Browsing by Author "Steiniger, Stefan"
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- ItemA service-oriented architecture to enable participatory planning: an e-planning platform(2015) Poorazizi, M. Ebrahim; Steiniger, Stefan; Hunter, Andrew J. S.Recent advances in Web technologies have opened avenues to create socio-technical platforms that can empower citizens in urban planning processes. The rise of the GeoWeb and the popularity of Web 2.0 collaborative tools can facilitate the development of a new generation of bottom-up Public Participatory GIS (PPGIS) platforms that can incorporate user-generated content into Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs). New service-based delivery mechanisms can provide architectural flexibility and adaptability, and enable the public to benefit from ubiquitous information access. From an e-participation perspective, Web 2.0 social networking functions support interactive communication among various PPGIS stakeholders, e.g., citizens, planners, and decision makers. The main contribution of this article is to present a reference architecture for e-planning platforms that (1) facilitates effective e-participation by allowing multidirectional map-based communication among various land development stakeholders (e.g., planners, decision makers, citizens, etc.), and (2) enables incorporation of visualization, evaluation, and discussion capabilities to support community planning processes. To achieve this, we developed a service-oriented architecture (SOA) that exploits SDI principles and Web 2.0 technologies. The platform architecture allows heterogeneous data sources, analytical functionality and tools, and presentation frameworks to be plugged into a coherent system to provide a planning and decision support platform. We present two real-world implementations of the proposed architecture that have been developed to support community engagement in the City of Calgary, Canada.
- ItemA Volunteered Geographic Information Framework to Enable Bottom-Up Disaster Management Platforms(MDPI, 2015) Poorazizi, Mohammad Ebrahim; Hunter, Andrew J. S.; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)Recent disasters, such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, have drawn attention to the potential role of citizens as active information producers. By using location-aware devices such as smartphones to collect geographic information in the form of geo-tagged text, photos, or videos, and sharing this information through online social media, such as Twitter, citizens create Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). To effectively use this information for disaster management, we developed a VGI framework for the discovery of VGI. This framework consists of four components: (i) a VGI brokering module to provide a standard service interface to retrieve VGI from multiple resources based on spatial, temporal, and semantic parameters; (ii) a VGI quality control component, which employs semantic filtering and cross-referencing techniques to evaluate VGI; (iii) a VGI publisher module, which uses a service-based delivery mechanism to disseminate VGI, and (iv) a VGI discovery component to locate, browse, and query metadata about available VGI datasets. In a case study we employed a FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) strategy, open standards/specifications, and free/open data to show the utility of the framework. We demonstrate that the framework can facilitate data discovery for disaster management. The addition of quality metrics and a single aggregated source of relevant crisis VGI will allow users to make informed policy choices that could save lives, meet basic humanitarian needs earlier, and perhaps limit environmental and economic damage.
- ItemAcceder caminando a los humedales urbanos: una opotunidad de recreación y bienestar(Universidad del Bío Bío, 2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Jorquera Guajardo, Felipe Ignacio; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)Los humedales de las ciudades chilenas constituyen uno de los ecosistemas urbanos más afectados por los desarrollos inmobiliarios. A pesar de sus valores en recreación y en biodiversidad, sufren una constante pérdida de superficie, debido a deficientes procesos de planificación urbana. Sin embargo, ante el auge de las ciudades verdes y sustentables, se están revalorizando por medio de proyectos de restauración y de parques urbanos abiertos, de valor natural para el bienestar de los hábitats y la población. En este sentido, propiciar una accesibilidad con una infraestructura adecuada aportará a mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes y por supuesto del entorno urbano, concretamente a través de la integración de infraestructura verde-azul (blue-green infrastructure). Con la finalidad de contribuir al acceso a la naturaleza en ciudades, se realiza aquí un análisis de accesibilidad a pie, a una red de humedales llamada “La Ruta del Agua”, mediante una encuesta de percepción. Los humedales urbanos evaluados son 5 ecosistemas con distintos entornos barriales en Concepción Metropolitano (Chile). Si bien se trata de un caso de estudio local, representa una contribución metodológica relevante, dada la existencia de una gran cantidad de humedales urbanos degradados en Latinoamérica y en peligro de desaparecer. Los resultados de acceso muestran que los humedales son accesibles por vía de la caminata, pero el hecho de que sean poco visitados, pese a su cercanía a las zonas residenciales, revela su falta de integración como espacios abiertos, verdes, ricos en biodiversidad y aptos para la recreación en la ciudad de Concepción. Los resultados de este estudio son valiosos para el diseño de futuros de proyectos de parques en humedales, parques que deben considerar los valores ecosistémicos, la biodiversidad y la recreación para el bienestar de las personas.
