Browsing by Author "Reyes Placencia, Diego Armando"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Comparison of OLGA and OLGIM as predictors of gastric cancer in a Latin American population: the ECHOS Study
    (2024) Latorre Selvat, Gonzalo Ignacio; Silva Peña, Felipe Andres; Montero Jaras, Isabella; Bustamante Cartagena, Miguel Alonso; Dukes Berry, Eitan Ariel; Uribe Monasterio, Javier Andres; Corsi Sotelo, Oscar Felipe; Reyes Placencia, Diego Armando; Fuentes López, Eduardo; Pizarro Rojas, Margarita Alicia; Medel Jara, Patricio Andres; Torres, Javiera; Roa, Juan Carlos; Pizarro, Sebastian; Achurra Tirado, Pablo Andres; Donoso, Andres; Wichmann Pérez, Ignacio Alberto; Corvalan, Alejandro H.; Chahuan Abde, Javier Nicolas; Candia Balboa, Roberto Andres; Aguero, Carlos; Gonzalez, Robinson; Vargas, Jose Ignacio; Espino, Alberto; Camargo, M. Constanza; Shah, Shailja C.; Riquelme, Arnoldo
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Demographic and Manometric Variables Can Independently Predict Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: The AGES-D Score
    (2025) Reyes Placencia, Diego Armando; Muñoz, Ana; Candia Balboa, Roberto Andrés; Rey, Paula; Chahuan Abde, Javier Nicolás; Gran, Ignacio; Remes-Troche, José María; Cisternas, Daniel; Monrroy, Hugo
    Objective: Conclusive diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can be challenging. When reflux monitoring is inconclusive, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) may provide additional relevant information. We aimed to identify demographic and manometric parameters associated with GERD and to propose a diagnostic score. Methods: Adult patients with GERD symptoms who underwent reflux monitoring and HRM were considered for inclusion. The gold standard for GERD diagnosis was acid exposure time (AET); patients with AET>6% and AET<4% were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. A diagnostic score was developed using parameters independently associated with GERD. Generation and validation cohorts were randomly selected in a 2:1 ratio. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC ROC). Results: A total of 391 patients met the inclusion criteria; 167 had GERD (AET>6%) and 224 did not have GERD (AET<4%). In the multivariate analysis, age, male sex, and the distance between the lower esophageal sphincter and the crural diaphragm (LES-CD) were directly associated with GERD, while esophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ-CI) and distal contractile integral (DCI) were inversely associated with GERD (p values: 0.03, <0.01, <0.01, 0.01, and 0.01, respectively). The AUC ROC of a diagnostic score based on these parameters was 0.76 and 0.82 in the generation and validation cohorts, respectively. Conclusions: In this observational study, age, male sex, LES-CD distance, EGJ-CI, and DCI (AGES-D) were independently associated with GERD. A novel score incorporating these parameters could be useful in the assessment of inconclusive cases.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Estrategias para la prevención primaria y secundaria del cáncer gástrico: Consenso chileno de panel de expertos con técnica Delfi
    (2024) Corsi Sotelo, Oscar Felipe; Pizarro Rojas, Margarita Alicia; Rollán Rodríguez, Antonio; Silva Figueroa, Verónica; Araya Jofré, Raúl; Bufadel Godoy, María Ester; Cortés González, Pablo; González Donoso, Robinson; Fuentes López, Eduardo; Latorre Selvat, Gonzalo Ignacio; Medel Jara, Patricio Andrés; Reyes Placencia, Diego Armando; Pizarro Véliz, Mauricio; Garchitorena Marqués, María Jesus; Zegers Vial, María Trinidad; Crispi Galleguillos, Francisca; Espinoza, Manuel A.; Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo Javier
    Introducción: El cáncer gástrico (CG) es la primera causa de muerte oncológica en Chile y la sexta en América Latina y el Caribe (LAC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es el principal carcinógeno gástrico y su tratamiento reduce la incidencia y mortalidad por CG. La endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA) permite la detección de condiciones premalignas y CG incipiente. No existen programas de búsqueda masiva de la infección por H. pylori ni cribado de las condiciones premalignas ni CG incipiente en LAC. