Browsing by Author "Schaaf, M."

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    Real-time hybrid predictive modeling of the Teniente Converter
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2010) Schaaf, M.; Gomez, Z.; Cipriano, A.
    The Teniente Converter (TC) is air important technology for smelting and converting copper concentrates. Due to the complexities of its autogenous Operation, which combines continuous input flows with intermittent product extraction, efforts to model and control this dynamic have only beer) partially successful. This work presents a model of TC operation that combines phenomenological equations with empirical expressions and includes both continuous and discrete variables. Six different operating modes are described. To improve predictive capabilities, an adaptive compensation technique takes account of changes in concentrate mix characteristics. The model predicts five important variables: white metal copper concentration, slag magnetite concentration, white metal temperature, and white metal and slag levels. It is calibrated and validated with real operating data from Codelco's Potrerillos smelter. Once the model is implemented, it delivers online estimates of process variables that are Measured intermittently.