DSpace Angular :: Browsing by Author "Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra"

Browsing by Author "Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra"

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A global horizon scan for urban evolutionary ecology
(2022) Verrelli, Brian C.; Alberti, Marina; Des Roches, Simone; Harris, Nyeema C.; Hendry, Andrew P.; Johnson, Marc T. J.; Savage, Amy M.; Charmantier, Anne; Gotanda, Kiyoko M.; Govaert, Lynn; Miles, Lindsay S.; Rivkin, L. Ruth; Winchell, Kristin M.; Brans, Kristien I.; Correa, Cristian; Diamond, Sarah E.; Fitzhugh, Ben; Grimm, Nancy B.; Hughes, Sara; Marzluff, John M.; Munshi-South, Jason; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Santangelo, James S.; Schell, Christopher J.; Schweitzer, Jennifer A.; Szulkin, Marta; Urban, Mark C.; Zhou, Yuyu; Ziter, Carly; CEDEUS (Chile)
The impact of urbanization on biodiversity has been well documented, yet research into the complex dynamics of ecological and evolutionary processes in urban areas is still in its infancy. When novel research challenges emerge, a horizon scan exercise is an integrated approach that brings together global interdisciplinary-minded individuals to identify future research questions that can influence new collaborations and funding agenda. Our horizon scan identified 30 questions for future research in urban evolutionary ecology covering themes in fundamental ecological and evolutionary processes, temporal and spatial scales, sustainability, climate change, sociopolitical and ethical considerations, and innovation in technology. Research on the evolutionary ecology of urban areas reveals how human-induced evolutionary changes affect biodiversity and essential ecosystem services. In a rapidly urbanizing world imposing many selective pressures, a time-sensitive goal is to identify the emergent issues and research priorities that affect the ecology and evolution of species within cities. Here, we report the results of a horizon scan of research questions in urban evolutionary ecology submitted by 100 interdisciplinary scholars. We identified 30 top questions organized into six themes that highlight priorities for future research. These research questions will require methodological advances and interdisciplinary collaborations, with continued revision as the field of urban evolutionary ecology expands with the rapid growth of cities.
A new method to evaluate the vulnerability of watersheds facing several stressors: A case study in mediterranean Chile
(2019) Arriagada, Loretto; Rojas, Octavio; Arumí, José Luis; Munizaga, Juan; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Farias, Laura; Vega, Claudio
Freshwater systems are subjected to multiple anthropogenic stressors and natural disturbances that act as debilitating agents and modifiers of river systems, causing cumulative and synergistic effects that deteriorate their health and result in watershed vulnerability. This study proposes an easy-to-apply spatial method of watershed vulnerability evaluation using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the Andalién River watershed, located in the Chilean mediterranean. A watershed vulnerability index (WVI) based on three sub-indices – anthropogenic stressors, environmental fragility and natural disturbances – was developed. To determine the index grouping weights, expert surveys were carried out using the Delphi method. We subsequently normalized and integrated the factors of each sub-index with relative weights. The ranges of each thematic layer were re-classified to establish vulnerability scores. The watershed was divided into three sections: headwaters zone, transfer zone and depositional zone. The watershed vulnerability index showed that 41% of the watershed had very low vulnerability and 42% had medium vulnerability, while only 1% – in the depositional zone – had high vulnerability. A one-way ANOVA was carried out to analyze the vulnerability differences among the three sections of the watershed; it showed significant differences (F (2, 16) = 8.15: p < 0.05). The a posteriori test showed differences between the headwaters and depositional zones (Tukey test, p = 0.005) and between the transfer and depositional zones (Tukey test, p = 0.014). To validate the WVI, water quality was measured at 16 stations in the watershed; there was a significant correlation between vulnerability level and NO2− levels (r = 0.8; p = 0.87; α = 0.05) and pH (r = 0.8; p = 0.80; α = 0.05). The WVI showed the cumulative effects of multiple stressors in the depositional zone of the watershed. This is the first study to evaluate and validate non-regulated watershed vulnerability with GIS using multiple anthropogenic and natural stressors.
