Browsing by Author "Van Assche, Jasper"

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    Observing many researchers using the same data and hypothesis reveals a hidden universe of uncertainty
    (2022) Breznau, Nate; Rinke, Eike Mark; Wuttke, Alexander; Nguyen, Hung H. V.; Adem, Muna; Adriaans, Jule; Alvarez-Benjumea, Amalia; Andersen, Henrik K.; Auer, Daniel; Azevedo, Flavio; Bahnsen, Oke; Balzer, Dave; Bauer, Gerrit; Bauer, Paul C.; Baumann, Markus; Baute, Sharon; Benoit, Verena; Bernauer, Julian; Berning, Carl; Berthold, Anna; Bethke, Felix S.; Biegert, Thomas; Blinzler, Katharina; Blumenberg, Johannes N.; Bobzien, Licia; Bohman, Andrea; Bol, Thijs; Bostic, Amie; Brzozowska, Zuzanna; Burgdorf, Katharina; Burger, Kaspar; Busch, Kathrin B.; Carlos-Castillo, Juan; Chan, Nathan; Christmann, Pablo; Connelly, Roxanne; Czymara, Christian S.; Damian, Elena; Ecker, Alejandro; Edelmann, Achim; Eger, Maureen A.; Ellerbrock, Simon; Forke, Anna; Forster, Andrea; Gaasendam, Chris; Gavras, Konstantin; Gayle, Vernon; Gessler, Theresa; Gnambs, Timo; Godefroidt, Amelie; Groemping, Max; Gross, Martin; Gruber, Stefan; Gummer, Tobias; Hadjar, Andreas; Heisig, Jan Paul; Hellmeier, Sebastian; Heyne, Stefanie; Hirsch, Magdalena; Hjerm, Mikael; Hochman, Oshrat; Hovermann, Andreas; Hunger, Sophia; Hunkler, Christian; Huth, Nora; Ignacz, Zsofia S.; Jacobs, Laura; Jacobsen, Jannes; Jaeger, Bastian; Jungkunz, Sebastian; Jungmann, Nils; Kauff, Mathias; Kleinert, Manuel; Klinger, Julia; Kolb, Jan-Philipp; Kolczynska, Marta; Kuk, John; Kunissen, Katharina; Sinatra, Dafina Kurti; Langenkamp, Alexander; Lersch, Philipp M.; Lobel, Lea-Maria; Lutscher, Philipp; Mader, Matthias; Madia, Joan E.; Malancu, Natalia; Maldonado, Luis; Marahrens, Helge; Martin, Nicole; Martinez, Paul; Mayerl, Jochen; Mayorga, Oscar J.; McManus, Patricia; McWagner, Kyle; Meeusen, Cecil; Meierrieks, Daniel; Mellon, Jonathan; Merhout, Friedolin; Merk, Samuel; Meyer, Daniel; Micheli, Leticia; Mijs, Jonathan; Moya, Cristobal; Neunhoeffer, Marcel; Nust, Daniel; Nygard, Olav; Ochsenfeld, Fabian; Otte, Gunnar; Pechenkina, Anna O.; Prosser, Christopher; Raes, Louis; Ralston, Kevin; Ramos, Miguel R.; Roets, Arne; Rogers, Jonathan; Ropers, Guido; Samuel, Robin; Sand, Gregor; Schachter, Ariela; Schaeffer, Merlin; Schieferdecker, David; Schlueter, Elmar; Schmidt, Regine; Schmidt, Katja M.; Schmidt-Catran, Alexander; Schmiedeberg, Claudia; Schneider, J. Urgen; Schoonvelde, Martijn; Schulte-Cloos, Julia; Schumann, Sandy; Schunck, Reinhard; Schupp, J. Urgen; Seuring, Julian; Silber, Henning; Sleegers, Willem; Sonntag, Nico; Staudt, Alexander; Steiber, Nadia; Steiner, Nils; Sternberg, Sebastian; Stiers, Dieter; Stojmenovska, Dragana; Storz, Nora; Striessnig, Erich; Stroppe, Anne-Kathrin; Teltemann, Janna; Tibajev, Andrey; Tung, Brian; Vagni, Giacomo; Van Assche, Jasper; van der Linden, Meta; van der Noll, Jolanda; Van Hootegem, Arno; Vogtenhuber, Stefan; Voicu, Bogdan; Wagemans, Fieke; Wehl, Nadja; Werner, Hannah; Wiernik, Brenton M.; Winter, Fabian; Wolf, Christof; Yamada, Yuki; Zhang, Nan; Ziller, Conrad; Zins, Stefan; Zoltak, Tomasz
    This study explores how researchers' analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis. We coordinated 161 researchers in 73 research teams and observed their research decisions as they used the same data to independently test the same prominent social science hypothesis: that greater immigration reduces support for social policies among the public. In this typical case of social science research, research teams reported both widely diverging numerical findings and substantive conclusions despite identical start conditions. Researchers' expertise, prior beliefs, and expectations barely predict the wide variation in research outcomes. More than 95% of the total variance in numerical results remains unexplained even after qualitative coding of all identifiable decisions in each team's workflow. This reveals a universe of uncertainty that remains hidden when considering a single study in isolation. The idiosyncratic nature of how researchers' results and conclusions varied is a previously underappreciated explanation for why many scientific hypotheses remain contested. These results call for greater epistemic humility and clarity in reporting scientific findings.
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    R-E-S-P-E-C-T, find out what it means to mixing: Testing novel emotional mediators of intergroup contact effects
    (2024) Acar, Berfin; Van Assche, Jasper; Velarde, Sofia Ardaya; Gonzalez, Roberto; Lay, Siugmin; Rao, Sumedh; McKeown, Shelley
    Although numerous studies have documented the robust effect of positive intergroup contact experiences in reducing prejudice and improving positive attitudes towards outgroups, intergroup contact theory is still expanding and developing. In contribution to this expansion, the current studies tackled four caveats extending the literature on widely studied angles of intergroup contact and bringing in the contribution of novel emotional mediators in contact effects. First, we examined whether contact experiences also related to social change indicators beyond prejudice, namely, attitudes towards personal and general mixing. Secondly, we included both positive and negative forms of intergroup contact in the majority of the studies we report. Thirdly, we introduced outgroup respect and understanding as novel emotional mediators of contact effects. Finally, we investigated variations of our hypothesized path models in several intergroup contexts across 6 countries and 21 studies (total N = 12,859), a) looking at interethnic and interreligious contact among advantaged and disadvantaged groups, b) tackling different forms of contact such extended contact, close friendships, and secondary transfer effects, and c) testing for longitudinal effects. We have shown evidence that positive experiences with outgroups are positively related to pro-mixing attitudes, via increased levels of outgroup respect and also outgroup understanding, the latter being observed in inter/ethnoreligious contexts. We discuss these findings in light of other recent advancements within the larger framework of intergroup contact research.