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A bumpy ride: structural inequalities, quality standards, and institutional limitations affecting cycling infrastructure
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Mora Vega, Rodrigo; Oyarzun, Gabriel; Vergara, Jaime; Vecchio, Giovanni; CEDEUS (Chile)
Structural socio-economic and institutional limitations can affect the implementation of cycling infrastructure. More stringent cycling infrastructure standards aiming to solve deficiencies might exacerbate disparities, especially in poor districts with fragmentary governance. Using an audit and quantitative and spatial analysis of cycleways, this paper examines to what extent structural inequalities and governance issues affect the availability and quality of cycling infrastructure, considering new indicative and normative standards aiming at improving cycling infrastructure in Santiago, Chile. Our results show that the distribution of cycleways is unequal and only partially complies with national quality standards. All districts in the city have both high and low standard bicycle lanes, but since district finances have huge differences, this can lead to inequalities in cycle coverage and districts' capabilities to address current standard problems. This raises relevant challenges regarding governance and how to ensure an equitable distribution of cycling infrastructure in Global South cities.
A combined destination and route choice model for a bicycle sharing system
(2016) González, Felipe; Melo Riquelme, C.; Grange Concha, Louis de; CEDEUS (Chile)
This paper studies the supply variables that influence the destination and route choices of users of a bicycle sharing system in the Chilean city of Santiago. A combined trip demand logit model is developed whose explanatory variables represent attributes relating to the topology of the possible routes and other characteristics such as the presence of bikeways, bus service and controlled intersections. The data for the explanatory variables and system users were collected through field surveys of the routes and interviews conducted at the system stations. The results of the model show that proximity to stops on the Santiago Metro and the existence of bikeways are the main factors influencing destination and route choices. Also indicated by the model estimates are gender differences, a preference for tree-lined routes and an avoidance of routes with bus services. Finally, the outcomes reveal considerable potential for the integration of bicycle sharing systems with Metro transit.
A critical review of heat and mass transfer in vegetative roof models used in building energy and urban enviroment simulation tools
(2018) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Pinto, Camilo; Tabares Velasco, Paulo Cesar; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; CEDEUS (Chile)
A Dynamic, Multivariate Sustainability Measure for Robust Analysis of Water Management under Climate and Demand Uncertainty in an Arid Environment
(2015) Hunter Cure, Christian Kent; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; CEDEUS (Chile)
A flexible and time-efficient schedule-based communication tool for integrated lighting and thermal simulations of spaces with controlled artificial lighting and complex fenestration systems
(2016) Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Molina, G.; Uribe, D.; CEDEUS (Chile)
A GIS-based urban and peri-urban landscape representation toolbox for hydrological distributed modeling
(2017) Sanzana Cuevas, Pedro Pablo; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Brand, I.; Branger, F.; Rodríguez, F.; Vargas, X.; Hitschfeld, N.; Muñoz Pardo, José Francisco; Vicuña, Sebastián; Mejía, A.; Jankowski, S.; CEDEUS (Chile)
A lightweight fiber-based approach to reduce the risk of concrete detachment in shotcrete fortified tunnels
(2020) Ortiz, C.; Lillo Gallardo, Patricio Andrés; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)
A methodology for assessing the chemical and physical potential of industrially sourced rice husk ash on strength development and early-age hydration of cement paste
(2017) Zunino Sommariva, Franco; López Casanova, Mauricio Alejandro; CEDEUS (Chile)
A model for simulating the performance and irrigation of green stormwater facilities at residential scales in semiarid and Mediterranean regions
(2017) Herrera, J.; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; Castro, L.; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Reyes, R.; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; CEDEUS (Chile)
A Novel Offsite Construction Method for Social Housing in Emerging Economies for Low Cost and Reduced Environmental Impact
(MDPI, 2023) Tapia Reed, Danilo Alejandro; González Hormazábal, Marcelo Andrés; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Aguilar, Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
Offsite construction methods have shown many advantages over traditional construction techniques, especially related to efficiency and productivity during the construction phase. Nevertheless, offsite construction generally involves oversizing the internal structure of the modules due to the internal stresses produced during transport and lifting operations, producing an increase in material usage, direct cost, and carbon footprint. In developing countries, the direct cost of social housing is the most important factor determining the feasibility of construction. For this reason, oversizing the internal structure of the modules can play an important role in the adoption of a modern construction technique such as offsite construction systems. In order to solve this issue, a temporary reusable stiffener structure is proposed to allow an economical offsite construction system using a lightweight steel framing structure used in traditional methods. The reusable structure was designed using a finite element method, and the direct cost and carbon footprint of the structure were evaluated. The results show that the proposed construction strategy allows for a low cost and reduced environmental impact due to a lower usage of materials in the modules and the possibility of a circular economy approach to the reusable structure.
