Browsing by Author "ROSSO, P"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    CALIBERS AND MICROTUBULES OF NERVE-FIBERS - DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF UNDERNUTRITION IN DEVELOPING AND ADULT-RATS
    (1990) FAUNDEZ, V; CORDERO, ME; ROSSO, P; ALVAREZ, J
    Sural nerves of 9-week-old rats undernourished since birth, and of adult rats food-restricted for 27 and 48 days, were studied to explore the effect of severe undernutrition on the caliber and microtubules of axons in growing and non-growing animals. In 9-week-old undernourished rats, the number and caliber of myelinated fibers were normal while the cross-sectional area of non-medullated fibers was 29% smaller than controls. By contrast, in adult undernourished rats the cross-sectional area of myelinated fibers was affected sooner and to a greater extent (-28%) than that of non-medullated fibers (-23%). Regardless of age, in both controls and in undernourished rats non-medullatedfibers of equal caliber had similar microtubular content. The same was found in 3-.mu.m myelinated axons. These findings indicate that food restriction affects proportionately caliber and microtubules of axons. It is proposed that the anatomy of the axon is in a dynamic equilibrium and that microtubules participate in the specification of the axonal caliber.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOME OF PREGNANCY IN OBESE WOMEN
    (1989) TILTON, Z; HODGSON, MI; DONOSO, E; ARTEAGA, A; ROSSO, P
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    CONTROL OF PLASMA-VOLUME EXPANSION IN THE PREGNANT FOOD RESTRICTED RAT
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 1990) SALAS, SP; GODOY, R; ROSSO, P
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF A NUTRITION INTERVENTION PROGRAM FOR PREGNANT-WOMEN
    (1991) MARDONESSANTANDER, F; ROSSO, P; ZAMORA, R; MARDONESRESTAT, F; GONZALEZ, N; UITERWAAL, D
    Although costs of supplementary foods distributed to pregnant mothers by the Ministry of Health in Chile are over US$ 5 millions for 1990, its socio-economic impact has not been analyzed with experimental data. Using the results of a recent experimental comparison of powdered milk ("Purita") and a fortified milk-based product ("Vita-Nova"), the effects and public costs that "Vita-Nova" would have if introduced in Chile as a replacement of powdered milk were analized using the cost-effectiveness methodology. Target population were all low weight/height pregnant women served by the Ministry of Health in 1987. Based on the assumed favorable change in the birth weight distribution associated with the introduction of "Vita-Nova", the change in variables such as infant deaths, hospitalizations, etc., was estimated. Results of this evaluation indicate that an improvement of food products nutritional composition (i.e. "Vita-Nova") can favorably modify national health and nutrition infant indexes at a lower cost than the present use of "Purita".
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    HEMODYNAMIC-CHANGES IN UNDERWEIGHT PREGNANT-WOMEN
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 1992) ROSSO, P; DONOSO, E; BRAUN, S; ESPINOZA, R; SALAS, SP
    Twelve normal-weight and 12 underweight women were compared to test whether fetal growth retardation in underweight gravidas is related to inadequate maternal hemodynamic adjustments. Plasma volume (+/- standard error) was 3227 +/- 103 mL in normal-weight and 2731 +/- 84 mL in underweight women (P < .002). Cardiac output was 6340 +/- 167 mL/minute in controls and 5689 +/- 213 mL/minute in underweight women (P < .03). Total peripheral vascular resistance was lower in controls than in underweight subjects (1025 +/- 31 versus 1198 +/- 58 dyne/second/cm5). Mean birth weight was 2837 +/- 125 g in underweight women and 3362 +/- 106 g in controls (P < .005). Similarly, placental weight was reduced in the underweight group. All infants delivered by control mothers had a normal birth weight, whereas six infants from underweight gravidas were growth-retarded. In all cases combined, maternal plasma volume correlated significantly with both birth weight (r = 0.6, P < .002) and placental weight (r = 0.56, P < .01); total peripheral vascular resistance also correlated significantly and inversely with newborn weight and placental weight. Cardiac output correlated only with placental weight (r = 0.54, P < .02). These results are consistent with the hypothesis that underweight mothers are at higher risk of fetal growth retardation because of a smaller plasma volume and lower cardiac output.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    MATERNAL HEMODYNAMIC ADJUSTMENTS IN IDIOPATHIC FETAL GROWTH-RETARDATION
    (KARGER, 1993) ROSSO, P; DONOSO, E; BRAUN, S; ESPINOZA, R; FERNANDEZ, C; SALAS, SP
    The hemodynamic characteristics of 11 normotensive gravidas with idiopathic fetal growth retardation (FGR), were compared with 11 controls of similar age, parity and body size. At weeks 36-38 of gestation, plasma volume was 3,161 +/- 121 ml in controls and 2,624 +/- 95 ml in the FGR group (p < 0.003); cardiac output (CO) was 6,191 +/- 132 ml/min in controls and 5,483 +/- 186 ml/min in the FGR group (p < 0.01). Total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) was lower in controls than in FGR (1,031 +/- 33 vs. 1,306 +/- 62 dyn/s/cm5; p < 0.001). Birth weight was correlated with both plasma volume (r = 0.61; p < 0.01) and CO (r = 0.53; p < 0.02) and inversely correlated with TPVR (r = -0.69; p < 0.001). These results are in line with the hypothesis that a reduced plasma volume leads to a lower CO and, secondarily, to reduced uterine blood flow and FGR.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    MATERNAL PLASMA-VOLUME EXPANSION AND HORMONAL CHANGES IN WOMEN WITH IDIOPATHIC FETAL GROWTH-RETARDATION
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 1993) SALAS, SP; ROSSO, P; ESPINOZA, R; ROBERT, JA; VALDES, G; DONOSO, E
    Objective: To explore the mechanisms underlying the reduced maternal plasma volume associated with idiopathic fetal growth retardation (FGR).
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item