A sustainability index for anthropized and urbanized coasts: The case of Concon Bay, central Chile
(2020) Martínez Reyes, Carolina del Pilar; López, Pablo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Qüense, Jorge; Hidalgo, Rodrigo; Arenas, Federico
The level of anthmpization in one of the most urbanized areas of central Chile (Concon Bay, 33 degrees S) is analyzed using a Coastal Sustainability Index (CSI). It is constructed from variables associated with driving forces (pressures) acting on geomorphological units with a known level of fragility (reference). The coastal conservation and intervention status was determined using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio models combined with GIS. A correlation between driving forces and a high level of sustainability indicates a high degree of conservation of these geomorphological units, while a correlation between driving forces and a moderate or low level of sustainability indicates a high degree of intervention and little conservation of these natural units. It was established that 89.7% of the total area of ConcOn Bay presented low or moderate levels of sustainability, associated with residential and industrial uses and proximity to major roads. The high sustainability areas account for only 10.3% of the total area and consist of wetlands, beaches and dune fields that are under great pressure from real estate projects and various economic activities. Based on this index and the determination of areas with different sustainability levels, it is possible to orient decision making in land-use planning to control the driving forces in highly anthmpized, urbanized coastal zones in order to incorporate conservation measures for coastal ecosystems of high natural and cultural value.
A temporal analysis of the consequences of the drought regime on the water footprint of agriculture in the Guadalupe Valley, Mexico
(2024) Novoa, Vanessa; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Rojas, Octavio; Ahumada-Rudolph, Ramón; Moreno-Santoyo, Rebeca; CEDEUS (Chile)
Changes in water availability have a substantial impact on the sustainability and maintenance of agriculture, with water footprint (WF) being a robust methodology to assess these transformations. The Guadalupe Valley is one of the places with the highest agricultural production in Mexico. Despite its semi-arid climatic conditions, it provides high-quality crops that are well-positioned in the world. The historical trend of rainfall and temperatures between 1987 and 2017 was analyzed to identify climatic patterns in the territory. Through the calculations of the water footprint of Grapevine and Olive crops, the sensitivity of the crops to recurrent water deficit and their adaptation in their yields to drought episodes was identified. The reduction in precipitation and occurrence of extreme temperatures have contributed significantly towards augmenting crop evapotranspiration and, consequently, intensifying crop irrigation demands. As a result, there has been an apparent increase in the consumption of WFagricultural since 2007. Thus, the period of highest WFagricultural consumption was 2014 (Extremely dry), as opposed to 2011 (Very wet). In particular, the lowest WFgreen consumptions were observed in extremely dry years, that is, > 20% of the WFagricultural intensifying drought events. Therefore, these periods were compensated with higher uses of WFblue and WFgray, which are inversely correlated with precipitation, where vine crops consume 73% more WFagricultural compared to olive plantations, showing greater interannual variability. These results contribute to analyzing the temporal evolution of water consumption for agriculture, providing a basis for rational water use strategies.
Acceder caminando a los humedales urbanos: una opotunidad de recreación y bienestar
(Universidad del Bío Bío, 2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Jorquera Guajardo, Felipe Ignacio; Steiniger, Stefan; CEDEUS (Chile)
Los humedales de las ciudades chilenas constituyen uno de los ecosistemas urbanos más afectados por los desarrollos inmobiliarios. A pesar de sus valores en recreación y en biodiversidad, sufren una constante pérdida de superficie, debido a deficientes procesos de planificación urbana. Sin embargo, ante el auge de las ciudades verdes y sustentables, se están revalorizando por medio de proyectos de restauración y de parques urbanos abiertos, de valor natural para el bienestar de los hábitats y la población. En este sentido, propiciar una accesibilidad con una infraestructura adecuada aportará a mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes y por supuesto del entorno urbano, concretamente a través de la integración de infraestructura verde-azul (blue-green infrastructure). Con la finalidad de contribuir al acceso a la naturaleza en ciudades, se realiza aquí un análisis de accesibilidad a pie, a una red de humedales llamada “La Ruta del Agua”, mediante una encuesta de percepción. Los humedales urbanos evaluados son 5 ecosistemas con distintos entornos barriales en Concepción Metropolitano (Chile). Si bien se trata de un caso de estudio local, representa una contribución metodológica relevante, dada la existencia de una gran cantidad de humedales urbanos degradados en Latinoamérica y en peligro de desaparecer. Los resultados de acceso muestran que los humedales son accesibles por vía de la caminata, pero el hecho de que sean poco visitados, pese a su cercanía a las zonas residenciales, revela su falta de integración como espacios abiertos, verdes, ricos en biodiversidad y aptos para la recreación en la ciudad de Concepción. Los resultados de este estudio son valiosos para el diseño de futuros de proyectos de parques en humedales, parques que deben considerar los valores ecosistémicos, la biodiversidad y la recreación para el bienestar de las personas.
