Browsing by Author "Sanchez, Ignacio"

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    An instrument in Spanish to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers by students
    (2010) Bitran, Marcela; Mena, Beltran; Riquelmel, Arnoldo; Padilla, Oslando; Sanchez, Ignacio; Moreno, Rodrigo
    Background: The modernization of clinical teaching has called for the creation of faculty development programs, and the design of suitable instruments to evaluate clinical teachers' performance. Aim: To report the development and validation of an instrument in Spanish designed to measure the students' perceptions of their clinical teachers' performance and to provide them with feedback to improve their teaching practices. Material and Methods: In a process that included the active participation of authorities, professors in charge of courses and internships, clinical teachers, students and medical education experts, we developed a 30-item questionnaire called MEDUC30 to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers by their students. The internal validity was assessed by factor analysis of 5,214 evaluations of 265 teachers, gathered from 2004 to 2007. The reliability was measured with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the generalizability coefficient (g). Results: MEDUC30 had good content and construct validity Its internal structure was compatible with four factors: patient-centered teaching, teaching skills, assessment skills and learning climate, and it proved to be consistent with the structure anticipated by the theory The scores were highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha: 0.97); five evaluations per teacher were sufficient to reach a reliability coefficient (g) of 0.8. Conclusions: MEDUC30 is a valid, reliable and useful instrument to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers. To our knowledge, this is the first instrument in Spanish for which solid validity and reliability evidences have been reported. We hope that MEDUC30 will be used to improve medical education in Spanish-speaking medical schools, providing teachers a specific feedback upon which to improve their pedagogical practice, and authorities with valuable information for the assessment of their faculty. (Rev Med Chile 2010; 138: 685-693).
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    Spirometric values in healthy Chilean children and adolescents
    (SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2015) Caussade, Solange; Contreras, Ilse; Villarroel, Luis; Fierro, Laura; Sanchez, Ignacio; Bertrand, Pablo; Holmgren, Nils L.
    Background: Spirometric flow and volume measurement are essential to evaluate patients with pulmonary disease. In Chile, several reference equations are used. Aim: To measure flow and expiratory volumes in healthy children and adolescents and compare their results with theoretical values according to Knudson, Quanjer, Gutierrez and NANHES III. Subjects and Methods: Spirometries were performed according to international standards in 1589 healthy children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years (861 females) who lived in Santiago, Chile. Results: The obtained values for forced vital capacity, expiratory volume in one second, peak expiratory flow, were significantly higher than those calculated according to the above mentioned standards (p < 0.0001) with differences up to 18.7%. We constructed reference formulas for ages ranging from 6 to 18 years, separated by gender, using age, weight and height as independent variables. The latter had the greater influence on formula construction. Conclusions: The use of these new local formulas with allow the correct interpretation of spirometric results obtained in Chilean children and adolescents.