Browsing by Author "Soto-Azat, Claudio"

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    A Mass Stranding Event of Long-Finned Pilot Whales (Globicephala melas) in Southern Chile
    (2019) Alvarado-Rybak, Mario; Haro, Daniela; Oyarzun, Pablo A.; Dougnac, Catherine; Gutierrez, Josefina; Toledo, Natalia; Leiva, Nicolas; Pena, Claudia; Cifuentes, Constanza; Munoz, Nicolas; Monti, Elisa; Casado, Daniel; Toro, Frederick; Soto-Azat, Claudio; Pincheira, Betsy
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    Amphibian phylogenetic diversity in the face of future climate change: not so good news for the chilean biodiversity hotspot
    (2022) Rodriguez, Leonardo J.; Barbosa, Olga A.; Soto-Azat, Claudio; Alvarado-Rybak, Mario; Correa, Claudio; Mendez, Marco A.; Moreno-Gomez, Felipe N.; Rabanal, Felipe E.; Vidal, Marcela A.; Velasquez, Nelson A.; Bacigalupe, Leonardo D.
    Climate change is projected to be the most extensive human-induced disturbance to occur on natural ecosystems, inducing changes in different biodiversity features including the evolutionary history of a region through the decline and loss of its phylogenetic diversity. Amphibians, given their ectothermic life cycle and critical conservation status, would potentially be exposed to extinction processes under conditions of climate change, with the corresponding loss of evolutionary history in regions of high biodiversity. This research addresses the effects of climate change on the evolutionary history of amphibians in the Chilean Biodiversity Hotspot, by estimating the PD (Phylogenetic diversity) and PE (Phylogenetic endemism) of 27 species. Using different RCP (RCP 4.5 and 8.5) and time frames (years 2050 and 2070), we create species distribution models (SDM) to evaluate the species range dynamics and the phylodiversity in the Hotspot. Also, given that Protected Areas (PA) are the main global strategy to ensure the conservation of species and their features, we evaluate the capacity of PA to conserve the evolutionary history in the Hotspot. Our results show a set of modeled species that will become extinct, or will experiment changes in their distributional ranges, inducing a clear decline of amphibian evolutionary history for the next 30 to 50 years, and a worrying low capacity of the PA to contain current and future PD and PE. Given the critical amphibian scenario, our results highlight the need for further research to improve the decision-making process in the hotspot area addressing the potential amphibian extinction risk, the lack of protection by the PA system, and the loss of evolutionary history as a key aspect of biodiversity.
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    Effects of amphibian phylogeny, climate and human impact on the occurrence of the amphibian‐killing chytrid fungus
    (2017) Bacigalupe Cirillo, Leonardo Daniel; Soto-Azat, Claudio; García-Vera, Cristobal; Barría-Oyarzo, Ismael; Rezende Landaeta, Enrico
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    Surgical Implantation of Intra-abdominal Radiotransmitters in Marine Otters (Lontra felina) in Central Chile
    (2008) Soto-Azat, Claudio; Boher, Francisca; Fabry, Mauricio; Pascual, Paulo; Medina-Vogel, Gonzalo
    Six free-ranging marine otters (Lontra felina) were livetrapped on the central coast of Chile and implanted with specially designed radiotransmitters as part of a spatial ecology study. Marine otters frequent the rocky seashore, often squeezing their narrow bodies through cracks and crevices and grooming themselves on the rocks. They are also among the smallest of the otter species, weighing between 3.4 kg and 4.5 kg. For these reasons, the transmitter used was small, rectangular, and flat, measuring 3.5x3.2x1.0 cm. They were implanted using a ventral midline approach to minimize contact between the skin incision and sharp-edged rocks. Surgical incisions healed within 2 wk. The transmitters functioned well, but the duration varied from 62 days to 143 days instead of the 240 days predicted by the manufacturer. All six marine otters reestablished in their home ranges, and survey results suggest they survived well beyond the life of the transmitters.