Browsing by Author "Rodriguez, Sebastian"

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    Biomechanical analysis of expert anesthesiologists and novice residents performing a simulated central venous access procedure
    (2021) Villagrán Gutiérrez, Ignacio Andrés; Moenne Vargas, Cristóbal Matías; Aguilera Siviragol, Victoria Ignacia; Garcia, Vicente; Reyes, Jose Tomas; Rodriguez, Sebastian; Miranda Mendoza, Constanza; Altermatt Couratier, Fernando René; Fuentes López, Eduardo; Delgado Bravo, Mauricio Antonio; Neyem, Andrés
    Background Central venous access (CVA) is a frequent procedure taught in medical residencies. However, since CVA is a high-risk procedure requiring a detailed teaching and learning process to ensure trainee proficiency, it is necessary to determine objective differences between the expert’s and the novice’s performance to guide novice practitioners during their training process. This study compares experts’ and novices’ biomechanical variables during a simulated CVA performance. Methods Seven experts and seven novices were part of this study. The participants’ motion data during a CVA simulation procedure was collected using the Vicon Motion System. The procedure was divided into four stages for analysis, and each hand’s speed, acceleration, and jerk were obtained. Also, the procedural time was analyzed. Descriptive analysis and multilevel linear models with random intercept and interaction were used to analyze group, hand, and stage differences. Results There were statistically significant differences between experts and novices regarding time, speed, acceleration, and jerk during a simulated CVA performance. These differences vary significantly by the procedure stage for right-hand acceleration and left-hand jerk. Conclusions Experts take less time to perform the CVA procedure, which is reflected in higher speed, acceleration, and jerk values. This difference varies according to the procedure’s stage, depending on the hand and variable studied, demonstrating that these variables could play an essential role in differentiating between experts and novices, and could be used when designing training strategies.
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    Governance of Water in Southern Chile: An Analysis of the Process of Indigenous Consultation as a Part of Environmental Impact Assessment
    (2021) Hohl, Johanna; Rodriguez, Sebastian; Siemon, Jo; Videla, Angelica
    The management and organization of water resources shapes complex territorial scenarios. This is seen in south-central Chile, where the construction of hydropower plants in Indigenous territories has strained relations between the state, the Mapuche people and hydropower companies. We analyze the Indigenous consultation process to identify the relations between actors and the role of state institutions to evaluate the extent to which these facilitate collective action. Using a case study methodology and qualitative analysis, we identify challenges to water governance, which relate to the degree of heterogeneity of communities; power inequalities within the consultation process and their influence on structures of decision-making.
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    Open educational resources for distributed hands-on teaching in molecular biology
    (2025) Cerda Rojas, Ariel Patricio; Castillo-Navarrete, Juan Luis; Aravena Lazo, Alejandro Daniel; Zapata Romero, Valentina Paz; Arce Medina, Anibal Andres; Araya, Wladimir ; Gallardo, Domingo; Aviles, Javiera; Quero, Francisco; Nuñez, Isaac; Matute, Tamara ; Navarro, Felipe ; Blanco Zepeda, Marta Victoria; Velozo Caballero, Sebastian Ignacio; Rodriguez, Sebastian; Aguilera, Sebastian; Chateau Gannon, Francisco; Olivares Donoso, Ruby Carolina; Ramirez-Sarmiento, Cesar; Federici, Fernan
    The urgent need to develop a more equitable bioeconomy has positioned biotechnology capacity building at the forefront of international priorities. However, in many educational institutions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, this remains a major challenge due to limited access to reagents, equipment, and technical documentation. In this work, we describe Open Educational Resources (OER) composed of locally produced biological reagents, open source hardware and free software to teach fundamental techniques in biotechnology such as LAMP DNA amplification, RT-PCR RNA detection, enzyme kinetics and fluorescence imaging. The use of locally produced reagents and devices reduces costs by up to one order of magnitude. During the pandemic lockdowns, these tools were distributed nationwide to students’ homes as a lab-in-a-box for remote teaching of molecular biology. To test their performance, a total of 93 undergraduate students tested these resources during a biochemistry practical course. 27 out of 31 groups (~87%) successfully achieved the objectives of the PCR activity, while 28 out of 31 groups (~90%) correctly identified the target using LAMP reactions. To assess the potential application in secondary school, we organized three workshops for high school teachers from different institutions across Chile and performed an anonymous questionnaire, obtaining a strong agreement on how these OER broaden teachers’ perspectives on the techniques and facilitate the teaching of molecular biology topics. This effort was made possible through a close collaboration with open source technology advocates and members of DIYbio communities, whose work is paving the way for low-cost training in biology. All the protocols and design files are available under open source licenses