Publicaciones académicas

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Esta colección incluye artículos de profesores de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, publicados en revistas nacionales y extranjeras.

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1,4-Dihydropyridines: Reactivity of nitrosoaryl and nitroaryl derivatives with alkylperoxyl radicals and ABTS radical cation
(2004) Valenzuela, V.; Santander, P.; Camargo, C.; Squella, J.A.; López Alarcón, Camilo Ignacio; Nuñez Vergara, L.J.
1-benzoyl-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole derivatives: A novel approach to the development of new HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(2007) Vásquez Velásquez, David; Lagos Arévalo, Carlos Fernando; Mella Raipán, Jaime Alberto; González Contreras, Luis Gerardo; Ebensperger González, Roberto Alejandro; Alvarez Figueroa, María Javiera; Sáez Moya, Edmundo Alfredo; Pessoa Mahana, Hernán; Araya Secchi, Raul; Gonzalez Wong, Angel; Perez-Acle, Tomas; Pessoa Mahana, Carlos David
10-MV SBRT FFF irradiation technique is associated to the lowest peripheral dose: the outcome of 142 treatment plans for the 10 most common tumour locations
(2019) Irazola, Leticia; Sánchez Nieto, Beatriz; García Hernández, M. T.; Terrón, J. A.; Roselló, J.; Ortiz-Seidel, M.; Béjar, M. J.; Linares, Rafael; Velázquez, Santiago; Sánchez Doblado, Francisco
10-year experience in patients operated for acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis
(2020) Lagos, A.; Ferrada, S.; Muñoz, T.; Maul Fonseca, Ximena; Finkelstein, A.; González, C.; Fonseca Arrieta, María Ximena; Callejas Canepa, Claudio Andrés
100% Efficient three-dimensional coronary MR angiography with two-dimensional beat-to-beat translational and bin-to-bin affine motion correction
(2015) Aitken, A.; Henningsson, M.; Botnar, René Michael; Schaeffter, T.; Prieto Vásquez, Claudia
11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in patients with hypertension and low plasma renin activity
(2002) Mosso, L; Carvajal, C; Campino, C; Rojas, A; Gonzalez, A; Barraza, A; Montero, J; Fardella, C; NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Background: Half of hypertensive patients with, low plasma renin activity have a primary hyperaldosteronism. Among the remaining half 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11betaHSD2) deficiency plays all important role. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, avoiding the interaction of cortisol with, the mineralocorticoid receptor. If the enzyme fails, cortisol will stimulate sodium and water reabsorption and increase blood pressure. Aim: To determine biochemical alterations, suggestive of 11betaSHSD2 deficiency, in low-renin hypertensive patients. Patients and Methods: Twenty eight hypertensive patients with a plasma renin activity of less than 0.5 ug/ml/h and with a plasma aldosterone of less than 5 ng/dl were studied. Twenty eight normotensive patients were studied as controls. Serum. cortisol (RIA), cortisone (ELISA) and the serum cortisol/cortisone ratio were determined in all of them, between, 9 and 10 AM. Measurements were confirmed by high pressure liquid chromatography. The serum cortisol/cortisone ratio was considered abnormal when its Ln (cortisol/cortisone) value was over 2 standard deviations of the mean. Results: Serum cortisol was higher in hypertensive subjects than in controls (11.1 +/- 3.3 and 9.2 +/- 2.8 mug/dl, respectively; p <0.05). No differences were observed in serum cortisone (3.4 +/- 1.3 and 3.7 +/- 1.2 μg/dl, respectively). Four hypertensive subjects bad all abnormally high Ln (cortisol/cortisone) value (1.86; 1.73; 2.07 and 2.01, considering a normal value of less than 1.61). Conclusions: Four of 28 hypertensive subjects with, low plasma renin activity and aldosterone had biochemical alterations suggestive of 11.1βHSD2 deficiency.
11 beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 is Overexpressed in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Morbidly Obese Patients
(SPRINGER, 2009) Munoz, Rodrigo; Carvajal, Cristian; Escalona, Alex; Boza, Camilo; Perez, Gustavo; Ibanez, Luis; Fardella, Carlos
11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11 beta-HSD1) enzyme catalyzes interconversion of inactive cortisone to active cortisol. Its expression in adipose tissue has been associated with obesity and some of its metabolic disorders. Controversies regarding which fat depots [subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) or visceral adipose tissue (VAT)] have higher expression still remain. The aim of this work was to evaluate 11 beta-HSD1 expression in SAT and VAT of obese patients and evaluate its association to metabolic features of metabolic syndrome.
11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 and type-1 (11 beta-HSD2 and 11 beta-HSD1) and 5 beta-reductase activities in the pathogenia of essential hypertension
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2010) Campino, Carmen; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Cornejo, Javiera; San Martin, Betty; Olivieri, Oliviero; Guidi, Giancesare; Faccini, Giovanni; Pasini, Francesco; Sateler, Javiera; Baudrand, Rene; Mosso, Lorena; Owen, Gareth I.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Padilla, Oslando; Fardella, Carlos E.