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer recomendaciones para la prevención primaria y secundaria de CG en población asintomática de riesgo estándar en Chile. Métodos: Se realizaron dos talleres y un seminario sincrónicos con modalidad a distancia, con expertos chilenos. Se realizó un consenso por panel Delfi de 2 rondas hasta lograr>80% de acuerdo respecto a las estrategias de prevención primaria y secundaria propuestas para la población estratificada según grupos etarios. Resultados: Se realizaron 2 talleres y un seminario con participación de 10, 12 y 12 expertos, respectivamente. En el panel Delfi respondieron 25 de 37 (77,14%) y 28 de 52 expertos (53,85%). Para la población de 16-34 años no hubo consenso sobre testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y se descartó el uso de EDA. Entre 35-44 años se recomienda testear y tratar de forma no invasiva para H. pylori y evaluar posteriormente su erradicación con pruebas no invasivas (antígeno en deposiciones de H. pylori o prueba de aire espirado). En el grupo ≥45 años se recomienda una estrategia combinada mediante testear y tratar para H. pylori sumado a biomarcadores no invasivos (serología IgG contra H. pylori y pepsinógenos I y II séricos); luego un grupo seleccionado de sujetos, será derivado a EDA con biopsias gástricas (Protocolo Sydney), que serán utilizadas para estratificar riesgo según clasificación Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA); cada 3 años en OLGA III-IV y cada 5 años en OLGA I-II.ConclusiónSe propone una estrategia de testear y tratar la infección por H. pylori (prevención primaria) en base a estudios no invasivos en la población de 35-44 años y una estrategia combinada (serología y EDA) en población ≥45 años (prevención primaria y secundaria). Estas estrategias son potencialmente aplicables por otros países de LAC.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalence of comorbidities in Multiple Sclerosis and impact on physical disability according to disease phenotypes
    (2020) Ciampi, Ethel; Uribe San Martín, Reinaldo; Soler León, Bernardita María; Molnar, Karolyn; Reyes Placencia, Diego Armando; Keller Matamala, Karina Pascale; Cárcamo Rodríguez, Claudia Andrea
    Background: Comorbidities are prevalent among Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Few studies have characterized their prevalence and impact in Latin American populations.Objective: We aim to assess the prevalence of comorbidities and their impact on the risk of physical disability across different MS phenotypes.Methods: Cross-sectional multicenter study of patients under regular clinical care at the Programa de Esclerosis Múltiple UC and Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río in Chile. Prevalence of comorbidities was estimated from the retrospective assessment of electronic medical charts. Disease phenotypes were categorized into two groups: clinically isolated syndrome/relapsing-remitting (inflammatory group) and primary/secondary progressive MS patients (progressive group). A multivariable analysis using binary logistic regression for assessing the risk of EDSS ≥ 6.0 in each group was performed.Results: A total of 453 patients was included, 71% female, mean age at onset 31 years, mean disease duration 10 years, and median EDSS 2.0 (range 0–10). In the whole sample, most prevalent comorbidities were ever-smoking (42.2%), depression/anxiety (34.9%), thyroid disease (15.7%), hypertension (11.3%) and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus (11.0%). When assessing the risk of EDSS ≥ 6, in the inflammatory group (N = 366), age at onset (OR 1.06, 95%CI(1.02–1.11), p = 0.008), disease duration (OR 1.06, 95%CI(1.00–1.12), p = 0.039) and epilepsy comorbidity (OR 5.36, 95%CI(1.33–21.5), p = 0.018) were associated with a higher risk of disability. In the progressive group (N = 87), disease duration was a risk factor (OR 1.08 95%CI(1.02–1.16), p = 0.014), while shorter diagnostic delay (OR 0.91 95%CI(0.85–0.99), p = 0.025) and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity were protective factors (OR 0.18 95%CI(0.04–0.83), p = 0.028), 72% of these patients were receiving metformin.Conclusions: Comorbidities are common across different MS disease phenotypes. Epilepsy seems particularly related with a higher risk of physical disability in relapsing-remitting patients, while the role of insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus or the impact of metformin use as a protective factor should be further studied. Prospective and larger studies are still needed in order to assess the real impact of comorbidities and their management in MS outcomes.