- ItemAccesoBarrio - Medición de la accesibilidad urbana usando perfiles demográficos y Openstreetmap Neighborhood access(2018) Steiniger, Stefan; Fuentes, Cristian; Villegas, Rodrigo; Ardiles, Ricardo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Poorazizi, Ebrahim
- ItemAccessibility and ageing neighbourhoods: a cluster-based taxonomy to promote ageing in place(2025) Vecchio, Giovanni; Medina de Cortillas, Diego; Steiniger, Stefan; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; CEDEUS, Chile; Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoAgeing in place is an established policy option to adapt existing urban settings to the needs of an increasingly older and rapidly ageing population. The possibility to access facilities and services is fundamental in this sense, but accessibility to relevant urban opportunities changes according to the places taken into account, affecting a neighbourhood potential for promoting ageing in place. In this paper, we aim to identify typologies of ageing neighbourhoods according to the access they provide to significant places and services. We propose a taxonomy based on (1) the concentration of older people, (2) their socioeconomic standing, (3) the amount of opportunities available within walking distance, and (4) the possibility of reaching public transport as a precondition to access valued opportunities in other areas of a city. Our analysis focuses on Santiago de Chile, a metropolis representative of other unequal, rapidly ageing Global South urban settings. We identify ageing neighbourhoods using hierarchical cluster analysis, and we define six categories according to the access they provide to relevant urban opportunities. Such accessibility-based taxonomy of ageing neighbourhoods can be relevant for promoting ageing in place cities, identifying what planning and policy actions are better suited to enhance accessibility to urban opportunities.
- ItemBuilding a geographic data repository for urban research with free software - Learning from Observatorio.Cedeus.cl(2017) Steiniger, Stefan; De La Fuente, H.; Fuentes, C.; Barton Jonathan Richard; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan CarlosThe recent trend towards open data and open science as well as a demand for holistic and interdisciplinary research requires platforms that allow the distribution and exchange of research data, including geographic information. While the requirements and benefits of data exchange are widely discussed, there are few proposals on how to implement data platforms that not only permit the exchange of research data among researchers, but also permit to distribute research results and data to the interest public. We elaborate what points are important for implementing a (geographic) data repository and propose then to adopt the concept of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) as a solution for the implementation of research data repositories. We present as a case study the geographic data and document repository of the Chilean research Centre on Sustainable Urban Development (CEDEUS), the CEDEUS Observatory. Besides the infrastructure to host and distribute data, communication tools are an important component of such a data repository service. For this case study we analyse which things have worked well and which things have not worked well based on the experiences collected during three years of operation. We close with some recommendations for the implementation of data repositories for research.
- ItemComparing green spaces provision and accessibility indicators over a latitudinal gradient and multiple climate zones(ELSEVIER GMBH, 2023) De la Barrera, Francisco; Reyes Paecke, Sonia; Truffello, Ricardo; De la Fuente, Helen E.; Salinas, Valentina; Villegas, Rodrigo A.; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)Monitoring urban green space (UGS) indicators is key to assessing progress against the UNs sustainable devel-opment goals (SDGs). Within these indicators, measuring the provision of UGS as well as its accessibility is considered a major objective. However, neither the relationship between the two indicators, nor differences related to different types of UGS have been adequately evaluated. In this paper, these two indicators are calculated and analyzed for four size-based types of UGS and for 69 municipalities, which are part of the 16 regional capital cities of Chile. For the provision indicator, the average calculated over all municipalities does not reach the often proposed standard of 11 sq.m/inhab., but only 5.29 sq.m/inhab. Regarding the accessibility indicator, when a walking speed of 4 km/h is considered, the smaller residential green spaces have the highest accessibility (65 % of the population have access), but accessibility for larger GS is low. When a walking speed of 2 km/h is assumed, then accessibility drops to 29 %, 5 %, 5 % and 5 % respectively. We found that calculation results for the four types of UGS are statistically different, and therefore one type cannot replace another in case of monitoring: Higher UGS provision does not guarantee higher accessibility.
- ItemDevelopment and Operationalisation of Local Sustainability Indicators - A Global South Perspective on Data Challenges and Opportunities for GIScience(Schloss Dagstuhl- Leibniz-Zentrum fur Informatik GmbH, Dagstuhl Publishing, 2023) Steiniger, Stefan; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Truffello Robledo, Ricardo Enrique; Barton Jonathan, RichardEvaluating and monitoring the sustainable development of nations and cities requires sets of indicators. Such indicator sets should measure equity, health, environmental, or governmental progress or recess - among other sustainability aspects. In 2015 the United Nations ratified 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) assessed through 231 indicators. However, other - local - sets of indicators have been developed too. In this paper we review geodata challenges that emerged when we developed four sustainability indicator sets in Chile. Faced challenges include (geo)data availability and data representativeness, among others. We analyse how GIScience knowledge has contributed to indicator development and outline three priority research topics: (i) updating indicators based on automated processes, while respecting representativeness, (ii) tools for planning scenario generation, and (iii) methods for short- and long-term forecasting.
