Browsing by Author "Soto G."

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    Advancing towards the implementation of patient-centred care in Chile: An opportunity to effectively practice shared decision-makingAuf dem Weg zur Implementierung von patientenzentrierter Versorgung in Chile: eine Chance, partizipative Entscheidungsfindung wirkungsvoll in die Praxis umzusetzen
    (HUMANA PRESS INC, 2022) Bravo P.; Dois A.; Martinez A.; Gonzalez-Aguero M.; Campos S.; Bustamante C.; Soto G.; Rioseco A.; Vargas I.; Stacey D.
    © 2022In Chile, local normative and guidelines place patient-centred care (PCC) as a desirable means and outcome for each level of health care. Thus, a definition of PCC is provided, and for the first time shared decision-making (SDM) is included as an intended practice. During the past five years the country has shown progress on the implementation of PCC. A large pilot study was conducted in one of the Metropolitan Health Services, and now the health authority is committed to escalate a PCC strategy nationwide. From the practice domain, most of the work is being placed on the training of health professionals. Patients' preparation for the clinical encounter is scarce, thereby limiting their potential to participate in their care. At the research domain, the country shows a strengthened agenda that has advanced from a diagnostic phase (including the exploration from social sciences) to a purposeful stage which involves the development of training programs, patient decision aids, international collaborations, and other PCC interventions. The country is now positioned to secure new initiatives to empower patients and allow them to take an active role, as a key component of PCC and SDM.
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    Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workersEl impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental de los trabajadores de la salud en Chile: Datos iniciales de The Health Care Workers Study
    (2021) Alvarado R.; Soto G.; Ramirez J.; Lanio I.; Cortes M.; Aguirre A.; Bedregal P.; Allel K.; Tapia-Munoz T.; Alvarado R.; Soledad Burrone M.; Cuadra-Malinarich G.; Goycolea R.; Mascayano F.; Sapag J.; Traub C.; Schilling S.; Villarroel S.; Alarcon S.
    © 2021 Sociedad Medica de Santiago. All rights reserved.Background: Healthcare workers' mental health was affected by SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Aim: To evaluate healthcare workers' mental health and its associated factors during the pandemic in Chile. Material and Methods: An online self-reported questionnaire was designed including the Goldberg Health Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, (PHQ-9), and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale among other questions. It was sent to 28,038 healthcare workers. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 1,934 participants, with a median age of 38 years (74% women). Seventy five percent were professionals, and 48% worked at a hospital. Fifty nine percent of respondents had a risk of having a mental health disorder, and 73% had depressive symptoms. Significant associations were found with sex, workplace, and some of the relevant experiences during the pandemic. Fifty one percent reported the need for mental health support, and 38% of them received it. Conclusions: There is a high percentage of health workers with symptoms of psychological distress, depression, and suicidal ideas. The gender approach is essential to understand the important differences found. Many health workers who required mental health care did not seek or received it.
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    Implementation of cancer prevention practices in primary care: results of a cohort study in Chile 2018–2022
    (2024) Puschel Illanes, Klaus; Rioseco A.; Soto M.; Paz S.; Martinez J.; Soto G.; Faundez M.; Arenas E.; Vescovi Z.; Fuentes I.; Thompson B.; Emery J.
    Objectives: The burden of cancer is increasing rapidly in Latin America. Primary care has an essential role in cancer prevention, but implementation levels of prevention practices are not well known. This study evaluated implementation levels and associated factors of cancer preventive practices in primary care over time. Study design: The study incorporated a retrospective multicentre cohort study. Methods: A population of 59,949 patients registered at three primary care clinics was followed from January 2018 to December 2022 in Santiago, Chile. We studied human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunisation, brief counselling for smoking cessation and alcohol consumption, and cervical and breast cancer screening practices. Standardised electronic medical records were utilised as the source of information. Social, clinical, and organisational factors associated with prevention practices were studied. Results: The cohort attrition level was 17.1%. Most of the population was of a low socioeconomic status, and 70% visited a primary health centre yearly. Implementation rates of immunisation practices were 90.84% for HPV and 80.94% for HBV in 2022. In contrast, brief counselling for smoking and alcohol consumption was below 20% during the study period. Cervical cancer screening decreased by 25.58% between 2018 and 2022, whereas breast cancer screening reached only 41.71% of the target population. Opportunistic medical visits were strongly associated with brief counselling and breast cancer screening. Conclusion: Implementation practices for cancer prevention in a Chilean primary care cohort are high for immunisation and very low for brief counselling and screening practices. A comprehensive non-medical-based model is needed to improve cancer prevention in primary care.