Browsing by Author "Salas, Gonzalo"

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    Bergson, Peirce y Vygotski: Imaginación y la producción del mundo a finales del siglo XI y principios del XX
    (2019) Haye M., Andrés; Hevia Jordán, Evelyn; Reiter Barros, Francisco; Salas, Gonzalo
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    Challenges and Opportunities for Psychological Research in the Majority World
    (2024) Uskul, Ayse K.; Thalmayer, Amber Gayle; Bernardo, Allan B. I.; Gonzalez, Roberto; Kende, Anna; Laher, Sumaya; Lasticova, Barbara; Saab, Rim; Salas, Gonzalo; Singh, Purnima; Zeinoun, Pia; Norenzayan, Ara; Chao, Melody M.; Shoda, Yuichi; Cooper, M. Lynne
    How can psychology transform itself into an inclusive science that engages with the rich cultural diversity of humanity? How can we strive towards a broader and deeper understanding of human behavior that is both generalizable across populations and attentive to its diversity? To address these major questions of our field, relying on scholars from different world regions, we outline first the opportunities associated with conducting psychological research in these and other majority world regions, highlighting international collaborations. Cross-cutting research themes in psychological research in the majority world are presented along with the urgent need to adopt a more critical lens to research and knowledge production within psychology. Indigenization, critical, transformative and liberatory approaches to understanding psychological phenomena framed within the decolonial imperative are presented as future options for a more diverse and equitable psychological science. Next, we address challenges, including limited institutional research infrastructure, limited national investment in research, political and social challenges these regions face, and the impact of imported (rather than locally produced) psychological knowledge. We conclude by offering recommendations to enable psychological science to be more representative of the world's population. Our aim is to facilitate a broader, better-informed, and more empathic conversation among psychological scientists worldwide about ways to make psychological science more representative, culturally informed and inclusive.
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    Language, analogical reasoning, and working memory skills in emergent literacy period: Typical and DLD trajectories via Cluster Analyses
    (2022) Norambuena, Yenie S.; Saez, Katia L.; Fuentes, Dario; Ponce, Fernando P.; Salas, Gonzalo
    The aim of the present study was to compare emergent literacy profiles among Spanish-speaking preschoolers with and without developmental language disorders (DLD), based on phonological and lexical skills, working memory (WM), and analogical reasoning (AR, including verbal and nonverbal). The study sample was composed of 123 children aged 47-62 months (age group 1 or G1:M = 55.09, SD = 4.52; 61 boys, 62 girls) and 115 children aged 63-78 months (age group 2 or G2:M = 69.27, SD = 4.16; 54 boys, 61 girls). We compared the performance by age group in all measures, after which hierarchical cluster analyses using emergent literacy scores were performed for each age group. The lin-guistic and cognitive factors of the resulting clusters were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise comparison. Cluster analysis yielded 3 clusters in each age group that significantly differed on linguistic and cognitive measures. The groups were identified as high, mid, and low performance. DLD groups were associated with low performance in listening comprehension, lexical decision, and syllabifi-cation in G1 and lexical repetition and final sound in G2. The high-performance groups were associated with higher performance in syllabification, initial sound, and lexical repetition in G1 and listening com-prehension in G2. The main differences between age groups were observed in syllabification and lexical decision. Furthermore, the results suggest that verbal AR and WM are positive markers of linguistic pro-files in the youngest group, while only verbal AR appears relevant in the oldest group. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of emergent literacy profiles and may enhance the understanding of language and literacy development in typical and DLD Spanish-speaking children. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    "Returning to the Past to Rethink Socio-Political Antagonisms: Mapping Today's Situation in Regards to Popular Insurrections
    (2022) Barria-Asenjo, Nicol A.; Zizek, Slavoj; Scholten, Hernan; Pavon-Cuellar, David; Salas, Gonzalo; Cabezas, Oscar Ariel; Huanca Arohuanca, Jesus William; Alcala, Sergio J. Aguilar
    This article seeks to elaborate a map or cartogram based on a number of protests and social mobilizations that took place in different parts of the world -mainly in Latin America, but also in Europe and Asia. Beyond the data and figures available from various sources, which never speak for themselves, an interpretation is proposed here to reveal the meaning of these events. In other words, by displaying a map of these social movements, the authors propose not only the visualization of a collection of data, but also an illumination of these events in the light of history. From there, the authors offer hypothetical predictions. These predictions allow the authors to consider the lessons that, sometimes, seem to be forgotten or are not learned yet.