Browsing by Author "Ruckelshaus, Mary"

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    A transition to sustainable ocean governance
    (2020) Rudolph, Tanya Brodie; Ruckelshaus, Mary; Swilling, Mark; Allison, Edward H.; Osterblom, Henrik; Gelcich, Stefan; Mbatha, Philile
    Human wellbeing relies on the Biosphere, including natural resources provided by ocean ecosystems. As multiple demands and stressors threaten the ocean, transformative change in ocean governance is required to maintain the contributions of the ocean to people. Here we illustrate how transition theory can be applied to ocean governance. We demonstrate how current economic and social systems can adapt to existing pressures and shift towards ocean stewardship through incorporation of niche innovations within and across economic sectors and stakeholder communities. These novel approaches support an emergent but purposeful transition and suggest a clear path to a thriving and vibrant relationship between humans and the ocean. Oceans provide important natural resources, but the management and governance of the ocean is complex and the ecosystem is suffering as a result. The authors discuss current barriers to sustainable ocean governance and suggest pathways forward.
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    Anticipating trade-offs and promoting synergies between small-scale fisheries and aquaculture to improve social, economic, and ecological outcomes
    (2024) Mansfield, Elizabeth J.; Micheli, Fiorenza; Fujita, Rod; Fulton, Elizabeth A.; Gelcich Crossley, Stefan; Battista, Willow; Bustamante, Rodrigo H.; Cao, Ling; Daniels, Benjamin N.; Finkbeiner, Elena M.; Gaines, Steven; Peckham, Hoyt; Roche, Kelly; Ruckelshaus, Mary; Salomon, Anne K.; Sumaila, U. Rashid; White, Crow; Naylor,Rosamond
    Blue food systems are crucial for meeting global social and environmental goals. Both small-scale marine fisheries (SSFs) and aquaculture contribute to these goals, with SSFs supporting hundreds of millions of people and aquaculture currently expanding in the marine environment. Here we examine the interactions between SSFs and aquaculture, and the possible combined benefits and trade-offs of these interactions, along three pathways: (1) resource access and rights allocation; (2) markets and supply chains; and (3) exposure to and management of risks. Analysis of 46 diverse case studies showcase positive and negative interaction outcomes, often through competition for space or in the marketplace, which are context-dependent and determined by multiple factors, as further corroborated by qualitative modeling. Results of our mixed methods approach underscore the need to anticipate and manage interactions between SSFs and aquaculture deliberately to avoid negative socio-economic and environmental outcomes, promote synergies to enhance food production and other benefits, and ensure equitable benefit distribution.