Capítulos de libros

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Browsing Capítulos de libros by browse.metadata.categoria "Ciencias sociales"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 97
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    Activismo de las personas con discapacidad. ¿Por qué es fundamental?
    (Ediciones Universidad Diego Portales, 2024) Romero Rojas, Víctor Ignacio; Pino-Morán, Juan Andrés; Vera Fuente-Alba, Luis; Ramirez Fuentes, Jaime Francisco
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    Bringing Inequality Closer: A Comparative Urban Sociology of Socially Diverse Neighborhoods
    (2014) Ruiz-Tagle V., Javier
    This chapter addresses the issues of segregation and social mix by comparing two socially diverse neighbourhoods in Chicago (Cabrini Green and Near North) and Santiago (La Loma and La Florida area). It aims to understand how social relationships can be modified by a change in spatial configurations, questioning whether intergroup physical proximity triggers other processes of integration, notably functional, relational, and symbolic integration. Social mix leads to more amenities and some institutional change, but not to upward social mobility for the poor. Moreover, intergroup relationships in these socially mixed neighbourhoods are marked by fear, distrust, and avoidance and governed by increased material and symbolic competition. Ultimately, the physical proximity of social mix conceals the persistence of inequality and the forces that are actively maintaining segregation.
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    Cara y contracara de las modernizaciones del Transporte. Desarrollo urbano en torno al eje Gran Avenida Los Morros
    (RIL editores, 2018) Forray Claps, Maria Rosanna; Saavedra Martinez, Christian Alex; Castillo, Simón; Mardones, Marcelo; Vila, Waldo
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    Chile
    (Springer, 2020) De Amesti Mujica, José; Herrera Ponce, Maria Soledad; Madero Cabib, Ignacio
    During the last three decades Chile has experienced an unprecedented demographic transition due to increased life expectancy and decreased childbirth.This is expected to cause important challenges to economic, health and culturaldimensions among older people in Chile. Furthermore, this is a developing countrycharacterised by a liberal labour market and pension policies and by a male breadwinner culture-locating women in care and domestic tasks at the expense of labourmarket participation. This means that gender plays a key role in the challenges associated with an ageing population. We discuss public policies and recent academicresearch on the economic, health, and cultural dimensions of ageing in Chile
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    Chileans in China and How They View Their Role in Public Diplomacy: Between Entrepreneurship and State Policies
    (Palgrave Macmillan, 2021) Labarca, Claudia; Werner-Wildner, Philipe
    Since the Free Trade Agreement between China and Chile took effect in 2006, a Chilean business-led diaspora has been growing in mainland China. Using a qualitative thematic analysis, and through perspectives gathered during 19 semi-structured, in-depth interviews, this chapter describes this diaspora community’s characteristics, motivations, identities, and levels of social capital. It also explores its contributions to public diplomacy efforts promoted by the Chilean government in China. By doing this, this chapter avoids the traditional focus on the political dimensions of diasporas to instead explore business-centered state-diaspora interactions.
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    Ciberperiodismo en Iberoamérica: Chile
    (2016) Arriagada Cardini, Eduardo Sergio; Muñiz Viu, José Agustín
    Ciberperiodismo en Iberoamérica' relata los veinte primeros años del periodismo digital en veintidós países: todos los de América Latina, además de España y Portugal. Con referencias históricas inéditas y curiosas imágenes rescatadas del pasado, acompañadas de abundantes estadísticas, este libro ofrece un análisis profundo y documentado sobre el origen, hitos y tendencias de los medios digitales en todos y cada uno de los países iberoamericanos.
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    Clinical social work in Chile
    (2022) Muñoz-Guzmán, Carolina; Grau, María Olaya; González, Karla; Garrido López, Valentina
    Social work in Latin America has been framed by an ethical-political dimension committed to democracy and change in social structures to ensure social justice. This has put under dispute the possibilities of clinical social work, which has been defined as a reduced understanding of social problems in Latin America. The increasing complexity of people’s lives, related not only to poverty but to the convergence of many difficulties across life’s course, provides a disciplinary opportunity for social workers to innovate in ways to deliver effective tools and skills in coping with violence, addiction, mental health problems, discrimination, and exclusion. Thus, supplementing traditional social work practice in the region, with clinical social work as a specialised area of intervention, seems urgent. This chapter examines the contributions that clinical social work can make to reach social justice in Latin America, specifically in Chile. The discussion focuses on the need for a specialised professional training in clinical social work, one that acknowledges critical social work perspectives in order to avoid reductionism when understanding social problems.
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    ¿Cómo diseñar la experiencia en el aprendizaje para migrar del proyecto de diseño al diseño informado por investigación?
    (2020) Cárdenas Bayona, Lina Maria; Manns Gantz, Patricia Karina; Mollenhauer Gajardo, Katherine Alexandra
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    Comunicación y sostenibilidad en Chile: desde la filantropía hasta la relación con las comunidades.