Accesibilidad a equipamientos colectivos según movilidad y modos de transporte en una ciudad media, Los Ángeles, Chile
(Universidad Compultense Madrid, 2019) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Martínez Bascuñán, Marcela; De la Fuente Contreras, Helen; Schäfer Faulbaum, Andrés; Aguilera Saéz, Felipe; Fuentes Mella, Gloria; Peyrín Fuentes, Consuelo; Carrasco Montagna Cruz, Juan
La relación entre distribución de equipamientos y servicios en sus diferentes ni-veles de accesibilidad según modos de transporte, muestra una serie de patrones espaciales de movilidad en la ciudad de Los Ángeles (Chile). El estudio analiza la accesibilidad a equipamientos colectivos en modos de transporte, mediante una serie indicadores cuantitativos, utilizando análisis de redes. Se emplean datos de viajes en modos de transporte privado, público y caminata, de la encuesta Origen-Destino (2004). Los resultados evidencian diferencias en la accesibilidad entre el centro y periferia de Los Ángeles. De hecho, la población del centro tiene alta acce-sibilidad, concentrando las mayores y mejores oportunidades. En contraste, la po-blación periférica en crecimiento que, en su mayoría, viaja largas distancias para acceder, especialmente en caminata. Este análisis contribuye a discutir sobre las implicancias de las oportunidades y el papel del transporte en la movilidad de ciu-dades medias de Latinoamérica con un centro preponderante.
Accesibilidad para ciudades equitativas
(RIL Editores, 2024) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Vecchio, Giovanni; Ladrón de Guevara González, Felipe Andrés
Este libro analiza a fondo el concepto de accesibilidad, al centro de un cambio de paradigma en la planificación urbana y de la movilidad. Desde América Latina, el libro aborda las dimensiones sociales, medioambientales y espaciales relacionadas con la movilidad y su significado para la vida cotidiana de las personas, mostrando la importancia de planificar para la accesibilidad frente a los desafíos de ciudades y territorios desiguales. Organizado en cuatro partes, el texto amplía las miradas académicas y profesionales sobre la accesibilidad con una perspectiva propia del Sur Global, explorando la interseccionalidad del concepto, su relación con el entorno construido, los bienes comunes y la ciudad de las oportunidades. El libro ofrece así una perspectiva interdisciplinaria basada en el trabajo de científicos chilenos activos en territorios diversos, aspirando a ser una introducción a la accesibilidad como base que fundamente el desarrollo de soluciones inclusivas para territorios más sostenibles, justos y resilientes, permitiendo comprender y mejorar la calidad de vida en las ciudades chilenas y latinoamericanas.
AccesoBarrio - Medición de la accesibilidad urbana usando perfiles demográficos y Openstreetmap Neighborhood access
(2018) Steiniger, Stefan; Fuentes, Cristian; Villegas, Rodrigo; Ardiles, Ricardo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Poorazizi, Ebrahim
Accessibility disturbances to the biodiversity of urban wetlands due to built environment
(2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Sepúlveda Zúñiga, Einer Alexander; Jorquera Guajardo, Felipe Ignacio; Munizaga, Juan; Pino, Joan; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales; Universidad de Concepción; Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
Urbanization and urban sprawl in Latin America has led to the social and environmental challenges such as lossand fragmentation of wetland areas, negatively impacting their ecological and social benefits and biodiversity.Urban wetlands are ecosystems that are essential to Latin American cities and are recognized for both theirprotection against flooding and use as recreational spaces. Additionally, accessibility to urban wetlands can alsoincrease urban residents’ well-being. This study analyzes the city model of an urban wetland in the GreaterConcepcion ´ area (Chile, South America), an area that has recently experienced urban sprawl. First, it identifies the urban fabric and modelling the urban variables of density, distance, roads, and green areas surrounding an inland wetland. Second, it evaluates the accessibility to the wetland and its effect on plant composition using a biodiversity indicator (% native and introduced plants). Literature and social enviroment movements has been showing the Concepcion ´ city is growing with no regard for its urban wetland, and its biodiversity is not considered in urban planning. Still, urban wetland remains does have potential benefits for people, species, and possible recreational opportunities. The study contributes to the discussion of the unsustainable spatial model of urbanization interacts with wetland accessibility and with disturbance to biodiversity; the results represent input for urban planning in order to restoring an integrated wetland within cities and improve accessibility by including natural urban wetlands as green infrastructure
Accessibility Indicators for the Geographical Assessment of Transport Planning in Latin-America Metropolitan Area
(MDPI, 2021) Martínez, Marcela ; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Condeço-Melhorado, Ana; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; CEDEUS (Chile)
Accessibility represents a key element in strengthening developed regions in terms of investment in transportation infrastructure. Accessibility is also an equity indicator to measure the ease with which a specific location achieves desired outcomes as well as the spillover effect; traditionally, these effects have been analyzed with econometric and engineering techniques, rather than from the perspective of geographical studies. The purpose of this research is to measure the spillover effects and the territorial cohesion of Infrastructure Regional Planning (PRI) for the Latin American metropolitan area of Concepción (MAC), Chile. To meet this purpose, locational and network efficiency indicators of spatial accessibility were calculated using network analysis in GIS. The results showed that the improvements differ according to the accessibility indicator employed; however, they generally showed benefits in consolidated urban centers and corridors near investment and industrial areas. In contrast, more distant and rural areas presented limited and irregular benefits.
