Browsing by Author "Sirlopu, David"

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    Actitudes implícitas y explícitas hacia personas con síndrome de Down: un estudio en colegios con y sin programas de integración de Chile
    (FUNDACION INFANCIA APRENDIZAJE, 2012) Sirlopu, David; Gonzalez Gutierrez, Roberto; Bohner, Gerd; Siebler, Frank; Millar Deuma, David Andrés; Ordoñez Pizarro, María Gabriela; Torres Irribarra, David Esteban; De Tezanos Pinto, Correa Pablo Andrés
    La integración escolar puede disminuir el prejuicio entre sus miembros a través del contacto. En esta área, las investigaciones suelen utilizar medidas explícitas pero son escasas las que han usado mediciones implícitas. En este artículo se pretende evaluar ambos tipos de actitudes hacia las personas con síndrome de Down (PCSD). Ochenta estudiantes chilenos entre los 11 y 15 años, pertenecientes a colegios con y sin programas de integración, participaron de este estudio. Las actitudes implícitas fueron medidas a través del Test de Asociación Implícita (IAT). Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes, independiente del sistema escolar, mostraron sesgo implícito hacia las PCSD. En las actitudes explícitas, si bien ambas muestras exhibieron bajos niveles de prejuicio, en los colegios integrados se expresó menos ansiedad hacia las PCSD. Finalmente, la calidad, cantidad y saliencia se asociaron con menor ansiedad y más estereotipos positivos hacia las PCSD.
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    Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries
    (2023) Olsson, Maria I. T.; van Grootel, Sanne; Block, Katharina; Schuster, Carolin; Meeussen, Loes; Van Laar, Colette; Schmader, Toni; Croft, Alyssa; Sun, Molly Shuyi; Ainsaar, Mare; Aarntzen, Lianne; Adamus, Magdalena; Anderson, Joel; Atkinson, Ciara; Avicenna, Mohamad; Babel, Przemyslaw; Barth, Markus; Benson-Greenwald, Tessa M.; Maloku, Edona; Berent, Jacques; Bergsieker, Hilary B.; Biernat, Monica; Birneanu, Andreea G.; Bodinaku, Blerta; Bosak, Janine; Bosson, Jennifer; Brankovic, Marija; Burkauskas, Julius; Cavojova, Vladimira; Cheryan, Sapna; Choi, Eunsoo; Choi, Incheol; Contreras-Ibanez, Carlos C.; Coogan, Andrew; Danyliuk, Ivan; Dar-Nimrod, Ilan; Dasgupta, Nilanjana; de Lemus, Soledad; Devos, Thierry; Diab, Marwan; Diekman, Amanda B.; Efremova, Maria; Eisner, Leila; Eller, Anja; Erentaite, Rasa; Fedakova, Denisa; Franc, Renata; Gartzia, Leire; Gavreliuc, Alin; Gavreliuc, Dana; Gecaite-Stonciene, Julija; Germano, Adriana L.; Giovannelli, Ilaria; Diaz, Renzo Gismondi; Gitikhmayeva, Lyudmila; Gizaw, Abiy Menkir; Gjoneska, Biljana; Martinez Gonzalez, Omar; Gonzalez, Roberto; David Grijalva, Isaac; Guengoer, Derya; Senden, Marie Gustafsson; Hall, William; Harb, Charles; Hassan, Bushra; Haessler, Tabea; Hawi, Diala R.; Henningsen, Levke; Hoppe, Annedore; Ishii, Keiko; Jaksic, Ivana; Jasini, Alba; Jurkeviciene, Jurgita; Kelmendi, Kaltrina; Kirby, Teri A.; Kitakaji, Yoko; Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza; Kozytska, Inna; Kulich, Clara; Kundtova-Klocova, Eva; Kunuroglu, Filiz; Aidy, Christina Lapytskaia; Lee, Albert; Lindqvist, Anna; Lopez-Lopez, Wilson; Luzvinda, Liany; Maricchiolo, Fridanna; Martinot, Delphine; McNamara, Rita Anne; Meister, Alyson; Melka, Tizita Lemma; Mickuviene, Narseta; Isabel Miranda-Orrego, Maria; Mkamwa, Thadeus; Morandini, James; Morton, Thomas; Mrisho, David; Nikitin, Jana; Otten, Sabine; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina; Page-Gould, Elizabeth; Perandres, Ana; Pizarro, Jon; Pop-Jordanova, Nada; Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna; Quta, Sameir; Ramis, TamilSelvan; Rani, Nitya; Redersdorff, Sandrine; Regner, Isabelle; Renstrom, Emma A.; Rivera-Rodriguez, Adrian; Esmeralda Rocha, Sanchez Tania; Ryabichenko, Tatiana; Saab, Rim; Sakata, Kiriko; Samekin, Adil; Sanchez-Pachecho, Tracy; Scheifele, Carolin; Schulmeyer, Marion K.; Sczesny, Sabine; Sirlopu, David; Smith-Castro, Vanessa; Soo, Kadri; Spaccatini, Federica; Steele, Jennifer R.; Steffens, Melanie C.; Sucic, Ines; Vandello, Joseph; Maria Velasquez-Diaz, Laura; Vink, Melissa; Vives, Eva; Warkineh, Turuwark Zalalam; Zezelj, Iris; Zhang, Xiaoxiao; Zhao, Xian; Martiny, Sarah E.
    Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18-30years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women's political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women's (rather than men's) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men's higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men's leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed.
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    Implicit and explicit attitudes toward people with Down syndrome: A study in schools with and without integration programmes in Chile
    (FUNDACION INFANCIA APRENDIZAJE, 2012) Sirlopu, David; Gonzalez, Roberto; Bohner, Gerd; Siebler, Frank; Millar, Andres; Ordonez, Gabriela; Torres, David; de Tezanos Pinto, Pablo
    Integrated education can reduce intergroup prejudice because enhance people contact. In this area, most researches have measured explicit attitudes using self-report questionnaires, but few studies have measure implicit attitudes for this objective. This article aims to evaluate both types of attitudes towards People with Down syndrome (PWDS). Eighty Chileans pupils (11-15 years) belonging from schools with and without integration programs participated in this study. Implicit attitudes were measured with Implicit Association Test (IAT). Results showed that all students, regardless from the school system, showed implicit bias towards PWDS. In explicit attitudes, although both samples exhibited low levels of prejudice, pupils from integrated schools expressed less anxiety towards PWDS. Finally, quality of contact, quantity of contact and salience were associated with less anxiety and more positive stereotypes towards PWDS.
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    Prejudice among Peruvians and Chileans as a Function of Identity, Intergroup Contact, Acculturation Preferences, and Intergroup Emotions
    (WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2010) Gonzalez, Roberto; Sirlopu, David; Kessler, Thomas
    A special Latin American acculturative context is currently developing in Chile in which native Chileans have contact with several immigrant groups, particularly newcomers from Peru. This study examines several intergroup variables including contact, national and Latino American identities, group distinctiveness, realistic threat, intergroup anxiety, and acculturation preferences as predictors of prejudice on the part of both Chilean natives and Peruvian immigrants. Three hundred Peruvian immigrants (194 females and 106 males) and 300 Chileans (199 females and 101 males) participated in the study. Acculturation preferences, perceived group distinctiveness, and especially intergroup contact were shown to be important predictors of prejudice toward out-group members. Intergroup anxiety and realistic threat mediated some of these effects. The pattern of these results also varied as a function of nationality. Theoretical as well as practical implications for further research are discussed.