, Joan; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemAportes y desafíos del Sistema de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (SEIA) a la conservación de la biodiversidad en Chile(Interuniversity Institute of Geography and University of Alicante, 2019) Henríquez Ruiz, Cristian Gonzalo; CEDEUS (Chile); Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de GeografíaEnvironmental impact assessment systems are preventive management instruments whose main objective is to include environmental considerations in the processes and activities accompanying economic growth in a nation. The influence of these systems in the conservation of biodiversity is fundamental, since within the evaluation process, they enable identifying and evaluating potential environmental impacts, as well as defining reparations, compensations, or mitigations. Halting the loss of biodiversity caused by human activities and climate change is a global objective. Chile is also facing this challenge, considering its status of Biodiversity Hotspot, projections associated with climate change, and the outstanding issues that the Environmental Impact Assessment System (SEIA) shows regarding biodiversity conservation. The latest, based on the lack of strategic view when considering issues such as the territorial scope of the environmental impacts generated by the projects, under a systemic and transversal approach. This research analyses the main changes experienced since the creation of SEIA, and compares this system with other evaluation systems used in Latin America. National statistics on investment projects potentially affecting the conservation of biodiversity are given. Two issues are addressed to guide discussion of the operational changes that should be encouraged by the Chilean government, namely: 1) internalising the importance of protecting biodiversity beyond current regulations, and; 2) introducing improvements in environmental legislation that could indirectly lead to improvements in SEIA. The research concludes on the importance of strengthening the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and its integration with the SEIA, in order to encourage better project designs by including sustainability from the beginning.
- ItemBoron accumulation in Puccinellia frigida, an extremely tolerant and promising species for boron phytoremediation(2015) Rámila, C.; Leiva, E.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo; Pizarro Puccio, Gonzalo E.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- Item¿Cuántas ollas comunes funcionaron en Chile durante el COVID-19?(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2025) Valenzuela Levi, Nicolás Darío; Ponce, Javiera; Aguirre, José; Iturrieta Lobos, Danitza Andrea; CEDEUS (Chile)Este estudio concluye que, en Chile, las ollas comunes actúan como una “infraestructura desde abajo”, activada en tiempos de crisis, beneficiando a una cantidad significativa de personas, sin coordinación, ni apoyo oficial. A modo de sugerencia, las políticas públicas para la resiliencia deben integrar la organización de ollas comunes para enfrentar la inseguridad alimentaria, aprovechando su capacidad de movilizar recursos y prestar servicios solidarios a nivel de comunidad.
- ItemEffects of soil heating changes on soil hydraulic properties in Central Chile(2024) Giraldo, Carolina V.; Acevedo, Sara E.; Contreras, Cristina P.; Santibanez, Fernando; Saez, Esteban; Calderon, Francisco J.; Bonilla, Carlos A.; CEDEUS (Chile)Wildfires are natural phenomena for most ecosystems on Earth. Many soil properties are impacted by fire, including soil hydraulic properties. We used a laboratory experiment to replicate the temperatures reached by a natural wildfire and documented the effects on soil hydraulic properties. This study hypothesizes that the impact of heating on soil hydrological properties can be explained by the interaction of a number of variables especially organic matter content (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), texture, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). The main objective of this study is to explore the interconnections between soil hydraulic, chemical, and physical properties, focusing on understanding how these relationships change across different ecoregions and temperatures. Sixteen soils were collected across 16 sites susceptible to forest fires in the Central Zone of Chile and heated to 100 degrees C and 300 degrees C for two hours. These sites were representative of two distinct ecoregions: the Chilean Matorral (CM) and the Valdivian Temperate Forests (VTF). Chemical, physical, and hydraulic soil properties were measured before and after heating. At 100 degrees C, there were no significant changes in chemical, physical, or hydraulic soil properties. At 300 degrees C, significant changes were observed in most soil properties in soils from both ecoregions. The OM content and CEC decreased, whereas pH and electrical conductivity increased. In addition, clay content and water aggregate stability (WSA) decreased, while all hydraulic properties increased their values. The aforementioned results demonstrate that infiltration increased after the soil was heated. This can be attributed primarily to decreases in clay content. At the same time, the water repellency (R) index decreased, allowing water to more easily wet the soil particles. Correlations revealed that CEC and clay are the main factors ruling soil hydraulic properties at all temperatures. Clay mineralogy also contributes to the soil hydraulic behavior observed. Nonlinear models were developed to estimate hydraulic properties at 100 degrees C and 300 degrees C, using the main soil properties. The models illustrated that the soils of the CM ecoregion, which are characterized by lower OM and influence of clay/CEC ratio, would be less affected by fire compared to the soils of VTF. The water holding capacity would decrease in both ecoregions. However, due to the greater changes in OM and clay in VTF, the impact would be greater than in CM.1
- ItemEvaluating Spatial Scenarios for Sustainable Development in Quito, Ecuador(2020) Esthela Salazar; Henriquez Ruiz, Cristian Gonzalo; Richard Sliuzas; Jorge Qüense; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemGermination requirements of the extremely boron-tolerant species, Puccinellia frigida(2017) Ramila, C.; Guilleminot, P.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; Pizarro Puccio, Gonzalo E.; Contreras E., Samuel; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemIntegrating strategic land use planning in the construction of future land use scenarios and its performance : the Maipo River Basin, Chile(2018) Henríquez Dole, Lenin; Usón, Tomás; Vicuña Díaz, Sebastián; Henríquez Ruiz, Cristian; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Meza, Francisco Javier; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemPredicting soil aggregate stability using readily available soil properties and machine learning techniques(2020) Rivera, J. I.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemPredicting soil loss and sediment characteristics at the plot and field scales : Model description and first verifications(2019) Lobo, Gabriel P.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemScientists, Policymakers, and Stakeholders Plan for Climate Change: A Promising Approach in Chile's Maipo Basin(2016) Ocampo Melgar, Anahí; Vicuña Díaz, Sebastián; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Varady, Robert G.; Scott, Christopher A.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemSpectral responses to labile organic carbon fractions as useful soil quality indicators across a climatic gradient(2020) Ramírez, P.; Calderón, F. J.; Fonte, S. J.; Santibañez, F.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemSupporting local adaptation: The contribution of socio-environmental fragmentation to urban vulnerability(2014) Krellenberg, Kerstin; Link, Felipe; Welz, Juliane; Harris, Jordan; Barth, Katrin; Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemThe value of vegetation cover for ecosystem services in the suburban context(2016) De la Barrera, Francisco; Rubio, P.; Banzhaf, E.; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemVegetation cover change in growing urban agglomerations in Chile(2017) De la Barrera, Francisco; Henríquez, Cristián; CEDEUS (Chile)