Browsing by Author "Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13
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    A sustainability index for anthropized and urbanized coasts: The case of Concon Bay, central Chile
    (2020) Martínez Reyes, Carolina del Pilar; López, Pablo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Qüense, Jorge; Hidalgo, Rodrigo; Arenas, Federico
    The level of anthmpization in one of the most urbanized areas of central Chile (Concon Bay, 33 degrees S) is analyzed using a Coastal Sustainability Index (CSI). It is constructed from variables associated with driving forces (pressures) acting on geomorphological units with a known level of fragility (reference). The coastal conservation and intervention status was determined using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio models combined with GIS. A correlation between driving forces and a high level of sustainability indicates a high degree of conservation of these geomorphological units, while a correlation between driving forces and a moderate or low level of sustainability indicates a high degree of intervention and little conservation of these natural units. It was established that 89.7% of the total area of ConcOn Bay presented low or moderate levels of sustainability, associated with residential and industrial uses and proximity to major roads. The high sustainability areas account for only 10.3% of the total area and consist of wetlands, beaches and dune fields that are under great pressure from real estate projects and various economic activities. Based on this index and the determination of areas with different sustainability levels, it is possible to orient decision making in land-use planning to control the driving forces in highly anthmpized, urbanized coastal zones in order to incorporate conservation measures for coastal ecosystems of high natural and cultural value.
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    Accessibility disturbances to the biodiversity of urban wetlands due to built environment
    (2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Sepúlveda Zúñiga, Einer Alexander; Jorquera Guajardo, Felipe Ignacio; Munizaga, Juan; Pino, Joan; CEDEUS (Chile)
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    Actitudes de mujeres hacia la electromovilidad
    (2024) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Vecchio, Giovanni; Waintrub, Natan; CEDEUS (Chile)
    La investigación indaga en la relación entre género y electromovilidad en Santiago de Chile por medio de una encuesta, centrándose en cómo las mujeres adoptan prácticas de movilidad eléctrica en un contexto de carbono neutralidad. El objetivo principal es entender las actitudes de las mujeres hacia la electromovilidad y su disposición a modificar sus hábitos de transporte hacia modos más sustentables. La metodología incluye una encuesta telefónica aplicada a mujeres mayores de 18 años en cuatro comunas de la región metropolitana de Santiago: La Pintana, San Miguel, Ñuñoa y Las Condes, la cual explora sus experiencias y percepciones sobre diferentes modos de transporte eléctrico. Los resultados revelan un uso predominante del metro, el cual ya es un modo eléctrico. Respecto de otros modos eléctricos, aunque existe una conciencia general sobre los beneficios ambientales de la electromovilidad, la adopción de vehículos eléctricos y la bicicleta eléctrica está condicionada por factores económicos, sociales y de infraestructura. Las mujeres en comunas de menores ingresos muestran una alta disposición a adoptar modos eléctricos solo si se superan las barreras económicas y de acceso. Los resultados subrayan la necesidad de políticas inclusivas y equitativas que no solo promuevan la movilidad eléctrica, sino que también aborden las desigualdades existentes en el acceso a tecnologías y mejoren la percepción de seguridad entre las usuarias.
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    Construyendo un modelo de datos para el planeamiento urbano
    (2007) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra
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    La dinámica de expansión urbana del área metropolitana de Concepción
    (2014) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Muñiz, Iván; De la Fuente, Helen E.
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    Modelación en sig de indicadores de transporte en el marco de la sostenibilidad urbana
    (2008) De Carvalho Cantergiani, Carolina; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Salado García, María Jesús
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    Patrones de urbanización en la biodiversidad de humedales urbanos en Concepción metropolitano
    (2015) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Sepúlveda Zúñiga, Einer; Barbosa, Olga; Rojas, Octavio; Martínez Reyes, Carolina del Pilar
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    Regulation and Protection of Urban Wetlands: A Comparative Analysis in Chile, Colombia, and Peru
    (Springer, 2024) Moschella, Paola; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Aldana-Domínguez, Juanita; Stamm, Caroline Andre; Velásquez, Carlos Javier; Capera, Ingrid
    Latin American countries have a set of legal instruments and public policies that contribute to the protection of urban wetlands against the pressure of city expansion that threatens their extent and quality. With the aim of discussing the role of public policies and regulations in the protection of urban wetlands, the situation in Chile, Colombia, and Peru is analyzed in a comparative manner. These countries are examples of diverse regulations and wetland biodiversity in urban environments. Legal instruments for environmental protection and conservation, spatial planning, and urban planning relevant to the management of urban wetlands are analyzed. In addition, advances in regulation and protection of urban wetlands are evaluated and contrasted based on national-level indicators. The lack of effective protection measures is demonstrated. The three countries have adhered to the Ramsar Convention to protect their wetlands and have established Ramsar sites; however, their existence does not stop the pressures and threats to the wetlands. It is identified that Peru has a larger surface area of Ramsar sites and that Colombia has the most extensive Ramsar urban wetland. It is highlighted that Chile has a recent urban wetlands law, while in Colombia and Peru the category of urban wetland does not exist in legislation. Meanwhile, in the protected natural areas, urban wetlands practically have no presence. Among the main weaknesses are the disarticulation between sectors and planning scales; in addition to outdated planning instruments regarding current challenges such as climate change, the water crisis, and the loss of biodiversity.