    (CIESPAL, 2018) Matus Lobos, Pablo Ignacio
    El presente capítulo expone brevemente la evolución de los tópicos asociados con el desarrollo sostenible y su gestión —sobre todo comunicativa— en Chile, así como el estado actual del tema, desde el punto de vista académico y profesional. En la primera parte se describe la evolución de la sostenibilidad en Chile, con énfasis en las dimen-siones ambiental y social. Luego se da cuenta del modo en que el tema se gestiona en el país, tanto en pequeñas como en grandes empresas, se caracteriza al sector de la responsabilidad social, considerando a las organizaciones que la promueven, y se presentan casos emblemáticos de éxito en la gestión y comunicación de la sustenta-bilidad en la industria chilena. Luego se describe el imaginario de la responsabilidad social en Chile a partir de datos de estudios de opinión pública, sobre la cobertura periodística de las actividades empresariales y sobre la publicidad que habla de temas sociales y ambientales. Finalmente se reflexiona sobre la evolución de los conceptos empleados en el país para referirse al tema.
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    Comunicación, cambio de representaciones sociales y seguridad en barrios violentos
    (Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile, 2007) Ruiz Jabbaz, M. Soledad; Krause Jacob, Mariane; Helsper Ellen, Johanna; Godoy, Álvaro; Reyes, Carlos; Quezada, María Inés
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    Concentration, Hold-up, and Information Revelation in Bank Lending: Evidence From Chilean Firms
    (2004) García Marín, Álvaro; Repetto Lisboa Andrea; Rodríguez, Sergio; Valdés, Rodrigo O.; Banco Central de Chile
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    Conclusions and recommendations
    (Taylor and Francis, 2023) Manen, Saskia M. van; Kremer Ramírez, Klaus Nicolás; Jaenichen, Claudine; Lin, Tingyi S.; Ramírez Andersen, Rodrigo Andrés
    This conclusion presents some closing thoughts of the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book emphasizes the importance of structurally including design in all of its guises, methodologies and perspectives as standard practice in emergency management. It points out, in order to enable design for emergency management, a broader culture of design needs to become established within government agencies. The book offers suggestions of partners who can be engaged in co-designing, such as for-profit entities in the retail sector. It also offers another creative solution to this conundrum by showcasing the value of collaborating with higher education institutes. The book examines how to mobilize people by showcasing the interplay of various communication aspects, that is text, imagery, and an auditory component, which work in harmony to foreground urgency in a warning, and are intended to assist the audience in sense making and subsequent action taking.
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    Conclusions: COVID-19 and Cities: Experiences from Latin American and Asian Pacific Cities
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Montoya, Miguel A.; Lemus-Delgado, Daniel; Rehner, Johannes; Krstikj, Aleksandra
    The emergence of the Sars-Cov-2 virus in December 2019 affected the various regions, countries, and communities around the world unequally. Addressing the current pandemic should be understood as a step toward more resilient cities, rather than only focusing on the emergency response and managing a particular crisis. More resilient systems should be more capable of responding to future pandemics or other massive public health issues, and the postpandemic “new normal” could be more sustainable if urban systems incorporate improvements and learn from this crisis. Thus, the pandemic has been an opportunity to think about resilient, creative, and innovative cities with better governance models, safer public spaces, and improved infrastructures. The pandemic constitutes a reminder of the importance of being better connected in order to flexibly adapt to challenges of organizing work in an innovative manner. It is also essential to think about how cities can generate more inclusive opportunities for their inhabitants. Advances in making cities more inclusive, safe, and sustainable as a response to pandemics have the potential of bringing them a step forward on the path to resilience, not only regarding future pandemics, but mostly in confronting perpetual structural challenges and pressures. This book presents a series of contributions, both essays and empirically based case studies from Latin America and Asia (mostly China), on the challenges that the novel coronavirus pandemic in 2020 and 2021 posed on urban systems. The multidisciplinary contributions are placed in different political, social, and economic contexts and are founded in their respective disciplinary, epistemological, and methodological context. Nevertheless, they all contribute to the discussion of urban resilience of cities under the influence of a global crisis.
