Browsing by Author "Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca"

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    COVID-19 Living Overview of Evidence repository is highly comprehensive and can be used as a single source for COVID-19 studies
    (2022) Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Vergara, Camilo; Avila, Camila; Castro-Guevara, Javier A.; Cid, Josefina; Contreras, Valeria; Jara, Ivan; Jimenez, Valentina; Lee, Min Ha; Munoz, Magdalena; Rojas-Gomez, Ana Maria; Roson-Rodriguez, Pablo; Serrano-Arevalo, Karen; Silva-Ruz, Ivan; Vasquez-Laval, Juan; Zambrano-Achig, Paula; Zavadzki, Giovanna; Rada, Gabriel
    Background and Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 Living OVerview of Evidence (COVID-19 L$OVE) is a public repository and classification platformforCOVID-19 articles. The repository containsmore than 430,000 articles as of September 20, 2021 and intends to provide a one-stop shop for COVID-19 evidence. Considering that systematic reviews conduct high-quality searches, this study assesses the comprehensiveness and currency of the repository against the total number of studies in a representative sample of COVID-19 systematic reviews.
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    COVID-19 transmission during swimming-related activities : a rapid systematic review
    (2021) Yaacoub, Sally; Khabsa, Joanne; El-Khoury, Rayane; El-Harakeh, Amena; Lotfi, Tamara; Saad, Zahra; Itani, Zeina; Khamis, Assem M.; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Rada G., Gabriel
    Background: There are uncertainties about mitigating strategies for swimming-related activities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an opportunity to learn from the experience of previous re-openings to better plan the future one. Our objectives are to systematically review the evidence on (1) the association between engaging in swimming-related activities and COVID-19 transmission; and (2) the efects of strategies for preventing COVID-19 transmission during swimming-related activities. Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review. We searched in the L-OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence) plat‑form for COVID-19. The searches covered the period from the inception date of each database until April 19, 2021. We included non-randomized studies for the review on association of COVID-19 transmission and swimming-related activities. We included guidance documents reporting on the strategies for prevention of COVID-19 transmission during swimming-related activities. We also included studies on the efcacy and safety of the strategies. Teams of two reviewers independently assessed article eligibility. For the guidance documents, a single reviewer assessed the eligibility and a second reviewer verifed the judgement. Teams of two reviewers extracted data independently. We summarized the fndings of included studies narratively. We synthesized information from guidance documents according to the identifed topics and subtopics, and presented them in tabular and narrative formats. Results: We identifed three studies providing very low certainty evidence for the association between engaging in swimming-related activities and COVID-19 transmission. The analysis of 50 eligible guidance documents identifed 11 topics: ensuring social distancing, ensuring personal hygiene, using personal protective equipment, eating and drinking, maintaining the pool, managing frequently touched surfaces, ventilation of indoor spaces, screening and management of sickness, delivering frst aid, raising awareness, and vaccination. One study assessing the efcacy of strategies to prevent COVID-19 transmission did not fnd an association between compliance with precautionary restrictions and COVID-19 transmission. Conclusions: There are major gaps in the research evidence of relevance to swimming-related activities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the synthesis of the identifed strategies from guidance documents can inform public health management strategies for swimming-related activities, particularly in future re-opening plans.
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    Dental recommendations in the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review
    (2020) Vargas-Buratovic, Juan Pablo; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Véliz, Claudia P.; López-Tagle, Elizabeht; Ahumada-Salinas, Alexis; Ortuño Borroto, Duniel
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    Evidence synthesis relevant to COVID-19 : a protocol for multiple systematic reviews and overviews of systematic reviews
    (2020) Rada G., Gabriel; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Ávila, Camila; Morel-Marambio, Macarena; Bravo-Jeria, Rocío; Pesce, Franco; Madrid, Eva; Izcovich, Ariel
    Introduction: The evidence on COVID-19 is being produced at high speed, so it is challenging for decision-makers to keep up. It seems appropriate, then, to put into practice a novel approach able to provide the scientific community and other interested parties with quality evidence that is actionable, and rapidly and efficiently produced. Methods and analysis: We designed a protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews and overviews of systematic reviews in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). We will search for primary studies and systematic reviews that answer different questions related to COVID-19 using both a centralized repository (Epistemonikos database) and a manual search in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We will also search for literature in several other sources. At least two researchers will independently undertake the selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of the quality of the included studies. We will synthesize data for each question using meta-analysis, when possible, and we will prepare Summary of Findings tables according to the GRADE approach. All the evidence will be organized in an open platform (L·OVE - Living OVerview of Evidence) that will be continuously updated using artificial intelligence and a broad network of experts. Ethics and dissemination: No ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of these articles will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks, and traditional media, and will be sent to relevant international organizations discussing this topic.