- ItemElderly Walking Access to Street Markets in Chile: An Asset for Food Security in an Unequal Country(2023) Rojas Quezada Carolina Alejandra; Castillo, Bryan; Villegas, Rodrigo; Vecchio, Giovanni; Steiniger, Stefan; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; CEDEUS (Chile)Street markets can contribute to food security, since they are a source of fresh food and comparably inexpensive goods, being very relevant for low-income groups. Their relevance is even higher when considering older people, due to their often-constrained financial resources and possibilities to move. To assess the potential contribution of street markets to food security, this paper aims at evaluating to what extent older people have access to such a relevant asset. We consider the case of Chile, an ageing country with an unequal pension system, which makes it relevant for older people to access healthy and inexpensive food. We analyze what proportion of older people (i.e., people over 65) has walking access within 10 min to a street market—feria libre—in each Chilean region, with particular detail in the country’s four major urban areas. We compare the resulting accessibility maps with census data to identify neighborhoods with higher proportions of older people and examine their socio-economic conditions. Our findings show that while street markets are less accessible to older people in comparison to the general population, the inhabitants who can access them belong mainly to low-income groups. The results provide relevant insights to develop neighborhood-based policies for spreading and strengthening street markets, especially in low-income areas with insufficient levels of access to other relevant urban opportunities.
- ItemEnvejecer en la playa. La emergente migración de personas mayores hacia el Litoral Central de Chile (1987-2017)(Universidad Austral de Chile, 2023) Vecchio, Giovanni; Castillo Mendoza, Bryan Williams; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)La migración de las personas mayores hacia zonas costeras es un fenómeno común en los países del Norte global, pero también puede ser significativo en regiones que están envejeciendo gradualmente, como América Latina. En este estudio, investigamos si también se produce migración de personas mayores hacia zonas costeras en Chile –país del Sur global que envejece rápidamente– a pesar de las condiciones socioeconómicas desfavorables para la mayoría de su población mayor. Tomando como caso de estudio el Litoral Central de Chile, se realiza un análisis cuantitativo de datos censales (1992, 2002 y 2017) para observar la evolución de la población de municipios costeros que no pertenecen a áreas metropolitanas y donde los procesos de urbanización han sido más intensos. Los resultados muestran que también habría migración de personas mayores hacia zonas costeras hacia el Litoral Central de Chile, aunque la condición socioeconómica de estas personas emerge como una característica importante que explica la participación en la migración hacia zonas costeras y la elección de los destinos de reubicación
- ItemFair transport policies for older people: accessibility and affordability of public transport in Santiago, Chile(SPRINGER, 2022) Vecchio, Giovanni; Tiznado-Aitken, Ignacio; Castillo, Bryan; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)In this paper, we test how different public transport policy scenarios score in terms of fairness for a specific population group, considering a more complex representation of mobility-related inequalities and the policy implications of transport justice. To do so, we assess potential accessibility to public transport in Santiago de Chile under different policy scenarios, focusing on older people as a group whose demographic and socioeconomic conditions can determine different forms of disadvantage. We compare alternative accessibility policies based on the expansion of the Metro infrastructure network or on reduced public transport fares, considering the interaction between the spatial availability and the affordability of public transport. Results show that subsidized fares for public transport services are more beneficial to expand the accessibility of older people, especially those with lower incomes, while the expansion of the Metro network benefits mainly middle- and high-income older people. The proposed analysis is a first step towards a more detailed, place-based reading of mobility-related inequalities, aimed at assessing alternative policy measures.
