Browsing by Author "Younossi, Zobair"

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    A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature
    (2023) Rinella, Mary E.; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Ratziu, Vlad; Francque, Sven M.; Sanyal, Arun J.; Kanwal, Fasiha; Romero, Diana; Abdelmalek, Manal F.; Anstee, Quentin M.; Arab, Juan Pablo; Arrese, Marco; Bataller, Ramon; Beuers, Ulrich; Boursier, Jerome; Bugianesi, Elisabetta; Byrne, Christopher D.; Narro, Graciela E. Castro; Chowdhury, Abhijit; Cortez-Pinto, Helena; Cryer, Donna R.; Cusi, Kenneth; El-Kassas, Mohamed; Klein, Samuel; Eskridge, Wayne; Fan, Jiangao; Gawrieh, Samer; Guy, Cynthia D.; Harrison, Stephen A.; Kim, Seung Up; Koot, Bart G.; Korenjak, Marko; Howdley, Kris V.; Lacaille, Florence; Loomba, Rohit; Mitchell-Thain, Robert; Morgan, Timothy R.; Powell, Elisabeth E.; Roden, Michael; Romero-Gomez, Manuel; Silva, Marcelo; Singh, Shivaram Prasad; Sookbian, Silvia C.; Spearman, C. Wendy; Tiniakos, Dina; Valenti, Luca; Vos, Miriam B.; Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun; Xanthakos, Stavra; Yilmaz, Yusuf; Younossi, Zobair; Hobbs, Ansley; Villota-Rivas, Marcela; Newsome, Philip N.
    The principal limitations of the terms NAFLD and NASH are the reliance on exclusionary confounder terms and the use of potentially stigmatising language. This study set out to determine if content experts and patient advocates were in favour of a change in nomenclature and/or definition. A modified Delphi process was led by three large pan-national liver associations. The consensus was defined a priori as a supermajority (67%) vote. An independent committee of experts external to the nomenclature process made the final recommendation on the acronym and its diagnostic criteria. A total of 236 panellists from 56 countries participated in 4 online surveys and 2 hybrid meetings. Response rates across the 4 survey rounds were 87%, 83%, 83%, and 78%, respectively. Seventy-four percent of respondents felt that the current nomenclature was sufficiently flawed to consider a name change. The terms "nonalcoholic" and "fatty" were felt to be stigmatising by 61% and 66% of respondents, respectively. Steatotic liver disease was chosen as an overarching term to encompass the various aetiologies of steatosis. The term steato-hepatitis was felt to be an important pathophysiological concept that should be retained. The name chosen to replace NAFLD was metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). There was consensus to change the definition to include the presence of at least 1 of 5 cardiometabolic risk factors. Those with no metabolic parameters and no known cause were deemed to have cryptogenic steatotic liver disease. A new category, outside pure metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, termed metabolic and alcohol related/associated liver disease (MetALD), was selected to describe those with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, who consume greater amounts of alcohol per week (140-350 g/wk and 210-420 g/ wk for females and males, respectively). The new nomenclature and diagnostic criteria are widely supported and non-stigmatising, and can improve awareness and patient identification.(c) 2023 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), and Fundacion Clinica Medica Sur, A.C. Published by Wolters Kluwer/Elsevier B.V/ Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature
    (2023) Rinella, Mary E.; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Ratziu, Vlad; Francque, Sven M.; Sanyal, Arun J.; Kanwal, Fasiha; Romero, Diana; Abdelmalek, Manal F.; Anstee, Quentin M.; Pablo Arab, Juan; Arrese, Marco; Bataller, Ramon; Beuers, Ulrich; Boursier, Jerome; Bugianesi, Elisabetta; Byrne, Christopher D.; Castro Narro, Graciela E.; Chowdhury, Abhijit; Cortez-Pinto, Helena; Cryer, Donna R.; Cusi, Kenneth; El-Kassas, Mohamed; Klein, Samuel; Eskridge, Wayne; Fan, Jiangao; Gawrieh, Samer; Guy, Cynthia D.; Harrison, Stephen A.; Kim, Seung Up; Koot, Bart G.; Korenjak, Marko; Kowdley, Kris V.; Lacaille, Florence; Loomba, Rohit; Mitchell-Thain, Robert; Morgan, Timothy R.; Powell, Elisabeth E.; Roden, Michael; Romero-Gomez, Manuel; Silva, Marcelo; Singh, Shivaram Prasad; Sookoian, Silvia C.; Spearman, C. Wendy; Tiniakos, Dina; Valenti, Luca; Vos, Miriam B.; Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun; Xanthakos, Stavra; Yilmaz, Yusuf; Younossi, Zobair; Hobbs, Ansley; Villota-Rivas, Marcela; Newsome, Philip N.
