Browsing by Author "Reinel, Mahaira "

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    "Emotional drinking" during quarantine by COVID-19 in Chile: the role of depressive symptoms on problematic alcohol consumption
    (2023) Reinel, Mahaira; Quevedo, Yamil; Hernandez, Cristobal; Mino, Viviana; Rojas, Andres
    Aim To assess the pattern of alcohol consumption in the Chilean adult population in association with depressive symptoms in the context of the COVID-19 quarantine. Methods A correlational and transversal study was conducted. Alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms were measured through an online survey, including the PHQ-9 Chilean version and the item banks for alcohol use of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Mediational analysis models were conducted to assess whether the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic drinking was mediated by drinking to cope with negative emotions. Results 32% of the sample reported depression, 84% acknowledge having been drunk during the previous 30 days and 18% acknowledge an increase in the amount of alcohol use. The presence of depressive symptomatology positively predicts problematic alcohol consumption during the quarantine; however, when it includes analyzing the reasons for drinking alcohol, this relationship becomes negative and shows a significant mediation effect in the relationship between depressive symptomatology and problematic drinking through increased drinking to control negative emotions. Conclusion The findings suggest that during quarantine, the increase in problematic drinking is related to depressive symptoms associated with an increased urge to drink to cope with negative emotions.
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    Failure in psychotherapy: a qualitative comparative study from the perspective of patients diagnosed with depression
    (2022) Suárez-Delucchi, Nicolás ; Keith-Paz, Alex ; Reinel, Mahaira ; Fernandez, Sofía ; Krause, Mariane
    This qualitative study's objective was to understand how failure in psychotherapy develops from depressed patients' perspective. Forty-seven patients were interviewed after brief psychotherapy. Data analysis was conducted according to Grounded Theory. Patients evaluated their own psychotherapies' outcome according to their subjective criteria. Then, negative, positive and mixed-results evaluations were compared in the main categories. Results showed that patients reporting negative evaluations considered null or adverse outcomes as failure. Distrust in their psychotherapists (both as persons and professionals) developed in early stages of the process and was apparently hard to revert. This early onset of distrust led patients to a lack of collaboration and an unreceptive attitude. They perceived their psychotherapist as not understanding, distant, and uninterested, losing focus on relevant problems and not providing new information. The relationship was experienced as uncomfortable and distant, and sometimes became harmful. Therefore, distrust led patients to regard their psychotherapies as an unhelpful experience, in contrast to what occurred in patients with positive or mixed results evaluations. Conclusions contribute to a clarification of how patients conceptualize failure and suggest reevaluating the relevance of their perspective, which seems not to be fully reflected in current outcome measures. Clinicians should consider building trust as a baseline and encourage patients to disclose even the earliest negative feelings about treatment and psychotherapist
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    "I am strong and I can get on with my life": The subjective experience of recovery of patients treated for depression
    (2022) Fernandez, Olga; Altimir, Carolina; Reinel, Mahaira; Duarte, Javiera; Krause, Mariane
    Depression has a high prevalence throughout the world, and its management and recovery still constitute a challenge for mental health professionals. Objective : The aim of the study was to characterize the subjective experience of recovery from depression based on the perspective of those who suffer from it.
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    Rupture repair as change process and therapist challenge (Reparacion de rupturas como proceso de cambio y desafio para el terapeuta)
    (2022) Muran, J. Christopher; Lipner, Lauren M.; Podell, Samuel; Reinel, Mahaira
    Our practice-based research programme has devoted itself to the study of how psychotherapy works for over 30 years. It has focused on how to negotiate the therapeutic alliance: more specifically, on rupture resolution as a critical change process in psychotherapy. Rupture refers to moments in which the patient and therapist experience a disagreement in the tasks and goals of treatment, a deterioration in their emotional bond or a breakdown in the intersubjective negotiation of their needs. Resolution (or repair) refers to the dyadic process that patient and therapist engage in to restore the alliance and to effect a new or corrective emotional experience. Our research has not only sought to provide further definition to this process but has striven to define and evaluate training for psychotherapists to be better able to identify ruptures and resolve them. We will provide some review of the evidence-based change process literature and the cognitive, emotion and social sciences that have informed our programme, concluding with a brief introduction to our research on clinical practice.