Browsing by Author "Sweeny K."

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    International optimism: Correlates and consequences of dispositional optimism across 61 countries
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2021) Baranski E.; Sweeny K.; Gardiner G.; Funder D.C.; Beramendi M.; Bastian B.; Neubauer A.; Cortez D.; Roth E.; Torres A.; Zanini D.S.; Petkova K.; Tracy J.; Amiot C.; Pelletier-Dumas M.; González R.; Rosenbluth A.; Salgado S.; Guan Y.; Yang Y.; Forero D.A.; Camargo A.; Papastefanakis E.; Spyridaki I.; Kritsotakis G.; Fragkiadaki E.; Jerneic Ž.; Hrebícková M.; Graf S.; Strøbæk P.; Realo A.; Becker A.; Maisonneuve C.; El-Astal S.; Gamsakhurdia V.L.; Ziegler M.; Penke L.; Rauthmann J.; Buchtel E.E.; Wai-Lan Yeung V.; Kun Á.; Gadanecz P.; Vass Z.; Smohai M.; Das A.; Lavalekar A.; Aurelia M.Z.; Kinayung D.; Gaffar V.; Sullivan G.; Day C.; Rechter E.; Gnisci A.; Sergi I.; Senese V.P.; Perugini M.; Costantini G.; Komiya A.; Sato T.; Nakata Y.; Kawamoto S.; Al-Zoubi M.; Owsley N.; Jang C.; Mburu G.; Ngina I.; Dimdins G.; Barkauskiene R.; Laurinavicius A.; Mastor K.A.; Kruse E.; Ramírez-Esparza N.; Denissen J.; Aken M.V.; Fischer R.; Onyishi I.E.; Ogba K.T.; Leknes S.; Holen V.W.; Hansen I.; Tamnes C.K.; Klæva K.; Rizwan M.; Kausar R.; Khan N.; Espinosa A.; Cecilia M.G.C.(.; Quiñones D.M.A.; Szarota P.; Izdebski P.; Kotysko M.; Henriques-Calado J.; Sava F.A.; Lvova O.; Pogrebitskaya V.; Allakhverdov M.; Manichev S.; Barry O.; Smederevac S.; Colovic P.; Mitrovic D.; Oljaca M.; Hong R.; Halama P.; Musek J.; Kock F.D.; Han G.; Suh E.M.(.; Choi S.; Boonyasiriwat W.; Saribay A.; Somer O.; Akalin P.K.; Baguma P.K.; Vinogradov A.; Zhuravlova L.; Rentfrow J.; Conner M.; Tullett A.; Ramírez-Esparza N.; Colman D.E.; Cheng J.T.; Stocks E.; Thu Bui H.T.
    © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Objective: The current exploratory study sought to examine dispositional optimism, or the general expectation for positive outcomes, around the world. Method: Dispositional optimism and possible correlates were assessed across 61 countries (N = 15,185; mean age = 21.92; 77% female). Mean-level differences in optimism were computed along with their relationships with individual and country-level variables. Results: Worldwide, mean optimism levels were above the midpoint of the scale. Perhaps surprisingly, country-level optimism was negatively related to gross domestic product per capita, population density, and democratic norms and positively related to income inequality and perceived corruption. However, country-level optimism was positively related to projected economic improvement. Individual-level optimism was positively related to individual well-being within every country, although this relationship was less strong in countries with challenging economic and social circumstances. Conclusions: While individuals around the world are generally optimistic, societal characteristics appear to affect the degree to which their optimism is associated with psychological well-being, sometimes in seemingly anomalous ways.