    The principal limitations of the terms NAFLD and NASH are the reliance on exclusionary confounder terms and the use of potentially stigmatising language. This study set out to determine if content experts and patient advocates were in favor of a change in nomenclature and/or definition. A modified Delphi process was led by three large pan-national liver associations. The consensus was defined a priori as a supermajority (67%) vote. An independent committee of experts external to the nomenclature process made the final recommendation on the acronym and its diagnostic criteria. A total of 236 panelists from 56 countries participated in 4 online surveys and 2 hybrid meetings. Response rates across the 4 survey rounds were 87%, 83%, 83%, and 78%, respectively. Seventy-four percent of respondents felt that the current nomenclature was sufficiently flawed to consider a name change. The terms "nonalcoholic" and "fatty" were felt to be stigmatising by 61% and 66% of respondents, respectively. Steatotic liver disease was chosen as an overarching term to encompass the various aetiologies of steatosis. The term steatohepatitis was felt to be an important pathophysiological concept that should be retained. The name chosen to replace NAFLD was metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. There was consensus to change the definition to include the presence of at least 1 of 5 cardiometabolic risk factors. Those with no metabolic parameters and no known cause were deemed to have cryptogenic steatotic liver disease. A new category, outside pure metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, termed metabolic and alcohol related/associated liver disease (MetALD), was selected to describe those with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, who consume greater amounts of alcohol per week (140-350 g/wk and 210-420 g/wk for females and males, respectively). The new nomenclature and diagnostic criteria are widely supported and nonstigmatising, and can improve awareness and patient identification.
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    Implementation of a liver health check in people with type 2 diabetes
    (2024) Abeysekera, Kushala W. M.; Valenti, Luca; Younossi, Zobair; Dillon, John F.; Allen, Alina M.; Noureddin, Mazen; Rinella, Mary E.; Tacke, Frank; Francque, Sven; Gines, Pere; Thiele, Maja; Newsome, Philip N.; Guha, Indra Neil; Eslam, Mohammed; Schattenberg, Joern M.; Alqahtani, Saleh A.; Arrese, Marco; Berzigotti, Annalisa; Holleboom, Adriaan G.; Caussy, Cyrielle; Cusi, Kenneth; Roden, Michael; Hagstroem, Hannes; Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun; Mallet, Vincent; Castera, Laurent; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Tsochatzis, Emmanuel A.
    As morbidity and mortality related to potentially preventable liver diseases are on the rise globally, early detection of liver fibrosis offers a window of opportunity to prevent disease progression. Early detection of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease allows for initiation and reinforcement of guidance on bodyweight management, risk stratification for advanced liver fibrosis, and treatment optimisation of diabetes and other metabolic complications. Identification of alcohol-related liver disease provides the opportunity to support patients with detoxification and abstinence programmes. In all patient groups, identification of cirrhosis ensures that patients are enrolled in surveillance programmes for hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension. When considering early detection strategies, success can be achieved from applying ad-hoc screening for liver fibrosis in established frameworks of care. Patients with type 2 diabetes are an important group to consider case findings of advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, as up to 19% have advanced fibrosis (which is ten times higher than the general population) and almost 70% have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Additionally, patients with type 2 diabetes with alcohol use disorders have the highest proportion of liver-related morbidity of people with type 2 diabetes generally. Patients with type 2 diabetes receive an annual diabetes review as part of their routine clinical care, in which the health of many organs are considered. Yet, liver health is seldom included in this review. This Viewpoint argues that augmenting the existing risk stratification strategy with an additional liver health check provides the opportunity to detect advanced liver fibrosis, thereby opening a window for early interventions to prevent end-stage liver disease and its complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma
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    The case for simplifying and using absolute targets for viral hepatitis elimination goals
