Browsing by Author "Shaffer, Gary"
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- ItemA model-data assessment of the role of Southern Ocean processes in the last glacial termination(2016) Eichinger, Roland; Shaffer, Gary; Albarrán, Nelsón; Maisa Rojas; Lambert, Fabrice
- ItemAn improved land biosphere module for use in reduced complexity Earth System Models with application to the last glacial(2017) Eichinger, Roland; Shaffer, Gary; Albarran, Nelson; Rojas, Maisa; Lambert, Fabrice
- ItemAn improved land biosphere module for use in reduced complexity Earth System Models with application to the last glacial termination(2017) Eichinger, Roland; Shaffer, Gary; Nelson Albarrán; Rojas, Maisa; Lambert, FabriceThis supplement provides additional material to the article “An improved land biosphere module for use in reduced complexity ESMs with application to the last glacial termination”. We provide a detailed description of our treatment of the new vegetation dependent albedo, the dust radiative forcing and high latitude ocean iron-limitation and present an example case for the snow 5 and ice line parameterisation that interacts with the new biosphere scheme. Next, we give the mathematical description of the ocean vertical diffusion profile function in the high latitude model ocean that is applied for generating Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) conditions in the DCESS model and the formulation of the resumption of deep ocean mixing. Furthermore, we present some additional information on the generation of model LGM conditions in atmosphere and ocean, a literature review on the Mystery Interval (MI) and an overview for model and proxy data changes during the MI. The Supplement ends with additional information on the various 14 10 C production rate time series that were applied in the model simulations, an analysis of the DCESS model calculated 14C production rate time series and the isotope ratio definitions.
- ItemAn improved land biosphere module for use in the DCESS Earth system model (version 1.1) with application to the last glacial termination(2017) Eichinger, Roland; Shaffer, Gary; Albarran, Nelson; Rojas, Maisa; Lambert, Fabrice
- ItemDust fluxes and iron fertilization in Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum climates(2015) Lambert, Fabrice; Tagliabue, Alessandro; Shaffer, Gary; Lamy, Frank; Winckler, Gisela; Farias, Laura; Gallardo, Laura; De Pol-Holz, Ricardo
- ItemEnhanced deglacial carbon transport by Pacific southern-sourced intermediate and mode water(2025) Karas, Cyrus; Nurnberg, Dirk; Lambert, Fabrice; Shaffer, Gary; Lamy, FrankSouthern-sourced Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) and Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) are currently major sinks of atmospheric CO2. During the last deglaciation, atmospheric CO2 levels increased significantly during two specific time periods, Heinrich Stadial 1 (H1) ~18–14.6 ka BP (thousand years ago before present) and the Younger Dryas (YD) ~12.8–11.5 ka BP. Model simulation and proxy data studies suggest that AAIW/SAMW was crucial in explaining these changes during H1 and YD, but its variability and properties in the Southeast Pacific Ocean are still largely unknown. Here, we present records of benthic foraminiferal carbon isotopes, Mg/Ca-based water temperatures, paleosalinity reconstructions, and sortable silt mean grain size variations over the last 30 thousand years from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1233, in the Southeast Pacific Ocean, which is bathed in AAIW/SAMW. Our proxy data suggest an increased northward circulation of high pCO2/ nutrient-enriched AAIW/SAMW during H1 and YD. Our data provides support for AAIW/SAMW as one of the important conduits for deglacial oceanic outgassing in the eastern equatorial Pacific upwelling.
- ItemIn and out of glacial extremes by way of dust-climate feedbacks(2018) Shaffer, Gary; Lambert, Fabrice