3.03 Tesis doctorado

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Browsing 3.03 Tesis doctorado by Subject "05 Gender equality"

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    CIVIC ENGAGEMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN CHILE
    (2023) Caro Puga, Sara; Martínez Guzmán, María Loreto; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    Despite the importance of civic engagement in old age, few studies analyze this phenomenon in the Chilean context. Mainly, civic engagement among older adults in Chile has been studied from the associativity and social participation (UC-Caja Los Andes 2007, 2010, 2013 and 2016; Herrera, Elgueta and Fernández, 2014; Gallardo- Peralta, Conde-Llanes and Córdova-Jorquera, 2016; Romero, Gallardo-Peralta, and Moreno, 2019; Gallardo-Peralta, Raymond and Gálvez-Nieto, 2022), but not making visible spaces of more outstanding agency or leadership.As research evidence is scarce, in Chile, we still do not know whether the motivations for or the civic behaviours configure different patterns that can characterize the civic engagement of older adults, not only by age groups but also by their socio-demographic conditions and, above all, by the ways of assessing citizenship and of living civic life, amplifying this heterogeneity.This thesis aims to analyse the civic engagement of older adults in Chile from a Life Course perspective, examining its relationship with the conditions of social inequality in which these people live. Specifically, it will identify profiles of civic engagement among men and women 60 years or older in Chile and the association between profile membership and indicators of active ageing (i.e., empowerment, proactive ageing, and generativity).
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    Experiencias y significados asociados a las transiciones y las relaciones familiares en el período postdevelación del abuso sexual infantil intrafamiliar, desde las narrativas de figuras parentales y hermanos no ofensores
    (2023) Latorre Latorre, María Soledad; Cornejo Cancino, Marcela; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    La presente investigación aborda el fenómeno del abuso sexual infantil, el cual es una problemática social y de salud pública (Collin-Vézina et al., 2013; Mathews & Collin-Vézina, 2019; OMS, 2020), que significa una violación de los derechos humanos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes víctimas (INDH, 2018). Su alcance trasciende a las víctimas directas e impacta a sus familiares y figuras significativas de sus entornos.
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    Women are warm, but she isn’t: how and when gender stereotypes are applied
    (2025) Paz Martín, Sarah; Cumsille E., Patricio; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Psicología
    This dissertation aimed to disentangle the psychological mechanisms and conditions underlying the application of gender stereotypes. Specifically, it sought to test the distinction between the activation and application of gender stereotypes, evaluate the effect of counterstereotypical examples on stereotype application, identify whether stereotype activation functions as a mechanism through which stereotype application operates, and assess the effect of individual factors on the activation and application of gender stereotypes. These objectives were addressed through three experiments and a measure validation study. The first study, comprising two experiments, established the empirical distinction between stereotype activation and application. We adapted and validated a single experimental task that addresses both processes and separates them using formal modeling techniques. The second study validated a sexism measure in a separate sample from the same population, which was then used to evaluate its role as an individual factor influencing stereotype activation and application. The final study, involving one experiment, examined the effect of counter-stereotypical examples on stereotype application. We evaluated the mediating role of stereotype activation and the influence of individual factors such as sexism, motivation to respond without sexism and gender essentialism. Our findings enhance the understanding of how and when gender stereotypes are applied, shedding light on the cognitive processes involved in forming impressions of both stereotypical and counter-stereotypical individuals. These insights are crucial for developing more effective strategies to mitigate the negative impact of harmful gender stereotypes.