- ItemIndicadores de sustentabilidad urbana a escala local en Chile. Observatorio de Barrios Sustentables.(2016) Avilés, David; Barton, Jonathan R.; D'alencon, Renato; Moris Iturrieta, Roberto; Ruiz, Juan Carlos; Salas, Roberto; Steiniger, StefanEn este trabajo se discuten estas cuestiones y se presenta un estudio piloto cuyo objetivo es desarrollar indicadores para evaluar la sustentabilidad de los barrios residenciales en Chile, con la intención de transformarse en una herramienta de trabajo tanto para los vecinos de los barrios, como para actores externos que estén interesa-dos en intervenir de acuerdo con la realidad del país. Se elaboró una lista de 85 indicadores de sustentabilidad basada en una revisión de la literatura, las políticas chilenas y en reuniones de expertos. Los indicadores abarcan 10 áreas de sustentabilidad como seguridad, empleo e ingresos, educación, acceso y movilidad, etc. El trabajo incluye un estudio de 13 barrios ubicados en 6 ciudades chilenas: Copiapó, La Serena, Santiago, Concepción, Temuco y Valdivia. Además, se eligieron tres referencias, es decir, barrios modelos con un ingreso más alto o una ubicación central para poder explorar la gama completa de valores de indicador. El artículo describe finalmente cómo fueron seleccionados los indicadores y los barrios y se presenta una herramienta exploratoria de análisis de datos para compararlos.
- ItemLocalising urban sustainability indicators: the CEDEUS indicator set, and lessons from an expert-driven process(Elsevier Ltd., 2020) Steiniger, Stefan; Wagemann, Elizabeth; Barrera Melgarejo, Francisco Javier de la; Molinos Senante, María; Villegas Salgado, Rodrigo Andrés; Fuente, Helen de la; Vives Vergara, Alejandra; Arce, Guillermo; Herrera Maldonado, Juan Carlos; Carrasco Montagna, Juan Antonio; Pasten González, Pablo Arturo; Muñoz Abogabir, Juan Carlos; Barton, Jonathan Richard; CEDEUS (Chile)The development and application of urban sustainability indicators has gained momentum in recent years, especially since the generation of specific urban indicators for the Agenda 2030. Urban sustainability is a broad concept involving many dimensions, therefore the generation of a short, but comprehensive list of indicators is a significant challenge. In this paper, we present a set of 29 indicators designed to characterise urban sustainability in Chile, which we also expect to be relevant to other cities, particularly in the Global South where issues of poverty and inequality are prevalent. We first outline the process of selecting the indicators through expert consultation. Then we present selected indicators, and the variables used to measure them. Subsequently the set is applied to six Chilean cities that are diverse in terms of population, socio-economic conditions and geography. We show that some indicators highlight negative nationwide trends that are common to the cities, while other indicators reveal notable differences that can be traced back to their local contexts. The CEDEUS indicators provide a complement to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for cities; therefore, a comparison is made with the SDGs. The indicator development process is critically examined and policy recommendations are given.
- ItemMovilidad urbana y personas mayores en Santiago de Chile: El valor de integrar métodos de análisis, un estudio en el barrio San Eugenio(Universidad de Chile. FAU, 2021) Vecchio, Giovanni; Castillo, Bryan; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile); Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y TerritorialesDemographic changes in Latin America, and especially in Chile, indicate that the population is becoming older: already in 2050, one out of four Latin Americans and one out of three Chileans will be older than 60. Among the elements that contribute to the wellbeing of the elderlies, mobility and accessibility play a fundamental role. Priorities set out for mobility planning and politics should reflect these aspects. Nonetheless, the traditional methods of transport planning in Chile are not able to adequately grasp the forms in which elderlies move and access urban opportunities. We discuss the value of integrating different methods of analysis to better represent the mobility of elderlies. Examining the mobility and accessibility behaviour of seniors in the neighbourhood of San Eugenio, in Santiago de Chile, the paper compares the results of interviews and household travel surveys, observing to what extent these contribute to the description of mobility and accessibility for the examined population. The results show the relevance of qualitative approaches that, at the neighbourhood scale, examine elderlies, considering that these methods detect mobility practices and accessibility patterns difficult to observe with more aggregate forms of analysis. The approach to elderly mobility allowed by qualitative tools allows considering the conditions for their adoption when planning mobility at neighbourhood and municipal scale.
- ItemSTRIDE - una aplicación Android para recolectar experiencias de peatones para apoyar a las intervenciones con un foco en la caminabilidad(2022) Steiniger, Stefan; Fuentes, Christian; Flores, Daniel; Castillo Mendoza, Bryan Williams; Vecchio, Giovanni; Walker, Jim; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; CEDEUS (Chile)La caminabilidad de calles o barrios puede ser evaluada de dos formas: por medio de modelos, usando bases de datos geográficas sobre el uso de suelo, tal como lo hace Walkscore.com, o a través de encuestas focalizadas en peatones. Ambas evaluaciones de caminabilidad ayudan a planificar barrios con mejor accesibilidad, diseñar intervenciones urbanistas y también podría entregar perspectivas del comportamiento peatonal a los investigadores y planificadores. Para facilitar los últimos dos propósitos, se desarrolla una aplicación móvil, llamada STRIDE.App, que permite a los peatones compartir sus experiencias de caminata. El enfoque del desarrollo de la aplicación ha sido una interfaz sencilla de utilizar, que logra compartir con bastante rapidez la percepción del transeúnte, al calificar la ubicación actual en tres posibles alternativas para caminar: 1. buena, 2. con algunos problemas o 3. mala - por medio de los colores verde, amarillo y rojo respectivamente. La información sobre los peatones, tales como edad, género y su capacidad física, es considerada clave para conocer “quien” ha tenido una experiencia positiva, regular o negativa. La app móvil fue usada en 4 casos de estudios en 2 continentes, comprobando su utilidad, pero también destacando los desafíos con respecto a la representatividad de los datos, y límites en el entendimiento de los contextos locales.
