Browsing by Author "Romero, Jaime"

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    Genome sequence of Vibrio VPAP30, isolated from an episode of massive mortality of reared larvae of scallop Argopecten purpuratus
    (2015) Rojas Ávila, Rodrigo; Miranda, Claudio D.; Romero, Jaime; Asenjo, Freddy; Valderrama, Katherinne; Segovia, Cristopher; Ugalde, Juan A.; Santander, Javier
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    Influence of dietary oils rich in omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids on rumen microbiome of dairy cows
    (2023) Cancino-Padilla, Nathaly; Gajardo, Felipe; Neves, Andre Luis Alves; Kholif, Ahmed Eid; Mele, Marcello; Huws, Sharon A.; Loor, Juan J.; Romero, Jaime; Vargas-Bello-Perez, Einar
    Lay Summary When cows are fed with different dietary lipid sources, some changes are found at the rumen level which is later reflected in overall animal's metabolism and performance. This study determined the effect of dietary lipids on rumen bacteria communities. For this, 15 cows were divided into three groups and were assigned a control diet and then this diet was supplemented with either soybean oil or fish oil. Results show minor effects on bacteria communities regardless of dietary lipid sources.
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    Long-Term Effects of Dietary Olive Oil and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil on Expression of Lipogenic Genes in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Dairy Cows
    (2019) Vargas-Bello-Perez, Einar; Bionaz, Massimo; Sciarresi-Arechabala, Pietro; Cancino-Padilla, Nathaly; Morales, Maria Sol; Romero, Jaime; Leskinen, Heidi; Garnsworthy, Philip C.; Loor, Juan J.
    The objective of this study was to characterize the long-term transcriptomic effects of lipogenic genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of dairy cows supplemented with unsaturated (olive oil; OO) and saturated (hydrogenated vegetable oil; HVO) lipids. Cows were fed a control diet with no added lipid, or diets containing OO or HVO (n = 5 cows/group) for 63 days. SAT was obtained from the tail-head area at the onset of the study and after 21, 42, and 63 days of supplementation. Treatments had minor effects on expression of measured genes. Both fat supplements reduced expression of PPARG, HVO decreased transcription of the desaturase FADS2 and lipid droplet formation PLIN2, and OO increased transcription of FABP3. Both lipid treatments decreased expression of the transcription regulator SREBF1 and its chaperone (SCAP) during the first 21 days of treatment. Our data indicated that long-term feeding of OO and HVO have a relatively mild effect on expression of lipogenic genes in SAT of mid-lactating cows.
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    Long-Term Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Olive Oil and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil on the Rumen Microbiome of Dairy Cows
    (MDPI, 2021) Cancino Padilla, Nathaly; Catalan, Natalia; Siu Ting, Karen; Creevey, Christopher J.; Huws, Sharon A.; Romero, Jaime; Vargas Bello Perez, Einar
    Dietary lipids increase energy density in dairy cow diets and in some cases can increase beneficial fatty acids (FA) in milk and dairy products. However, the degree of FA saturation may affect the rumen microbiome. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects of feeding saturated (hydrogenated vegetable oil; HVO) or unsaturated (olive oil; OO) fatty acid (FA) sources on the rumen microbiome of dairy cows. For 63 days, 15 mid-lactating cows were fed with either a basal diet (no fat supplement), or the basal diet supplemented with 3% dry matter (DM), either HVO or OO. Rumen contents were collected on days 21, 42 and 63 for 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The results reveal dominance of the phyla Firmicutes (71.5%) and Bacteroidetes (26.2%), and their respective prevalent genera Succiniclasticum (19.4%) and Prevotella (16.6%). Succiniclasticum increased with both treatments at all time points. Prevotella was reduced on day 42 in both diets. Bacterial diversity alpha or beta were not affected by diets. Predicted bacterial functions by CowPI showed changes in energy and protein metabolism. Overall, 3% DM of lipid supplementation over 63 days can be used in dairy cow diets without major impacts on global bacterial community structure.