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    Sistemas de Información Geográfica aplicados en el diseño de una plataforma SIG-WEB para la gestión integral del sistema de transporte
    (2018) Martínez, Marcela; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Gutiérrez, Jhonny; Borjas, Cristian
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    Spatiotemporal vegetation dynamics in a highly urbanized Chilean coastal wetland: Insights on long-term natural and anthropogenic influences
    (2024) Munizaga, Juan; Rojas, Octavio; Lagos, Bernardo; Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Yepez, Santiago; Hernández, Esteban; Ureta, Fernando; de la Barrera, Francisco; Jato-Espino, Daniel; CEDEUS (Chile)
    This study analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of the vegetation of a highly urbanized coastal wetland in the 2000–2020 period, considering natural disturbances and anthropogenic stressors. The wetland system was stratified into four domains: Coastal, Intertidal, Freshwater, and Urban, differentiated by their geomorphological, topographical, and water salinity characteristics, which were validated by ground vegetation sampling. In these domains, spectral indicators of vegetation were used on 884 Landsat images in the Google Earth Engine to determine vegetation types, trends, and phenology. The start of the growing season coincides with the beginning of the Austral winter, exhibiting seasonal behavior, which was interrupted by abrupt natural disturbances such as floods and tsunamis. In addition, a progressive trend associated with the replacement of native species by exotic species was reported in areas with significant anthropogenic stressors (e.g., highways, city edges, and grazing areas), with 45 % presenting an increase in the normalized difference vegetation index. Areas far from anthropogenic stressors maintained their behavior, which is explained by natural factors such as precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration. The proposed method strengthens our understanding of the interrelationship between factors that modify the behavior of vegetation in coastal wetlands pressured by anthropogenic stressors and contributes to their management and protection.
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    Tendencias de las emisiones de GEI de hogares por uso de energía en cuatro ciudades chilenas durante el COVID-19
    (2022) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra; Pierre Simon, Francois Pierre; Muñiz, Iván; Quintana, Marc; Irarrázaval Irarrázaval, Felipe Andrés; Stamm, Caroline Andre Astrid; Santos, Benedita
    Los cambios en los patrones de consumo doméstico de energía observados durante la pandemia de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) han tenido un impacto enlas emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI)de los hogares. El documento presenta los hallazgosde una encuesta dirigida a 1200 hogares en cuatrociudades del centro-sur de Chile, que proporciona lainformación para calcular directamente las emisionesde GEI relacionadas con el uso residencial de energía.Los resultados muestran que las emisiones de GEIrelacionadas con la calefacción han aumentado moderadamente durante la pandemia del COVID-19 (entre el1 y el 6%), mientras que las emisiones del consumo deelectricidad y gas para usos distintos a la calefacción hanaumentado significativamente (entre el 8 y el 23%). Estoha perjudicado la economía de los hogares, destacandola importancia de considerar aspectos socioeconómicosal evaluar el impacto del COVID-19 en las emisiones deGEI de los hogares.
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    Urban Wetlands Protection Law in Chile. A Successful Tool for Urban Planning
    (Springer, 2024) Rojas Quezada, Carolina Alejandra
    Urban wetlands in Chile have been recognized as spaces of biodiversity, recreation, flood mitigation, and other benefits. They have also been highly valued by the population and defended by the community, especially in the face of alterations to their hydrological cycle and loss of surface area, giving rise to a strong and organized movement in defense of urban wetlands. At the same time, one of the most significant laws in environmental terms for Chile, considered one of the most neoliberal countries in the world, was being developed. The law for the protection of Urban Wetlands 21.202, enacted in 2020, aims to halt indiscriminate real estate development on wetlands and integrate them into city planning.From a scientific perspective, this chapter addresses the role of scientific evidence in achieving this law, presenting various case studies that allowed for a focus on sustainability and territorial planning in the law’s development. Nowadays, more than 10,000 ha of wetlands have been declared, presenting a significant opportunity for the development of green infrastructure projects and nature-based solutions.