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    Conclusions: COVID-19 and Cities: Experiences from Latin American and Asian Pacific Cities
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Montoya, Miguel A.; Lemus-Delgado, Daniel; Rehner, Johannes; Krstikj, Aleksandra
    The emergence of the Sars-Cov-2 virus in December 2019 affected the various regions, countries, and communities around the world unequally. Addressing the current pandemic should be understood as a step toward more resilient cities, rather than only focusing on the emergency response and managing a particular crisis. More resilient systems should be more capable of responding to future pandemics or other massive public health issues, and the postpandemic “new normal” could be more sustainable if urban systems incorporate improvements and learn from this crisis. Thus, the pandemic has been an opportunity to think about resilient, creative, and innovative cities with better governance models, safer public spaces, and improved infrastructures. The pandemic constitutes a reminder of the importance of being better connected in order to flexibly adapt to challenges of organizing work in an innovative manner. It is also essential to think about how cities can generate more inclusive opportunities for their inhabitants. Advances in making cities more inclusive, safe, and sustainable as a response to pandemics have the potential of bringing them a step forward on the path to resilience, not only regarding future pandemics, but mostly in confronting perpetual structural challenges and pressures. This book presents a series of contributions, both essays and empirically based case studies from Latin America and Asia (mostly China), on the challenges that the novel coronavirus pandemic in 2020 and 2021 posed on urban systems. The multidisciplinary contributions are placed in different political, social, and economic contexts and are founded in their respective disciplinary, epistemological, and methodological context. Nevertheless, they all contribute to the discussion of urban resilience of cities under the influence of a global crisis.
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    La consideración del ambiente en los planes urbanos para Caracas (1930-2000)
    (Ediciones de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, 1998) Almandoz, Arturo; Carillo, Róger J.
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    Contingent Agreements to Reduce the Impacts of Droughts on Human Water Consumption
    (Springer, 2025) Vicuna Diaz, Sebastián; Ávila, Antonia; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Melo Contreras, Oscar Alfredo; Rivera Bravo, Daniela Pilar; Molinos, María
    One of the expected impacts of climate change is the alteration of precipitation and temperatures, modifying hydrological regimes and water availability. Faced with these changes, it is essential to adopt measures to guarantee the quantity, quality and continuity of drinking water supply to the population. This chapter proposes an instrument that consists of the design and implementation of pre-agreement contracts for the temporary transfer of water volumes from agriculture to water utilities. The application of the instrument is presented using the Aconcagua River basin and the Valparaíso-Viña del Mar conurbation in Chile as a case study. Through simulation models, the transfers, and economic compensations of a potential application of the instrument are characterized and evaluated considering different future climate scenarios, drought triggers for activation of pre-agreements, compensation scenarios based on human basic water consumption thresholds, and opportunity cost of water used in the agricultural sector.
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    Cost of living
    (Routledge, 2022) Vergara Perucich, José Francisco; Aguirre Núñez, Carlos Andrés; Encinas Pino, Felipe Alfonso; Hidalgo Dattwyler, Rodrigo Alejandro; Truffello Robledo, Ricardo Enrique; Ladrón De Guevara Gonzales, Felipe Andrés
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    COVID-19 in Chile: A health crisis amidst a political crisis amidst a social crisis
    (Routledge, 2021) Bachmann Cáceres, Ingrid Andrea; Valenzuela, Sebastián; Figueroa Bustos, Arturo Alejandro
    Once regarded as the poster child for democratic stability and sound policymaking in Latin America, in the last two decades Chile has experienced increasing levels of mistrust in political institutions and media elites, as well as disenfranchisement. In the wake of the mass protests of October 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic found the Chilean government at record levels of disapproval and with citizens skeptical of messages by authorities and legacy media. Based on data from an online survey and a narrative analysis of public discourse of key government interventions during the first six months of the pandemic, this chapter pays attention to individuals’ perceptions regarding the coronavirus crisis and offers a qualitative assessment of how the government’s handling was addressed in the public sphere. Findings show that Chileans have been skeptical of government measures and critical of officials’ handling of the situation, regardless of their support for the administration. With the news media struggling to hold authorities accountable, the resulting crisis has only deepened the political, economic, and social divisions within Chilean society.
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    COVID-19, Resilience, and Cities: A Conceptual Introduction
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Krstikj, Aleksandra; Rehner, Johannes; Lemus-Delgado, Daniel; Montoya, Miguel A.
    The COVID-19 pandemic exposed many of the structural weaknesses of the contemporary world and accentuated already existing risks. Images of paralyzed cities, empty squares, closed schools and universities, canceled religious services, stationary public transport, closed airports, and suspended non-essential economic activities displayed the vulnerability of societies. History shows that cities can innovate and change profoundly in response to disasters or after suffering an intense crisis such as a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has opened a new debate about some of the most challenging issues of city planning and management. The concept of resilience is helpful to address the topics of how cities face disasters and how they adapt or evolve into systems that are more resistant. In this book, we rely on an evolutionary concept of resilience that goes beyond the understanding of resilience as a capacity of a system to bounce back to its initial state after an external shock. When understood as a capacity for evolving, resilience can be an important input for achieving more sustainable cities, as it can contribute to the transformation of urban systems for more equitable, inclusive, and just societies. This book aims to share experiences of how cities are facing and responding to the pandemic crisis; in what possible directions cities could evolve as a consequence of this traumatic experience; what strategies are implemented by which agents, individuals, and groups; what institutional and structural ruptures and developments can be observed; and what kind of practices seem successful or promising, and relate those lessons to inputs for facing uncertainties in future sustainable urban development.