A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the sustainability of industrialised building systems: A bibliographic review and analysis of case studies
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) López Guerrero, Rafael Eduardo; Vera Araya, Sergio Eduardo; Carpio Martínez, Manuel; CEDEUS (Chile)
The building construction has a significant impact on sustainability worldwide. However, industrialised building systems (IBS) might reduce these impacts compared to traditional building systems (TBS). Previous literature reviews have analysed IBS's sustainability, based primarily on environmental aspects and through qualitative indicators, disregarding a detailed quantitative comparison between both technologies and nor considering economic and social sustainability indicators. To fill this gap, this paper aims to evaluate vis-à-vis IBS's sustainability in relation to TBS, based on the quantitative and qualitative indicators studied in the literature. Thus, an exhaustive bibliographic review of IBS and TBS case studies was conducted. In total, 67 scientific papers were selected (papers, book chapters and reports), containing 86 case studies. Major findings indicated that IBS are more sustainable in almost all studied values – except construction costs. Nevertheless, this advantage depends on material design, prefabrication levels, transportation, work management and each author's methodological approaches. These factors are discussed to explain the reasons for IBS′ sustainability. Furthermore, main conclusions indicate that sustainability assessments have been unbalanced in literature, with few analyses of economic and social performance, and some indicators have been poorly studied (e.g., water and acidification potential), so their results are not yet representative. Similarly, reusability, prefabrication levels and the social indicators of IBS were insufficiently analysed in the reviewed case studies. Finally, the current review highlights IBS sustainability indicators that have been less studied in order to motivate new investigations in the broader field, exposing the IBS sustainability outlook and other research gaps.
A review of technological improvements in bus rapid transit (BRT) and buses with high level of service (BHLS)
(2014) Hidalgo, D.; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
A rule-based approach for preventive identification of potential conflictive criteria in mining operations in Chile
(2018) Ocampo-Melgar, Anahi; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Valls, Aida; CEDEUS (Chile)
A stochastic meta-frontier approach for analyzing productivity in the English and Welsh water and sewerage companies
(2023) Molinos Senante, María; Maziotis, Alexandros; CEDEUS (Chile)
Within the water industry, some water companies provide both water and sanitation services whereas other just water services. Assuming a common technology of different types of water companies may lead to biased estimates of performance. To deal with the problem of incomparability of heterogeneous water companies, the metafrontier approach was employed. A stochastic metafrontier approach was employed to estimate and compare the productivity change of the English and Welsh Water and Sewerage companies (WaSCs) and Water only companies (WoCs) during the years 1991–2016. To identify the drivers of productivity growth, the metafrontier Malmquist productivity was decomposed into four components namely: Group-frontier efficiency change, group-frontier technological change, efficiency catch-up and technological catch-up. The results indicate that over the entire period industry productivity slightly increased by 1.5% per year on average with WoCs performing slightly better than WaSCs. Group-frontier efficiency change, group-frontier technological change and technological catch-up contributed positively to metafrontier productivity growth, whereas the temporal changes of efficiency catch-up have been the source of deterioration.
