Browsing by Author "Vela J."

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    Colopleural fistula as a rare presentation of mucormycotic infection
    (Springer, 2023) Jarry C.; Rissios J.P.; Vela J.; Solovera M.E.; Bannura F.; Larach J.T.; CEDEUS (Chile)
    © 2022 European Mathematical Society.Let G be the topological fundamental group of a given nonsingular complex projective surface. We prove that the Chern slopes c12(S)/c2(S) of minimal nonsingular surfaces of general type S with π1(S) ≃ G are dense in the interval [1; 3].
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    Improving Medical Student Performance With Unsupervised Simulation and Remote Asynchronous Feedback
    (2024) Varas J.; Belmar F.; Fuentes J.; Vela J.; Contreras C.; Letelier L.M.; Riquelme A.; Asbun D.; Abbott E.F.; Escalona G.; Alseidi A.; O'Sullivan P.; Villagran I.
    © 2024 Association of Program Directors in SurgeryObjective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of training medical students to perform two clinical procedures using unsupervised simulation with remote asynchronous feedback, compared to an intensive workshop with in-person feedback. Design, Setting, and Participants: Third-year medical students were recruited and randomized into 2 groups: Thoracentesis or paracentesis. Within each group, participants were further randomized into either unsupervised simulation with remote asynchronous feedback (experimental group; EG) or a 2-hour workshop (control group; CG). The EG underwent two unsupervised 20-minute training sessions and received remote asynchronous feedback. The CG had a 2-hour workshop where they received in-person feedback. After training, students were assessed using the objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) scale. Twenty students in thoracentesis and 23 in paracentesis training completed the 2 training sessions with remote and asynchronous feedback, and 30 students for both thoracentesis and paracentesis groups completed the 2-hour workshop. Results: The EG achieved a significantly higher passing rate than the CG on both procedures (thoracentesis 80% vs. 43%, paracentesis 91% vs. 67%, p-value< 0.05). Conclusion: The asynchronous educational method allowed EG students to achieve higher performance than CG students. This novel modality allowed students and instructors to train and assess at their own pace.
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    Validity Argument for a Simulation-Based Objective Structured Clinical Examination Scenario for Evaluation of Surgical Skills in Trauma
    (Academic Press Inc., 2021) Ortiz C.; Belmar F.; Vela J.; Contreras C.; Inzunza M.; Varas J.; Jarufe N.; Achurra P.; Ramos J.P.; Zinco A.; Rebolledo R.; Alseidi A.
    © 2021 Elsevier Inc.Background: Trauma is one of the main causes of death globally, and appropriate surgical care is crucial to impact mortality. However, resident-performed trauma cases have diminished in the last 10 years. Simulation-based tools have proven to be effective to evaluate practical skills in a variety of settings. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding proper validation of trauma surgery models. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate under a contemporary validity framework, an objective structured clinical evaluation (OSCE) scenario for the assessment of basic and advanced surgical skills in trauma and emergency surgery. Methods: An OSCE-type simulation assessment program was developed incorporating six stations representing basic and advanced surgical skills that are essential in trauma surgery. Each station was designed using ex-vivo animal tissue. The stations included basic knots and sutures, bowel resection and anastomosis, vascular end-to-end anastomosis, lung injury repair, cardiac injury repair, and laparoscopic suturing. Eight postgraduate year 2 (PY-2), eight recently graduated surgeons (RGS), and 3 experts were recruited, and their performance was blindly assessed by experts using the validated general rating scale OSATS (Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills) as well as the time taken to complete the procedure. Results: Significant differences were identified among groups. The average OSATS score was 82 for the PY2 group, 113 for the RGS group, and 147 for the experts (P < 0.01). The average procedural time to complete all the stations was 98 minutes for the PY2 group, 68 minutes for the RGS group, and 35 minutes for the expert surgeons (P < 0.01). Conclusion: An OSCE scenario designed using ex-vivo tissue met 4 out of 5 criteria of the Messick validity framework: content, relation to other variables, response process and consequences of the test. The results show it is a valid strategy for the evaluation of practical skills in trauma surgery.