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    Evidence-informed guidelines in oral health: insights from a systematic survey
    (2024) Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Rojas-Gómez, Ana M.; Wielandt, Vicente; Peña, Javiera; Silva-Ruz, Iván; Novillo, Francisco; Ávila-Oliver, Camila; Bonfill-Cosp, Xavier; Glick, Michael; Carrasco-Labra, Alonso
    Oral diseases are a major global public health problem, impacting the quality of life of those affected. While consensus exists on the importance of high-quality, evidence-informed guidelines to inform practice and public health decisions in medicine, appropriate methodologies and standards are not commonly adhered to among producers of oral health guidelines. This study aimed to systematically identify organizations that develop evidence-informed guidelines in oral health globally and survey the methodological process followed to formulate recommendations. Methods We searched numerous electronic databases, guideline repositories, and websites of guideline developers, scientific societies, and international organizations (January 2012–October 2023) to identify organizations that develop guidelines addressing any oral health topic and that explicitly declare the inclusion of research evidence in their development. Pairs of reviewers independently evaluated potentially eligible organizations according to predefined selection criteria and extracted data about the organization’s characteristics, key features of their guidelines, and the process followed when formulating formal recommendations. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and summarize data. Results We included 46 organizations that developed evidence-informed guidelines in oral health. The organizations were mainly professional associations and scientific societies (67%), followed by governmental organizations (28%). In total, organizations produced 55 different guideline document types, most of them containing recommendations for clinical practice (77%). Panels were primarily composed of healthcare professionals (87%), followed by research methodologists (40%), policymakers (24%), and patient partners (18%). Most (60%) of the guidelines reported their funding source, but only one out of three (33%) included a conflict of interest (COI) policy management. The methodology used in the 55 guideline document types varied across the organizations, but only 19 (35%) contained formal recommendations. Half (51%) of the guideline documents referred to a methodology handbook, 46% suggested a structured approach or system for rating the certainty of the evidence and the strength of recommendations, and 37% mentioned using a framework to move from evidence to decisions, with the GRADE-EtD being the most widely used (27%). Conclusion Our findings underscore the need for alignment and standardization of both terminology and methodologies used in oral health guidelines with current international standards to formulate trustworthy recommendations.
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    High-flow nasal cannula in adults with chronic respiratory diseases during physical exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (2024) Moya Gallardo, Eduardo Sebastián; Fajardo Gutiérrez, Jeniffer; Acevedo Encalada, Karol Stefanie; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Bravo Jeria, Rocío Paz; Ortiz Muñoz, Luis Eugenio; Contreras Briceño, Felipe; Espinosa Ramírez, Maximiliano Andrés
    Background: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) affect at least 545 million people globally, leading to symptoms such as dyspnoea, fatigue and limited physical activity. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programmes aim to improve the exercise capacity and quality of life of patients with CRD through exercise training. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy shows potential as an adjunct treatment during exercise, but its effects on CRD populations are unclear. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of HFNC during exercise in people with CRD.Methods: A systematic review was conducted and eight databases and other resources were searched from inception (28 June 2022) to 4 April 2023. Studies that used adult patients with CRD and randomised controlled trial that compared the effect of HFNC versus standard care (conventional oxygen therapy or room air) during exercise were included. Two authors independently selected trials, extracted the data, assessed risks of bias and employed the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach to judging the certainty of evidence. We pooled trials using random-effect models and inverse variance estimation.Results: Seventeen studies (n=8406) were included in the review (570 patients). The evidence suggests that HFNC increases exercise time after multiple training sessions (weighted mean difference (WMD)=160.58 s; 95% 95% CI=67.32-253.83, 2 studies) and increase after a single session (WMD=72.10 s; 95% CI=28.95-115.24, 11 studies). HFNC may result in little improvements in secondary outcomes (quality of life, dyspnoea, comfort, complications and adherence).Discussion: The evidence suggests that HFNC may increase functional exercise capacity and positively enhance secondary outcomes. Continued research is justified to elucidate the role of HFNC in PR during exercise training.