A transient model for temperature prediction in a salt-gradient solar pond and the ground beneath it
(2017) Amigo, J.; Meza, Francisco Javier; Suárez, F.; CEDEUS (Chile)
Accessibility Indicators for the Geographical Assessment of Transport Planning in Latin-America Metropolitan Area
(MDPI, 2021) Martínez, Marcela ; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Condeço-Melhorado, Ana; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; CEDEUS (Chile)
Accessibility represents a key element in strengthening developed regions in terms of investment in transportation infrastructure. Accessibility is also an equity indicator to measure the ease with which a specific location achieves desired outcomes as well as the spillover effect; traditionally, these effects have been analyzed with econometric and engineering techniques, rather than from the perspective of geographical studies. The purpose of this research is to measure the spillover effects and the territorial cohesion of Infrastructure Regional Planning (PRI) for the Latin American metropolitan area of Concepción (MAC), Chile. To meet this purpose, locational and network efficiency indicators of spatial accessibility were calculated using network analysis in GIS. The results showed that the improvements differ according to the accessibility indicator employed; however, they generally showed benefits in consolidated urban centers and corridors near investment and industrial areas. In contrast, more distant and rural areas presented limited and irregular benefits.
Acid Water Neutralization Using Microbial Fuel Cells: An Alternative for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment
(2016) Leiva, Eduardo; Leiva Aravena, Enzo; Vargas Cucurella, Ignacio Tomás; CEDEUS (Chile)
Active and legacy mining in an arid urban environment : challenges and perspectives for Copiapó, Northern Chile
(Springer, 2016) Carkovic Aguilera, Athena Belen; Calcagni García, Magdalena Sol; Vega Contreras, Alejandra Soledad; Coquery, Marina; Moya Arias, Pablo Manuel; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo; CEDEUS (Chile)
Urban expansion in areas of active and legacy mining imposes a sustainability challenge, especially in arid environments where cities compete for resources with agriculture and industry. The city of Copiapó, with 150,000 inhabitants in the Atacama Desert, reflects this challenge. More than 30 abandoned tailings from legacy mining are scattered throughout its urban and peri-urban area, which include an active copper smelter. Despite the public concern generated by the mining-related pollution, no geochemical information is currently available for Copiapó, particularly for metal concentration in environmental solid phases. A geochemical screening of soils (n = 42), street dusts (n = 71) and tailings (n = 68) was conducted in November 2014 and April 2015. Organic matter, pH and elemental composition measurements were taken. Notably, copper in soils (60–2120 mg/kg) and street dusts (110–10,200 mg/kg) consistently exceeded international guidelines for residential and industrial use, while a lower proportion of samples exceeded international guidelines for arsenic, zinc and lead. Metal enrichment occurred in residential, industrial and agricultural areas near tailings and the copper smelter. This first screening of metal contamination sets the basis for future risk assessments toward defining knowledge-based policies and urban planning. Challenges include developing: (1) adequate intervention guideline values; (2) appropriate geochemical background levels for key metals; (3) urban planning that considers contaminated areas; (4) cost-effective control strategies for abandoned tailings in water-scarce areas; and (5) scenarios and technologies for tailings reprocessing. Assessing urban geochemical risks is a critical endeavor for areas where extreme events triggered by climate change are likely, as the mud flooding that impacted Copiapó in late March 2015.
Aguas grises: Aportes de cedeus sobre tecnologías de tratamiento, percepción social y desarrollo de normativas en chile – Parte 1
(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2024) Gallardo, Carlos; Vargas, Ignacio; Gironás, Jorge; Molinos, María; Bertoli, Rodolfo; CEDEUS (Chile)
Actualmente en Chile el ciclo urbano del agua se basa principalmente en sistemas convencionales centralizados de suministro y tratamiento de agua. Uno de los principales desafíos para las ciudades chilenas es implementar el uso de fuentes alternativas de agua. Un ejemplo de lo anterior es el reúso de aguas grises recuperadas a través de sistemas de tratamientos descentralizados energéticamente sustentables. Dado que las aguas grises corresponden aproximadamente a un 60% de las aguas usadas en un hogar, su tratamiento y reúso seguro emergen como una oportunidad relevante para el desarrollo sustentable de las ciudades chilenas.
Aguas grises: Aportes de cedeus sobre tecnologías de tratamiento, percepción social y desarrollo de normativas en Chile – Parte 2
(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2024) Gallardo, Carlos; Vargas, Ignacio; Gironás, Jorge; Molinos, María; Bertoli, Rodolfo; CEDEUS (Chile)
El presente documento se enmarca en investigaciones realizadas por CEDEUS sobre la percepción pública respecto al reúso de aguas grises en Santiago de Chile y las contribuciones y avances en el desarrollo de nuevas normas chilenas referidas al reúso de aguas

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