Browsing by Author "Tognarelli, Eduardo I."

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Herpes simplex virus 2 infection: molecular association with HIV and novel microbicides to prevent disease
    (2015) Suazo, Paula A.; Tognarelli, Eduardo I.; Kalergis Parra, Alexis Mikes; González Muñoz, Pablo Alberto
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    Modulation of Endosome Function, Vesicle Trafficking and Autophagy by Human Herpesviruses
    (2021) Tognarelli, Eduardo I.; Reyes, Antonia; Corrales, Nicolás; Carreño, Leandro J.; Bueno, Susan M.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; González Pablo A.
    Human herpesviruses are a ubiquitous family of viruses that infect individuals of all ages and are present at a high prevalence worldwide. Herpesviruses are responsible for a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from skin and mucosal lesions to blindness and life-threatening encephalitis, and some of them, such as Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are known to be oncogenic. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that some herpesviruses may be associated with developing neurodegenerative diseases. These viruses can establish lifelong infections in the host and remain in a latent state with periodic reactivations. To achieve infection and yield new infectious viral particles, these viruses require and interact with molecular host determinants for supporting their replication and spread. Important sets of cellular factors involved in the lifecycle of herpesviruses are those participating in intracellular membrane trafficking pathways, as well as autophagic-based organelle recycling processes. These cellular processes are required by these viruses for cell entry and exit steps. Here, we review and discuss recent findings related to how herpesviruses exploit vesicular trafficking and autophagy components by using both host and viral gene products to promote the import and export of infectious viral particles from and to the extracellular environment. Understanding how herpesviruses modulate autophagy, endolysosomal and secretory pathways, as well as other prominent trafficking vesicles within the cell, could enable the engineering of novel antiviral therapies to treat these viruses and counteract their negative health effects.
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    Muscarinic ACh receptors contribute to aversive olfactory learning in drosophila
    (2015) Silva, Bryon; Molina Fernández, Claudia; Ugalde, María Beatriz; Tognarelli, Eduardo I.; Angel, Cristian; Campusano Astorga, Jorge Mauricio
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    Pharmacological Inhibition of IRE-1 Alpha Activity in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2-Infected Dendritic Cells Enhances T Cell Activation
    (2022) Tognarelli, Eduardo I.; Retamal-Diaz, Angello; Farias, Monica A.; Duarte, Luisa F.; Palomino, Tomas F.; Ibanez, Francisco J.; Riedel, Claudia A.; Kalergis, Alexis M.; Bueno, Susan M.; Gonzalez, Pablo A.
    Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) infections are life-long and highly prevalent in the human population. These viruses persist in the host, eliciting either symptomatic or asymptomatic infections that may occur sporadically or in a recurrent manner through viral reactivations. Clinical manifestations due to symptomatic infection may be mild such as orofacial lesions, but may also translate into more severe diseases, such as ocular infections that may lead to blindness and life-threatening encephalitis. A key feature of herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) is that they have evolved molecular determinants that hamper numerous components of the host's antiviral innate and adaptive immune system. Importantly, HSVs infect and negatively modulate the function of dendritic cells (DCs), by inhibiting their T cell-activating capacity and eliciting their apoptosis after infection. Previously, we reported that HSV-2 activates the splicing of the mRNA of XBP1, which is related to the activity of the unfolded protein response (UPR) factor Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1 alpha (IRE-1 alpha). Here, we sought to evaluate if the activation of the IRE-1 alpha pathway in DCs upon HSV infection may be related to impaired DC function after infection with HSV-1 or HSV-2. Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of the endonuclease activity of IRE-1 alpha in HSV-1- and HSV-2-infected DCs significantly reduced apoptosis in these cells and enhanced their capacity to migrate to lymph nodes and activate virus-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. These findings suggest that the activation of the IRE-1 alpha-dependent UPR pathway in HSV-infected DCs may play a significant role in the negative effects that these viruses exert over these cells and that the modulation of this signaling pathway may be relevant for enhancing the function of DCs upon infection with HSVs.
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    US6 Gene Deletion in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Enhances Dendritic Cell Function and T Cell Activation
    (2017) Retamal Díaz, Angello Ricardo; Weiss, Kayla A.; Tognarelli, Eduardo I.; Freire, Mariela; Bueno Ramírez, Susan; Herold, Betsy C.; Jacobs Jr., William R.; González Muñoz, Pablo Alberto