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    Improving Social Justice in COVID-19 Health Research: Interim Guidelines for Reporting Health Equity in Observational Studies
    (2021) Antequera, Alba; Lawson, Daeria O.; Noorduyn, Stephen G.; Dewidar, Omar; Avey, Marc; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Chamberlain, Catherine; Ellingwood, Holly; Francis, Damian; Funnell, Sarah; Ghogomu, Elizabeth; Greer-Smith, Regina; Horsley, Tanya; Juando-Prats, Clara; Jull, Janet; Kristjansson, Elizabeth; Little, Julian; Nicholls, Stuart G.; Nkangu, Miriam; Petticrew, Mark; Rada, Gabriel; Rizvi, Anita; Shamseer, Larissa; Sharp, Melissa K.; Tufte, Janice; Tugwell, Peter; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Wang, Harry; Wang, Xiaoqin; Mbuagbaw, Lawrence; Welch, Vivian
    The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the global imperative to address health inequities. Observational studies are a valuable source of evidence for real-world effects and impacts of implementing COVID-19 policies on the redistribution of inequities. We assembled a diverse global multi-disciplinary team to develop interim guidance for improving transparency in reporting health equity in COVID-19 observational studies. We identified 14 areas in the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist that need additional detail to encourage transparent reporting of health equity. We searched for examples of COVID-19 observational studies that analysed and reported health equity analysis across one or more social determinants of health. We engaged with Indigenous stakeholders and others groups experiencing health inequities to co-produce this guidance and to bring an intersectional lens. Taking health equity and social determinants of health into account contributes to the clinical and epidemiological understanding of the disease, identifying specific needs and supporting decision-making processes. Stakeholders are encouraged to consider using this guidance on observational research to help provide evidence to close the inequitable gaps in health outcomes.
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    Perceived Stress in Dentists and Dental Students of Latin America and the Caribbean during the Mandatory Social Isolation Measures for the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
    (2021) Leon-Manco, Roberto A.; Agudelo-Suarez, Andres A.; Armas-Vega, Ana; Figueiredo, Marcia Cancado; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Santana-Perez, Yrma; Viteri-Garcia, Andres
    This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically considering the mandatory social isolation measures implemented, on the perceived stress of a sample of dentists and dental students from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the associated sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 2036 dentists and dental students (1433 women). For the main outcome, the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) was used. The survey also questioned sociodemographic aspects, questions on the COVID-19 pandemic, health variables, and habits. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses (linear regression) were applied to observe the factors associated with perceived stress. The PSS-14 mean score was 24.76 (+/- 11.76). Hierarchical regression models showed significant variables associated with the PSS-14 scores: income level during mandatory social isolation, having older adults under care during mandatory social isolation, self-perceived level of concern regarding COVID-19, self-perceived health, Coffee consumption during mandatory social isolation. In general terms, the pandemic has influenced the personal, social, labor, and everyday life of dental staff and affected the mental health of this population specifically when perceived stress is considered. Public policies, strategies, and mental health surveillance systems are required for this population.