Cortisol availability is modulated by several enzymes: 11 beta-HSD2, which transforms cortisol (F) to cortisone (E) and 11 beta-HSD1 which predominantly converts inactive E to active F. Additionally, the A-ring reductases (5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductase) inactivate cortisol (together with 3 alpha-HSD) to tetrahydrometabolites: 5 alpha THF, 5 beta THF, and THE. The aim was to assess 11 beta-HSD2, 11 beta-HSD1, and 5 beta-reductase activity in hypertensive patients. Free urinary F, E, THF, and THE were measured by HPLC-MS/MS in 102 essential hypertensive patients and 18 normotensive controls. 11 beta-HSD2 enzyme activity was estimated by the F/E ratio, the activity of 11 beta-HSD1 in compare to 11 beta-HSD2 was inferred by the (5 alpha THF + 5 beta THF)/THE ratio and 5 beta-reductase activity assessed using the E/THE ratio. Activity was considered altered when respective ratios exceeded the maximum value observed in the normotensive controls. A 15.7% of patients presented high F/E ratio suggesting a deficit of 11 beta-HSD2 activity. Of the remaining 86 hypertensive patients, two possessed high (5 alpha THF + 5 beta THF)/THE ratios and 12.8% had high E/THE ratios. We observed a high percentage of alterations in cortisol metabolism at pre-receptor level in hypertensive patients, previously misclassified as essential. 11 beta-HSD2 and 5 beta-reductase decreased activity and imbalance of 11 beta-HSDs should be considered in the future management of hypertensive patients.
11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 polymorphisms and activity in a Chilean essential hypertensive and normotensive cohort.
(2012) Campino, Carmen; Quinteros, Hector; Owen, Gareth I.; Carvajal, Cristian A.; Morales, Mauricio; Olivieri, Oliviero; Guidi, Giancesare; Faccini, Giovanni; Pasini, Francesco; Baudrand, Rene; Padilla, Oslando; Valdivia, Carolina; Thichauer, Juan; Lagos, Carlos F.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Fardella, Carlos E.
BACKGROUND: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme (11β-HSD2) inactivates cortisol (F) to cortisone (E); its impairment is associated with hypertension. We reported that 15.7% of the Chilean essential hypertensives possessed a high F/E ratio suggesting a partial deficit in 11β-HSD2 activity. It has been reported that the G534A(Glu178/Glu) polymorphism in the HSD11B2 gene is associated with hypertension. Investigate the frequency of the G534A polymorphism and its correlation with the glucocorticoid profile in Chilean essential hypertensive and normotensive subjects. METHODS: Essential hypertensive outpatients (n = 232) and normotensive subjects (n = 74) were recruited. A change in the AluI restriction enzyme digest pattern, caused by the presence of the G534A polymorphism, was utilized to screen DNA isolated from leukocytes within the cohort before confirmation by sequencing. Plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone, F, and E were measured by radioimmunoassay. Urinary tetrahydrocortisol (THF), 5α-tetrahydrocortisol (5α-THF), and tetrahydrocortisone (THE) were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: G534A polymorphism frequency was similar between hypertensive patients (19 of 232; 8.2%) and normotensive subjects (7 of 74; 9.5%). When categorized by presence or absence of the G534A polymorphism, no significant differences in the serum F/E ratio or other measured biochemical variables were detected. Despite a previous report that the G534A polymorphism is associated with a neighboring C468A (Thr156/Thr) polymorphism, analysis within our cohort showed that only one patient in each group presented with this double polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS: We report the frequency of the G534A polymorphism in the Spanish-Amerindian population. No correlation was detected between this polymorphism and the presence of hypertension and biochemical parameters in this Chilean cohort.
(13)C NMR studies of heterocyclic naphtho- and anthraquinones. Deshielding effect on the carbonyl carbon with methyl substitution
(2008) Salas Sánchez, Cristián Osvaldo; Armstrong Lattapiat, Ana Verónica; López Astorga, Claudio; Tapia Apati, Ricardo
14-day triple, 5-day concomitant, and 10-day sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection in seven Latin American sites: a randomised trial
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2011) Greenberg, E. Robert; Anderson, Garnet L.; Morgan, Douglas R.; Torres, Javier; Chey, William D.; Eduardo Bravo, Luis; Dominguez, Ricardo L.; Ferreccio, Catterina; Herrero, Rolando; Lazcano Ponce, Eduardo C.; Mercedes Meza Montenegro, Maria; Pena, Rodolfo; Pena, Edgar M.; Salazar Martinez, Eduardo; Correa, Pelayo; Elena Martinez, Maria; Valdivieso, Manuel; Goodman, Gary E.; Crowley, John J.; Baker, Laurence H.
Background Evidence from Europe, Asia, and North America suggests that standard three-drug regimens of a proton-pump inhibitor plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin are significantly less effective for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection than are 5-day concomitant and 10-day sequential four-drug regimens that include a nitroimidazole. These four-drug regimens also entail fewer antibiotic doses than do three-drug regimens and thus could be suitable for eradication programmes in low-resource settings. Few studies in Latin America have been done, where the burden of H pylori-associated diseases is high. We therefore did a randomised trial in Latin America comparing the effectiveness of four-drug regimens given concomitantly or sequentially with that of a standard 14-day regimen of triple therapy.