Actitudes de mujeres hacia la electromovilidad
(2024) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Vecchio, Giovanni; Waintrub, Natan; CEDEUS (Chile)
La investigación indaga en la relación entre género y electromovilidad en Santiago de Chile por medio de una encuesta, centrándose en cómo las mujeres adoptan prácticas de movilidad eléctrica en un contexto de carbono neutralidad. El objetivo principal es entender las actitudes de las mujeres hacia la electromovilidad y su disposición a modificar sus hábitos de transporte hacia modos más sustentables. La metodología incluye una encuesta telefónica aplicada a mujeres mayores de 18 años en cuatro comunas de la región metropolitana de Santiago: La Pintana, San Miguel, Ñuñoa y Las Condes, la cual explora sus experiencias y percepciones sobre diferentes modos de transporte eléctrico. Los resultados revelan un uso predominante del metro, el cual ya es un modo eléctrico. Respecto de otros modos eléctricos, aunque existe una conciencia general sobre los beneficios ambientales de la electromovilidad, la adopción de vehículos eléctricos y la bicicleta eléctrica está condicionada por factores económicos, sociales y de infraestructura. Las mujeres en comunas de menores ingresos muestran una alta disposición a adoptar modos eléctricos solo si se superan las barreras económicas y de acceso. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de políticas inclusivas y equitativas que no solo promuevan la movilidad eléctrica, sino que también aborden las desigualdades existentes en el acceso a tecnologías y mejoren la percepción de seguridad entre las usuarias.
Agenda Pública para la Zona Costera e Islas
(Instituto de Estudios Urbanos y Territoriales, PUC, 2022) Bergamini Ladrón de Guevara, Kay Joaquín; Guzmán Martínez, Pablo; Moris Iturrieta, Roberto; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Vecchio, Giovanni; Alarcón Miranda, Andrea Francisca; CEDEUS (Chile)
Actualmente las zonas costeras están sometidas a grandes transformaciones, ya sea por las presiones que genera el cambio climático o las de carácter antrópico provocadas por el crecimiento de población en asentamientos costeros. En este sentido, se vuelve indispensable enfocar esfuerzos académicos en estos territorios, debido a los grandes desafíos que enfrentan desde la planificación territorial y urbana. El Núcleo de Planificación Integrada de Zonas Costeras e Islas, durante el año 2021 buscó visibilizar la situación actual de la costa chilena y colaborar en consensos de lineamientos y objetivos de una agenda preliminar destinada a abordar las problemáticas de estas zonas. Para esto, se organizaron tres actividades con invitados del mundo académico, estudiantes, profesionales y representantes de la sociedad ad hoc a la temática, denominadas Conversaciones Creativas de PIZIS, sumado a una instancia de presentación en modalidad de conversatorio. Como metodología de trabajo se ocupó el Método MAPGUÍA Conversaciones Creativas, para fomentar el trabajo colaborativo y la coproducción con un total de 48 participantes en todo el proceso. Como resultados de los talleres, en una primera instancia se obtuvo un diagnóstico, donde se reconocieron las principales tensiones que sufren las zonas costeras, sumado a la identificación de cuatro macrotemas que son fundamentales de abordar: Gobernanza y Planificación Integrada, Gestión de Riesgo y Cambio Climático, Desarrollo Sustentable y Economía Circular, y por último Diseño Urbano e Infraestructura. Posteriormente se avanzó en la definición de los componentes y objetivos que debe considerar la Agenda preliminar de Políticas Públicas, los cuales permitieron determinar ocho temas claves para abordar los desafíos a nivel país en la Agenda, y en orden de jerarquía fueron los siguientes: Adaptación al Cambio Climático, Gobernanza de Zona Costera e Islas, Escasez y Gestión Hídrica, Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza, Resiliencia y Gestión de Riesgo, Propiedad y Gestión de Suelo, Geopolítica y Desarrollo Territorial, y Empleo y Espacios Productivos. Con las directrices de una Agenda preliminar de Zonas Costeras e Islas del país, se espera fortalecer la investigación científica y aplicada con el propósito de incidir de manera concreta en políticas públicas que busquen reconocer y valorar la zona costera por medio de una planificación integrada y sustentable.