- ItemThe Academic SDI-Towards Understanding Spatial Data Infrastructures for Research and Education(Springer, 2017) Coetzee, Serena; Steiniger, Stefan; Köbben, Barend; Iwaniak, Adam; Kaczmarek, Iwona; Rapant, Petr; Cooper, Antony; Behr, Franz-Josef; Schoof, Govert; Katumba, Samy; Vatseva, Rumiana; Sinvula, Kisco; Moellering, HaroldThe demand for geospatial data across different disciplines and organisations has led to the development and implementation of spatial data infrastructures (SDI) and the theory and concepts behind them. An SDI is an evolving concept about facilitating and coordinating the exchange of geospatial data and services between stakeholders from different levels in the spatial data community. Universities and other research organisations typically have well-established libraries and digital catalogues for scientific literature, but catalogues for geospatial data are rare. Geospatial data is widely used in research, but geospatial data produced by researchers is seldom available, accessible and usable, e.g., for purposes of teaching or further research after completion of the project. This chapter describes the experiences of a number of SDI implementations at universities and research institutes. Based on this, the Academic SDI, an SDI for research and education, is defined and its stakeholders are described. The purpose, scope and stakeholders of the Academic SDI are described based on the formal model of an SDI developed by the International Cartographic Association (ICA) Commission on SDIs and Standards (formerly the Commission on Geoinformation Infrastructures and Standards). The results contribute to understanding the state-of-the-art in SDI implementations at universities and research institutes; how the Academic SDI differs from a 'regular' SDI; and which role players need to be involved in a successful SDI implementation for research and education.
- ItemTransporte y adultos mayores: ¿a un "metro" de la equidad?(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2019) Vecchio, Giovanni; Castillo Mendoza, Bryan Williams; Steiniger, Stefan; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)Gran parte de los habitantes de Santiago no cuentan con una estación de metro a una distancia caminable de sus hogares, lo que exige usar el sistema de buses. Esto produce un problema, especialmente a adultos mayores de bajos ingresos y de reducida autonomía física, quienes no tienen el beneficio de tarifa reducida. Para facilitar la movilidad y reducir los gastos del transporte, se propone la ampliación del Beneficio Adulto Mayor.
- ItemUrban resilience in the face of fossil fuel dependency: The case of Rio de Janeiro’s urban mobility(2019) Fernándes, Vicente Aprigliano; Rothfuss, Rainer; Hochschild, Volker; Da Silva, Marcelino Aurelio Vieira; Da Silva, William Ribeiro; Steiniger, Stefan; Dos Santos, Tálita Floriano; CEDEUS (Chile)Long-term scenarios for mobility within cities usually neglect the energy supply challenge and how the implied risks affect urban mobility services. High levels of private transport and fossil fuel dependency tend to prevail in urban agglomerations of modern cities in many parts of the world. The resilience approach supports a new perspective on transportation solutions, not only based on how to consume less energy or emit less CO2, but how vulnerable urban mobility is in face of a fossil threat. This paper aims to assess the vulnerability of urban mobility in the face of fossil fuel threats under a social and geographical scope. We apply a case study with the city of Rio de Janeiro, confronting city inhabitants with a price increase of gasoline and oil-based public transportation. We found that more than 50% of the districts of Rio de Janeiro presents low-medium or low level of resilience of urban mobility. Furthermore, they are in areas with lower accessibility to metro stations and more citizens with reduced income levels.
- ItemVulnerable individuals and institutions: the double territorial burden of COVID-19 in Chile(LIVERPOOL UNIV PRESS, 2021) Vecchio, Giovanni; Tiznado Aitken, Ignacio; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)
- ItemWalkYourPlace - Building a Web-based Platform for Urban Accessibility Analysis(2017) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Hunter, Andrew; Fuentes, Cristian; Poorazizi, Ebrahim; Steiniger, Stefan