17-Beta-Estradiol Upregulates Cox-2 in the Rat Oviduct
(2006) Pérez S; Villalón, Manuel J.
18F-FDG-PET in guided dose-painting with intensity modulated radiotherapy in oropharyngeal tumours : a phase I study (FiGaRO)
(2021) Michaelidou, A.; Adjogatse, D.; Suh, Y.; Pike, L.; Thomas, C.; Woodley, O.; Rackely, T.; Palaniappan, N.; Jayaprakasam, V.; Sánchez Nieto, Beatriz; Evans, M.; Barrington, S.; Lei, M.; Guerrero Urbano, T.
1918 influenza virus : 100 years on, are we prepared against the next influenza pandemic?
(2018) Medina, Rafael
2 Golden rats and sick empires: portraying medicine, poverty, and the bubonic plague in La Peste
(Manchester University Press, 2022) Ragas Rojas, José Frank; Palma Maturana, Patricia Nataly; González Donoso, Guillermo Adrián
With a ten-million-euro budget and 400 extras on set, La Peste (The Plague) – a ten-episode TV show produced by Spanish communication conglomerate Movistar and aired in January 2018 – became not only the most ambitious production in Spanish television history but also an overnight sensation among viewers and critics. This chapter examines how La Peste combines historical accuracy and fiction to portray the role of medicine, health agents, and population around a late sixteenth-century epidemic outbreak. Its release coincided with the centennial of the Spanish flu that killed twenty to fifty million people around the globe. In placing the epidemic at the core of the narrative, the show unveils the multiple yet contradictory ways people from various social groups and backgrounds reacted to the pandemic: either to save their own lives, procure a cure for others, or to take advantage of the crisis. The chapter highlights what makes La Peste a relevant case to study. As part of its marketing campaign, the production team deliberately sought to trespass the screen and insert the narrative into people’s daily lives. This team designed in advance of the TV series an interactive website with digital resources on the history of medicine and historical sites. Furthermore, in the days prior to the launch, several golden rats appeared in the streets of Seville to announce the show. While some viewers expressed their discomfort with the crude scenes depicting poor living conditions, others engaged with the campaign. As a result of this, La Peste constitutes a fascinating example of the possibilities offered by TV shows as vehicles for disseminating historical medical knowledge to a vast audience.
2,3-Diketopiperazine as potential scaffold to develop new anti-Chagasic agents
(2023) Osorio-Nieto, Urbano; Salas, Cristian O.; Mendez-Alvarez, Domingo; Rivera, Gildardo; Moreno-Rodriguez, Adriana; Perez-Cervera, Yobana; Castillo-Real, Lizet Monserrat; Espinosa-Bustos, Christian
Continuing our program to develop compounds with potential activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, in this work we have designed and synthesized and evaluated in vitro on the trypomastigote form a new series of 2,3-diketopiperazines derivatives. By means of a two-step sequence, where one of them was a catalytic and selective C(sp(3))-H-bond reaction, nine final compounds (5a-i) were obtained. Most of these 2,3-diketopiperazines were highly active against the trypomastigote strain NINOA (LC50 < 100 mu M) compared to the reference drugs benznidazole (Bzn) and nifurtimox (Nfx). Likewise, compounds 5c and 5h showed high potency against the trypomastigote strain A1 (LC50 = 25.2 and 40.49 mu M, respectively), with 5c being four to five times more active than the reference drugs. In addition, the cytotoxicity of these compounds was determined in the murine macrophage J774 cell line, presenting in most cases, higher selectivity rates compared to Bzn and Nfx. In silico studies suggested that these 2,3-diketopiperazine derivatives could be inhibitors of the Fe-SOD enzyme at the cytosolic and mitochondrial level. Finally, these compounds would also have good oral bioavailability according to theoretical predictions.
2-Arylthiomorpholine derivatives as potent and selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors
(2010) Luhr, Susan; Vilches-Herrera, Marcelo; Fierro Huerta, Angélica; Ramsay, Rona R.; Edmondson, Dale E.; Reyes-Parada, Miguel; Cassels, Bruce K.; Iturriaga-Vasquez, Patricio
2-hydroxyoestradiol and 2-methoxyoestradiol, two endogenous oestradiol metabolites, induce DNA fragmentation in Sertoli cells
(2016) Valencia, C.; Molina, C.; Florez, M.; Bunay, J.; Moreno Mauro, Ricardo D.
2-Methoxyestradiol and Disorders of Female Reproductive Tissues
(2014) Pinto, M.; Medina, R.; Owen, Gareth Ivor
2-Methoxyestradiol mediates apoptosis through caspase-dependent and independent mechanisms in ovarian cancer cells but not in normal counterparts
(2008) Kato Cardemil, Sumie Rode; Sadarangani, Anil; Lange Smith, María Soledad; Delpiano, Ana M.; Vargas, Macarena; Brañes, Jorge; Carvajal Cabrera, Jorge Andrés; Lipkowitz, Stanley; Owen, Gareth Ivor; Cuello Fredes, Mauricio Arturo

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