Antropización y pérdida de naturalidad en la zona costera: el caso del humedal Los Batros, San Pedro de La Paz Concepción.
(Serie GeoLibros, 2019) Martínez Quintero, Ana Carolina; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Quense Abarzúa, Jorge Rolando; López Filun, Pablo Andrés; Ruiz Barrientos, Vannia Constanza; Cifuentes, Vanessa; Martínez, C.; Hidalgo, R.; Henríquez, C.; Arenas, F.; Rangel, N.; Contreras, M.; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Geografía
Área Metropolitana de Concepción: algunas dinámicas espaciales relacionadas a la sostenibilidad urbana
(2010) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Salado García, María Jesús; Pino Vilalta, Joan; Carles Martori, Joan
Assessment of the flood mitigation ecosystem service in a coastal wetland and potential impact of future urban development in Chile
(2022) Rojas, Octavio; Soto, Evelyn; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; López, J. Javier; CEDEUS (Chile)
A worldwide increase in flooding due to climate change and population growth in exposed areas is expected, especially in coastal areas; therefore, nature-based solutions (NBS) for risk reduction are necessary to increase the resilience of cities, particularly in developing countries, which usually lack large budgets for structural measures but have natural areas such as wetlands that can be used as NBS. The flood mitigation ecosystem service of a coastal wetland in central Chile was analyzed. Using hydrological and topo-bathymetric data, two flood hazard scenarios were modeled: (i) S1 current and (ii) S2 projected, which was established based on land-use planning instruments and urban projects developed since 1954. Flood hazard maps for different return periods were obtained and indicators related to the mitigation potential of the wetland were calculated. It was proven that urban project development has intensified since 2000, mainly in the form of real estate development, with an increase in occupation of 50%, and the wetland area is projected to be further reduced by around one third, decreasing potential flood mitigation. Thus, for an extreme return period, in this case 500 years, the water volume stored by the wetland would decrease by more than 38% and the flooded area of the wetland by 30%, increasing flooding and vulnerability of the urban area, with various repercussions for surrounding neighborhoods and infrastructure. The number of people and homes affected would increase by around 6% and 8%, respectively, such that the affected land value would reach an additional US$55 million, which would be very detrimental in a city that has seen its natural spaces encroached upon by gray infrastructure. This research reaffirms the need to support the restoration and conservation of coastal wetlands under pressure from urban development in an area with a lack of green infrastructure planning.