    (2021) Razavi, Homie; Blach, Sarah; Razavi-Shearers, Devin; Abaalkhail, Faisal; Abbas, Zaigham; Abdallah, Ayat; Ferreira, Paulo Abrao; Abu Raddad, Laith Jamal; Adda, Danjuma; Agarwal, Kosh; Aghemo, Alessio; Ahmed, Aijaz; Al-Busafi, Said A.; Al-hamoudi, Waleed; Al-Kaabi, Saad; Al-Romaihi, Hamad; Aljarallah, Badr; AlNaamani, Khalid; Alqahtani, Saleh; Alswat, Khalid; Altraif, Ibrahim; Asselah, Tarik; Bacon, Bruce; Bessone, Fernando; Bizri, Abdul Rahman; Block, Tim; Bonino, Ferruccio; BranclaoMello, Carlos Eduardo; Browny, Kimberly; Bruggmann, Philip; Brunetto, Maurizia Rossana; Buti, Maria; Cabezas, Joaquin; Calleja, Jose Luis; Batanjer, Erika Castro; Chan, Henry Lik-Yuen; Chang, Henry; Chen, Chien-Jen; Christensen, Peer Brehm; Chuang, Wan-Long; Cisneros, Laura; Cohen, Chari; Colombo, Massimo; Conway, Brian; Cooper, Curtis; Craxi, Antonio; Crespo, Javier; Croes, Esther; Cryer, Donna; de Barros, Fernando Passos Cupertino; Derbala, Moutaz; Dillon, John; Doss, Wahid; Dou, Xiaoguang; Doyle, Joseph; Duberg, Ann-Sofi; Dugan, Ellen; Dunn, Rick; Dusheiko, Geoffrey; El Khayat, Hisham; EI-Sayed, Manal H.; Eshraghian, Ahad; Esmat, Gamal; Mur, Rafael Esteban; Ezzat, Sameera; Falconer, Karolin; Fassio, Eduardo; Ferrinho, Paulo; Flamm, Steven; Flisiak, Robert; Foster, Graham; Fung, James; Garcia-Samaniego, Javier; Gish, Robert G.; Goncales, Fernando; Halota, Waldemar; Hamoudi, Waseem; Hassany, Mohamed; Hatzakis, Angelos; Hay, Susan; Himatt, Sayed; Hoepelman, I. M.; Hsu, Yao-Chun; Hui, Yee Tak; Hunyady, Bela; Jacobson, Ira; Janjua, Naveed; Janssen, Harry; Jarcuska, Peter; Kabagambe, Kenneth; Kanto, Tatsuya; Kao, Jia-Horng; Kaymakoglu, Sabahattin; Kershenobich, David; Khamis, Faryal; Kim, Dong Joon; Kim, Young; Kondili, Loreta A.; KottiliI, Shyamasundaran; Kramvis, Anna; Kugelmas, Marcelo; Kurosaki, Masayuki; Lacombe, Karine; Lagging, Martin; Lao, WaiCheung; Lavanchy, Daniel; Lazarus, Jeffrey, V; Lee, Alice; Lee, Samual S.; Levyl, Miriam; Liakina, Valentina; Lim, YoungSuk; Liu, Shuang; Maddrey, Willis; Malekzade, Reza; Marinho, Rui Tato; Mathur, Poonam; Maticic, Mojca; Mendes Correa, Maria Cassia; Mera, Jorge; Merat, Shahin; Mogawer, Sherif; Mohamed, Rosmawati; Muellhaupti, Beat; Muljono, David; Mostafa, Ibrahim; Nahum, Mendez Sanchez; Nawaz, Arif; Negro, Francesco; Ninburg, Michael; Ning, Qing; Ntiri-Reid, Boatemaa; Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn; Oevrehus, Anne; Ormeci, Necati; Orrego, Mauricio; Osman, Alaa; Oyunsuren, Tsendsuren; Pant, Calvin; Papaevangelou, Vassiliki; Papatheodoridis, George; Popping, Stephanie; Prasad, Papu; Prithiviputh, Rittoo; Qureshi, Huma; Ramji, Alnoor; Razavi-Shearer, Kathryn; Reddy, Rajender; Remak, William; Richter, Clemens; Ridruejo, Ezequiel; Robaeys, Geert; Robert, Stuart; Roberts, Lewis; Roudot-Thoraval, Francoise; Saab, Sammy; Said, Sanaa; Salamat, Amjad; Sanai, Faisal; Sanchez-Avila, Juan Francisco; Schiff, Eugene; Schinazi, Raymond; Sebastiani, Giada; Seguin-Devaux, Carole; Shanmugam, R. P.; Sharara, Ala; Shilton, Sonjelle; Shouval, Daniel; Sievert, William; Simonova, Marieta; Sohrabpour, Amir Ali; Sonderup, Mark; Soza, Alejandro; Spearman, C. Wendy; Steinfurth, Nancy; Sulkowski, Mark; Tan, Soek-Siam; Tanaka, Junko; Tashi, Dhondup; Thein, Hla-Hla; Thompson, Peyton; Tolmane, Ieva; Toy, Mehlika; Valantinas, Jonas; Van de Vijver, David; Velez-Moller, Patricia; Vince, Adriana; Waked, Imam; Wang, Su; Wedemeyer, Heiner; Wong, Vincent; Xie, Qing; Yamada, Seiji; Yang, Hwai-, I; Yesmembetov, Kakharman; Yilmaz, Yusuf; Younossi, Zobair; Yu, Ming-Lung; Yuen, Man-Fung; Yurdaydin, Cihan; Yusuf, Aasim; Zekry, Amany; Zeuzem, Stefan
    The 69th World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Health Sector Strategy for Viral Hepatitis, embracing a goal to eliminate hepatitis infection as a public health threat by 2030. This was followed by the World Health Organization's (WHO) global targets for the care and management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. These announcements and targets were important in raising awareness and calling for action; however, tracking countries' progress towards these elimination goals has provided insights to the limitations of these targets. The existing targets compare a country's progress relative to its 2015 values, penalizing countries who started their programmes prior to 2015, countries with a young population, or countries with a low prevalence. We recommend that (1) WHO simplify the hepatitis elimination targets, (2) change to absolute targets and (3) allow countries to achieve these disease targets with their own service coverage initiatives that will have the maximum impact. The recommended targets are as follows: reduce HCV new chronic cases to <= 5 per 100 000, reduce HBV prevalence among 1-year-olds to <= 0.1%, reduce HBV and HCV mortality to <= 5 per 100 000, and demonstrate HBV and HCV year-to-year decrease in new HCV- and HBV-related HCC cases. The objective of our recommendations is not to lower expectations or diminish the hepatitis elimination standards, but to provide clearer targets that recognize the past and current elimination efforts by countries, help measure progress towards true elimination, and motivate other countries to follow suit.