DSpace Angular :: Browsing by Author "Zacconi, Flavia C. M."

Browsing by Author "Zacconi, Flavia C. M."

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Bio-analytical Assay Methods used in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiretroviral Drugs-A Review
(2019) Charbe, N.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Amnerkar, N.; Murtaza, R.; Tambuwala, M.; Clementi, E.
Background: Several clinical trials, as well as observational statistics, have exhibited that the advantages of antiretroviral [ARV] treatment for humans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV/AIDS exceed their risks. Therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] plays a key role in optimization of ARV therapy. Determination of ARV's in plasma, blood cells, and other biological matrices frequently requires separation techniques capable of high effectiveness, specific selectivity and high sensitivity. High-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] coupled with ultraviolet [UV], Photodiode array detectors [PDA], Mass spectrophotometer [MS] detectors etc. are the important quantitative techniques used for the estimation of pharmaceuticals in biological samples. Objective: This review article is aimed to give an extensive outline of different bio-analytical techniques which have been reported for direct quantitation of ARV's. This article aimed to establish an efficient role played by the TDM in the optimum therapeutic outcome of the ARV treatment. It also focused on establishing the prominent role played by the separation techniques like HPLC and UPLC along with the detectors like UV and Mass in TDM. Methods: TDM is based on the principle that for certain drugs, a close relationship exists between the plasma level of the drug and its clinical effect. TDM is of no value if the relationship does not exist. The analytical methodology employed in TDM should: 1) distinguish similar compounds; 2) be sensitive and precise and 3) is easy to use Results: This review highlights the advancement of the chromatographic techniques beginning from the HPLC-UV to the more advanced technique like UPLC-MS/MS. TDM is essential to ensure adherence, observe viral resistance and to personalize ARV dose regimens. It is observed that the analytical methods like immunoassays and liquid chromatography with detectors like UV, PDA, Florescent, MS, MS/MS and Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS have immensely contributed to the clinical outcome of the ARV therapy. Assay methods are not only helping physicians in limiting the side effects and drug interactions but also assisting in monitoring patient's compliance. Conclusion: The present review revealed that HPLC has been the most widely used system irrespective of the availability of more sensitive chromatographic technique like UPLC.
Biological databases and tools for neurological disorders
(IMR Press Limited, 2022) Usman, M.B.; Ojha, S.; Jha, S.K.; Chellappan, D.K.; Gupta, G.; Singh, S.K.; Dua, K.; Roychoudhury, S.; Kumar, N.; Khan, F.A.; Dureja, H.; Upadhye, V.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Prasanna, P.; Kesari, K.K.; Ashraf, G.M.; Alexiou, A.; Jha, N.K.
Computational approaches to study of neuronal impairment is rapidly evolving, as experiments and intuition alone do not explain the complexity of the brain system. An overwhelming increase in the amount of new data from both theory and computational modeling necessitate the development of databases and tools for analysis, visualization and interpretation of neuroscience data. To ensure the sustainability of this development, consistent update and training of young professionals is imperative. For this purpose, relevant articles, chapters, and modules are essential to keep abreast of developments. This review seeks to outline the biological databases and analytical tools along with their applications. It is envisaged that such knowledge could provide a ''training recipe'' for young scientists and a guide for professionals and researchers in neuroscience.
Chitosan/poly-octanoic acid 2-thiophen-3-yl-ethyl ester blends as a scaffold to maintain myoblasts regeneration potential in vitro
(2017) Padilla C.; Ramos, A.; González N.; Isaacs Casanova, Mauricio; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Olguín Marín, Hugo César; Valenzuela Roediger, Loreto Margarita
Co-synthesis of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates and CdS quantum dots nanoparticles in Pseudomonas putida KT2440
(2017) Oliva Arancibia, Bárbara; Ordenes Aenishanslins, Nicolás; Bruna, Nicolás; Ibarra, Paula S.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Pérez Donoso, José M.; Poblete Castro, Ignacio
Copper nanoparticles supported on zinc oxide as efficient catalyst for the N-Arylation of (Hetero)cyclic and acyclic amides
(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2021) Moglie, Yanina; Mascaro, Evangelina; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Radivoy, Gabriel
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) supported on ZnO are highly active and selective heterogeneous catalyst for the N-arylation of cyclic and acyclic amides (Golberg coupling). The reaction conditions are mild, featuring K3PO4 as a base and N,N'-dimethylethylendiamine (DMEDA) as ligand in refluxing acetonitrile. The CuNPs/ZnO catalyst can be recovered and reused in six cycles with only little loss of activity. The methodology can be successfully scaled up to gram scale without decreasing the catalytic activity.
Eucryphia cordifolia extracts: Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
(2021) Viteri, Rafael; Giordano, Ady; Montenegro, Gloria; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.