Caminando a los parques urbanos: Calidad y acceso público
(Universidad Austral de Chile, 2020) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; De la Fuente-Contreras, Helen; Díaz-Muñoz, Sebastián; Rueda-Seguel, Ivonne; Olguín-Carrillo, Natalia; Gallardo, Marta; CEDEUS (Chile)
Los parques urbanos son espacios verdes caracterizados por su concepción multifuncional que incorpora, junto a la vegetación y las áreas de paseo y estanciales, zonas de juego, deportivas o de ocio. Por su tamaño y composición aportan beneficios sociales y físicos a la ciudadanía además de ecológicos y medioambientales a la propia ciudad. Vivir próximos a ellos es clave para mejorar la calidad de vida. Este estudio mide el acceso a pie de residentes con diferentes perfiles demográficos a trece parques urbanos clasificados según su calidad en la ciudad de Concepción, Chile. Los resultados muestran que los adultos y niños disponen de un acceso expedito a parques de calidad, mientras que los adultos mayores, aquejados de mayores problemas de movilidad y una distribución residencial más central, presentan los peores datos independientemente de la calidad de los parques existentes
Coastal Evolution in a Wetland Affected by Large Tsunamigenic Earthquakes in South-Central Chile: Criteria for Integrated Coastal Management
(MDPI, 2021) Martínez Reyes, Carolina Del Pilar; Sepúlveda Zuñiga, Einer Alexander; Villagrán, Mauricio; Rojas, Octavio; Gómez, Matias; López, Pablo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; CEDEUS (Chile)
The coastal evolution of the microtidal Tubul-Raqui wetland in south-central Chile (36 degrees S), which historically has been affected by large earthquakes and tsunamis, particularly the 1960 (Mw = 9.5) and 2010 (Mw = 8.8) subduction earthquakes and their associated tsunamis, is analyzed. Historical aerial photographs and topographic and bathymetric surveys from the 1961-2017 period, as well as salinity, sediment, and flora data obtained following the 2010 earthquake were used for comparison with data from prior to the event. A steady state of the shoreline was established, with an average erosion rate of -0.016 m/year in the 1961-2017 period. However, erosion predominated in the period between these two large earthquakes (1961-2009), with an average rate of -0.386 m/year. The wetland dried up, partially recovered saline intrusion a year later, and recovered the salinity conditions it had before the earthquake two years later. The postearthquake effects on the floristic composition were not significant, with the species Spartina densiflora, which presented a high tolerance to these types of changes, predominating. Moreover, 75 percent of the taxa in pre- and postearthquake conditions coincided, with the halophyte species Spartina densiflora, Sarcocornia fructicosa, and Cotula coronopifolia predominating, while the best-conserved community was Spartina-Sarcocornia association located in the saltmarsh. Seven years after the earthquake, the shoreline presented an accretion rate of 2.935 m/year; if the current tectonic conditions prevail, an erosive trend can be expected in the coming decades. The morphological variability and the changes associated with the shoreline in this wetland are strongly controlled by tectonic factors. Criteria aimed at integrated coastal management to promote its occupancy and use in accordance with its evolutionary dynamics are proposed.
Coastal Wetlands: Ecosystems Affected by Urbanization?
(2020) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Novoa, Vanessa; Rojas, Octavio; Ahumada-Rudolph, Ramón; Sáez, Katia; Fierro, Pablo
Coastal wetlands are ecosystems that provide multiple benefits to human settlements; nonetheless, they are seriously threatened due to both a lack of planning instruments and human activities associated mainly with urban growth. An understanding of their functioning and status is crucial for their protection and conservation. Two wetlands with different degrees of urbanization, Rocuant-Andalién (highly urbanized) and Tubul-Raqui (with little urbanization), were analyzed using temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, granulometry, fecal coliform, and macroinvertebrate assemblage variables in summer and winter. In both wetlands marked seasonality in salinity, temperature and sediment texture classification, regulated by oceanic influence and changes in the freshwater budget, was observed. In the Rocuant-Andalién wetland, the increases in pH, dissolved oxygen, gravel percentage, and coliform concentration were statistically significant. Urbanization generated negative impacts on macroinvertebrate assemblage structure that inhabit the wetlands; greater richness and abundance (8.5 times greater) were recorded in the Tubul-Raqui wetland than in the more urbanized wetland. The multivariate statistical analysis reflects the alteration of these complex systems.
Construyendo un modelo de datos para el planeamiento urbano
(2007) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra
Decálogo para la sustentabilidad urbana: propuestas de política pública desde la investigación 2013-2023
(Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2024) Bustamante Gómez, Waldo; Fuentes Arce, Luis; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Alvarez Vandeputte, Martín; Bonilla Meléndez, Carlos Alberto; Coo, Sofía; Cortés, Sandra; Encinas Pino, Felipe; Hernández González, Manuel; CEDEUS (Chile)
Aunque los patrones de desarrollo de las ciudades son uno de los principales responsables de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, el consumo de recursos y la generación de desechos, las ciudades son la mayor clave para enfrentar los desafíos de la sostenibilidad. Solo las ciudades tienen la capacidad de modificar en forma masiva las actuales tendencias, pues los cambios no dependen de la voluntad o conciencia individual, sino del impacto colectivo de la implementación de políticas públicas sostenibles en transporte, vivienda, edificaciones energética – mente eficientes, energía renovable, gestión de residuos, infraestructuras verdes y regeneración urbana.

Browsing by Author "Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra"

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