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    Pulmonary rehabilitation for COVID-19: A living systematic review protocolRehabilitación pulmonar en COVID-19: protocolo de una revisión sistemática viva
    (2021) Arce Pardo, Stefanie Giselle; Lai Guerrero, Shuheng Alice; Ortiz Muñoz, Luis Eugenio; Bravo-Jeria, Rocío; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Rada Giacaman, Gabriel Alejandro
    Objective: This living systematic review aims to provide a timely, rigorous and continuously updated summary of the evidence available on the role of pulmonary rehabilitation in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Design: This is the protocol of a living systematic review. Data sources: We will conduct searches in the L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence) platform for COVID-19, a system that maps PICO questions to a repository maintained through regular searches in electronic databases, preprint servers, trial registries and other resources relevant to COVID-19. No date or language restrictions will be applied. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methods: We adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will include randomized trials evaluating the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation as monotherapy or in combination with other interventions-versus sham or no treatment in patients with COVID-19. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will pool the results using meta-analysis and will apply the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. Ethics and dissemination: No ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of this review will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media.Objetivo: Proporcionar un resumen oportuno, riguroso y continuamente actualizado de la evidencia disponible sobre el papel de la rehabilitación pulmonar en el tratamiento de los pacientes con COVID-19. Diseño: Es el protocolo de una revisión sistemática viva. Fuente de datos: Realizaremos búsquedas en la plataforma L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence) para COVID-19, un sistema que mapea los componentes de las preguntas de investigación (PICO) en un repositorio mantenido a través de búsquedas regulares en bases de datos electrónicas, servidores de pre-impresión, registros de ensayos y otros recursos relevantes para COVID-19. No se aplicarán restricciones de fecha ni de idioma. Criterios de elegibilidad para la selección de estudios y métodos: Se adaptó un protocolo común ya publicado para revisiones sistemáticas paralelas múltiples a las especificidades de la pregunta. Se incluirán ensayos aleatorios que evalúen el efecto de la rehabilitación pulmonar como monoterapia o en combinación con otras intervenciones frente a un tratamiento simulado o ningún tratamiento en pacientes con COVID-19. Dos revisores examinarán de forma independiente cada estudio para determinar su elegibilidad, extraerán los datos y evaluarán el riesgo de sesgo. Se agruparán los resultados mediante un metaanálisis y se aplicará el sistema Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) para evaluar la certeza de las pruebas para cada resultado. Ética y difusión: No se considera necesaria la aprobación ética. Los resultados de esta revisión se difundirán ampliamente a través de publicaciones revisadas por pares, redes sociales y medios de comunicación tradicionales.
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    Therapeutic exercise to improve motor function among children with Down Syndrome aged 0 to 3 years: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
    (2022) Rodriguez-Grande, Eliana-Isabel; Buitrago-Lopez, Adriana; Torres-Narvaez, Martha-Rocio; Serrano-Villar, Yannely; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Avila, Camila
    The effects and the prescription parameters of therapeutic exercise are not clear. For this reason, is needed to determine the effect of therapeutic exercises on the motor function of children with Down Syndrome (DS) aged 0 to 3 years. The present study is systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness outcomes in this population: gait, balance, motor development, fine motor skills, and executive functions. The databases of PubMed, PEDro, EMBASE, SCIELO, Lilacs, Cochrane library were searched from January to December 2019. We recruited Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) which met the inclusion criteria in our study. Six studies and 151 participants were included. Two types of therapeutic exercises, aerobic and neuromuscular, were identified. Both types of exercise were effective in improving outcomes. There were no differences between the modes of application of the exercise. No differences were identified between the treadmill and the physiotherapy plan for the reduction of the time to reach independent walking, Mean Difference (MD) 46.79, 95% Confidence Interval (IC) (- 32.60, 126.19), nor for the increase in walking speed MD 0.10 IC (- 0.02, 0.21) m/s. This study suggests that aerobic exercise therapy has a potentially effective role to promote the gait and motor development of children with DS aged 0 to 3 years when it is applied using a treadmill with a frequency of 5 days, a duration of 6-8 min, and an intensity of between 0.2 and 0.5 m/s. Studies with less heterogeneity and larger sample sizes are required.