Eucryphia cordifolia is a native and dominant species from the Temperate Forest in the southern region of Chile. It is a crucial melliferous species producing unifloral honey with outstanding antibacterial properties with great commercial value at international markets. A phytochemical screening was developed by colorimetric and gravimetric methods. Antioxidant activities were assessed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was the method used to determine the antibacterial activity. The results revealed the highest antioxidant activity for the methanolic extracts of branches (IC50 35.7 mu g/mL for DPPH, IC50 11.0 mu g/mL for ABTS, and 4.6 mM FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O/g in FRAP), attributed to its high content of total phenols (332.8 mg GAE/g). The quantification of the MBC led to values in the range of 0.78-12.5 mg/mL for S. aureus and S. pyogenes, and 6.25-50 mg/mL for E. coli and P. aeruginosa, respectively. The presented work provides valuable first in vitro evidence regarding the potential application of E. cordifolia extracts as antioxidants and antibacterial agents in the nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical industry.
Multifaceted role of synbiotics as nutraceuticals, therapeutics and carrier for drug delivery
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2022) Khursheed, R.; Gulati, M.; Wadhwa, S.; Vishwas, S.; Sharma, D.S.; Corrie, L.; Singh, S.K.; Steel, A.; Adams, J.; Dua, K.; Alam, A.; Alnasser, S.M.; Aba, Alkhayl F.F.; Parveen, Z.; Nammi, S.; Chellappan, D.K.; Gupta, G.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Jha, N.K.
Synbiotics, are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. They play an important role in metabolizing different nutritional substrates and thus helps in the maintenance of human health. Any disbalance in the gut microflora, known as dysbiosis, is known to lead to a number of diseased conditions. It can be reverted by the administration of synbiotics. Present review highlights various mechanistic pathways through which synbiotics act as therapeutics. The dual role of synbiotics as nutraceutical and excipient in developing oral formulations are entailed with case studies. The findings entailed that there exist numerous studies on prebiotics as well as probiotics have been carried out to show their effects in several diseases. However, the concept of combining together them for prevention and treatment of various pathological conditions accruing from dysbiosis is relatively new. Synbiotics, however, face challenge of low stability during their sojourn in the GIT, which is generally overcome by various encapsulation techniques. Various studies also showed potential role of synbiotics in drug delivery. However, it is an emerging area and lacks clinical correlation. It is important to focus on clinical trials of formulations wherein synbiotics have been used as therapeutic moiety as well as pharmaceutical carrier for treating various diseases.
Perfluorocarbons Therapeutics in Modern Cancer Nanotechnology for Hypoxia-induced Anti-tumor Therapy
(2021) Satija, Saurabh; Sharma, Prabal; Kaur, Harpreet; Dhanjal, Daljeet S.; Chopra, Reena S.; Khurana, Navneet; Vyas, Manish; Sharma, Neha; Tambuwala, Murtaza M.; Bakshi, Hamid A.; Charbe, Nitin B.; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Chellappan, Dinesh K.; Dua, Kamal; Mehta, Meenu
With an estimated failure rate of about 90%, immunotherapies that are intended for the treatment of solid tumors have caused an anomalous rise in the mortality rate over the past decades. It is apparent that resistance towards such therapies primarily occurs due to elevated levels of HIF-1 (Hypoxia-induced factor) in tumor cells, which are caused by disrupted microcirculation and diffusion mechanisms. With the advent of nanotechnology, several innovative advances were brought to the fore; and, one such promising direction is the use of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles in the management of solid tumors. Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles enhance the response of hypoxia-based agents (HBAs) within the tumor cells and have been found to augment the entry of HBAs into the tumor micro-environment. The heightened penetration of HBAs causes chronic hypoxia, thus aiding in the process of cell quiescence. In addition, this technology has also been applied in photodynamic therapy, where oxygen self-enriched photosensitizers loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles are employed. The resulting processes initiate a cascade, depleting tumour oxygen and turning it into a reactive oxygen species eventually to destroy the tumour cell. This review elaborates on the multiple applications of nanotechnology based perfluorocarbon formulations that are being currently employed in the treatment of tumour hypoxia.
Rutin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles attenuate oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells: a PCR validation
(2021) Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Chellappan, D. K.; Dureja, H.; Dua, K.; Raj Paudel, K. R.; Shastri, M. D.; Mehta, M.; Gulati, M.; Hansbro, P.; Singh, S. K.; Satija, S.; Shukla, S. D.
Aim: In the present study, the inhibitory potential of rutin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) on oxidative stress was determined in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) by analysing the expression levels of different antioxidant (NADPH quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1); gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase catalytic subunit (GCLC)) and pro-oxidant (NADPH oxidase (Nox)-4; Nox2B) genes. Results: Our findings revealed that the rutin-loaded LCNs inhibited the genes, namely Nox2B and Nox4, which caused oxidative stress. In addition, these nanoparticles demonstrated an upregulation in the expression of the antioxidant genes Gclc and Nqo-1 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The study indicates the promising potential of rutin-loaded LCNs as an effective treatment strategy in patients with high oxidant loads in various respiratory diseases.
Theoretical study of C-arylations with aryl halides to determine the reaction mechanism, the effect of substituents and heteroatoms
(2019) Durán Guajardo, Rocío Belén; Núñez Navarro, Nicolás Ernesto; Zacconi, Flavia C. M.; Herrera Pisani, Bárbara Andrea

Browsing by Author "Zacconi, Flavia C. M."

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