Browsing by Author "Silva, M"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    A world of lies
    (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2006) Aavik, T; Abu Hilal, M; Ahmad, FZ; Ahmed, RA; Alarco, B; Amponsah, B; Atoum, A; Bahrami, H; Banton, P; Barca, V; Basualdo, M; Benjet, C; Bhowon, U; Bond, CF; Case, TI; Caso, L; Chadee, D; Churney, R; Courtoy, M; Datevyan, H; Donatien, D; Gastardo Conaco, C; Gendolla, G; Ghayur, MA; Giri, VN; Gunawardhane, R; Han, HS; Hartwig, M; Ul Hasanat, N; Herrera, D; Hofhansl, A; Holland, R; Horgan, J; Huang, STT; Ismail, R; Javahishvili, T; Johnston, L; Kapardis, A; Ker Dincer, M; Kerslake, M; Khaltourina, A; Khaltourina, D; Kion, JA; Koehnken, G; Kokkinaki, F; Koljatic, M; Kostik, A; Kurman, J; Lee, K; Levintsa, E; Lovas, L; Masip, J; Matuk, CR; Melinder, A; Merckelbach, H; Messili, R; Miles, L; Mngadi, PT; Munyae, MM; Nedeljkovic, J; Neto, F; Niemi, M; Niraula, S; Nizharadze, G; Oka, T; O'Sullivan, DEM; Pawlowski, B; Pereira, ME; Platon, C; Rao, SH; Reynolds, S; Rime, B; Rodriguez, O; Rono, R; Roxana, I; Rus, VS; Schulmeyer, M; Shu, L; Silva, M; Simulioniene, R; Stuchlikova, I; Sverko, I; Talwar, V; Tchombe, TM; Tifner, S; Tredoux, C; Voracek, M; Vrij, A; Williams, K; Wright, R; Zhang, YC; Global Deception Res Team
    This article reports two worldwide studies of stereotypes about liars. These studies are carried out in 75 different countries and 43 different languages. In Study 1, participants respond to the open-ended question "How can you tell when people are lying?" In Study 2, participants complete a questionnaire about lying. These two studies reveal a dominant pan-cultural stereotype: that liars avert gaze. The authors identify other common beliefs and offer a social control interpretation.
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    Analysis of mRNA quality in freshly prepared and archival Papanicolaou samples
    (1999) Chuaqui, R; Cole, K; Cuello, M; Silva, M; Quintana, ME; Emmert-Buck, MR
    OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of utilizing mRNA recovered front cytologic Papanicolaou (Pay) specimens as a resource for gene expression studies of normal and diseased cells.
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    Are students' perceptions of parental acceptance of academic dishonesty associated with its occurrence?
    (2003) Koljatic, M; Silva, M; Ardiles, J
    The study explored the association between the perceptions 175 Chilean business students held about their parents' acceptance of academic dishonesty and their self-reports of academic dishonesty. Regressing scores for parental acceptance onto self-reported academic dishonesty indicated it accounted for a small (2.2%,) but significant amount of variance beyond demographic and academic performance variables. Effect size analysis based on structure coefficients indicated that parental acceptance was the second best predictor in the equation, suggesting that parental acceptance is a correlate that merits further study.
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    Association of perceived parental attitudes towards premarital sex with initiation of sexual intercourse in adolescence
    (PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS, 2002) Silva, M; Ross, I
    To assess the association between perceived parental disapproval of premarital sex, quality of the parent-daughter relationship, and initiation of sexual intercourse, a sample of 614 economically deprived female students in Chile were tested. The perception of disapproval of premarital sex by the mother along with a good mother-daughter relationship appears to constitute a buffer against early initiation of sexual activity in adolescence. Results are consistent with findings reported in studies conducted in the USA.
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    Comparison of students' and faculty's perceptions of occurrence of dishonest academic behaviors
    (PSYCHOLOGICAL REPORTS, 2002) Koljatic, M; Silva, M
    Examination of estimates of prevalence of 28 dishonest academic behaviors provided by 217 students and 38 faculty members from the same Latin American institution shows faculty's perceptions differed from those held by students. Students perceived dishonest behaviors to be more widespread while faculty's estimates were on average more conservative and closer to actual self-reported rates, These results are not consistent with findings from a study conducted in the United States. The reasons for this discrepancy may reflect institutional or cultural factors, which should be explored in future research.
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    Comparison of two modes of web-based instruction in a course on environmental protection
    (2004) Koljatic, M; Silva, M; Varas, E; Vergara, A
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    Evaluation of a school-based sex education program for low income male high school students in Chile
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003) Silva, M; Ross, I
    A sex education program was evaluated in a vocational high school in Santiago, Chile, that caters to a population of low income students. The goals of the program were to delay the occurrence of sexual activity, promote a positive attitude towards abstinence in adolescence, and facilitate communication on sexual topics with adults. A cohort design with no treatment partitioning was used, comparing data from a baseline sample in 1993 and a post-intervention sample in 1998. The program was implemented as a major intervention-a I year workshop in sexuality-geared to-students in 10th grade, with a supplementary intervention in the 11th grade. There was a significant reduction in the percentage of students reporting having experienced sexual intercourse, a change in attitude towards abstinence in adolescence, and differences in communication regarding. sexual topics with adults and peers among the students being recently exposed to the program. Although the program seems to be effective in delaying the initiation of. sexual activity the, effects appear to be short-lived. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    The effectiveness of school-based sex education programs in the promotion of abstinent behavior: a meta-analysis
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2002) Silva, M
    This review presents the findings from controlled school-based sex education interventions published in the last 15 years in the US. The effects of the interventions in promoting abstinent behavior reported in 12 controlled studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the analysis indicated a very small overall effect of the interventions in abstinent behavior. Moderator analysis could only be pursued partially because of limited information in primary research studies. Parental participation in the program, age of the participants, virgin-status of the sample, grade level, percentage of females, scope of the implementation and year of publication of the study were associated with variations in effect sizes for abstinent behavior in univariate tests. However, only parental participation and percentage of females were significant in the weighted least-squares regression analysis. The richness of a meta-analytic approach appears limited by the quality of the primary research. Unfortunately, most of the research does not employ designs to provide conclusive evidence of program effects. Suggestions to address this limitation are provided.
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    The international publication productivity of Latin American countries in the economics and business administration fields
    (2001) Koljatic, M; Silva, M
    The present study compares the international publication productivity of Latin American countries in the fields of business administration and economics from 1995 to 1999. Only four countries - Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico - have a substantial research production in these areas. Among these countries, Chile showed the most favorable results according to various indicators of publication productivity.