Browsing by Author "Pedrero, Victor"

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    A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Stigma Surrounding Type 2 Diabetes in Colombia
    (2021) Pedrero, Victor; Manzi, Jorge; Alonso, Luz Marina
    Type 2 diabetes is a global epidemic, and many people feel stigmatized for having this disease. The stigma is a relevant barrier to diabetes management. However, evidence in this regard is scarce in Latin America. This study aimed to analyze the level of stigma surrounding type 2 diabetes in the Colombian population and its relationships with sociodemographic, clinical, psychosocial variables and behaviors related to management of the disease (self-management behaviors). This cross-sectional study included 501 Colombian adults with type 2 diabetes. We estimated the relation between stigma and selected variables through linear regression models. Additionally, we analyzed the mediator role of psychosocial variables in the relationship between stigma and self-management behaviors through structural equation models. A total of 16.4% of patients showed concerning levels of stigma. The time elapsed since diagnosis (beta = -0.23) and socioeconomic status (beta = -0.13) were significant predictors of the level of stigma. Stigma was negatively correlated with self-efficacy (beta = -0.36), self-esteem (beta = -0.37), and relationship with health care provider (beta = -0.46), and positively correlated with stress (beta = 0.23). Self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the relationships with health care providers had a mediation role in the relationship between stigma and self-management behaviors. These variables would be part of the mechanisms through which the perception of stigma harms self-management behaviors. The stigma of type 2 diabetes is frequent in the Colombian population and negatively associated with important aspects of disease management.
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    Barriers to healthcare access for children with congenital heart disease in eight Latin American countries
    (2024) Lopez-Barreda, Rodrigo; Schaigorodsky, Lorena; Rodriguez-Pinto, Claudia; Salas, Wilbaldo; Munoz, Yamile; Betanco, Bianca; Angulo, Oscar; Huaman, Marina; Lejbusiewicz, Gladys; Pedrero, Victor; Pavlova, Milena; Groot, Wim; Ibla, Juan C.
    BackgroundMortality from congenital heart disease has decreased considerably in the last two decades due to improvements in overall health care. However, there are barriers to access to healthcare in Latin America for this population, which could be related to factors such as healthcare system, policies, resources, geographic, cultural, educational, and psychological factors. Understanding the barriers to access to care is of paramount importance for the design and implementation of policies and facilitate the provision of care.AimThe aim of the study was to investigate the perception of barriers to access to health care on parents/guardians of children with congenital heart disease in selected Latin American countries.MethodsA descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which parents/guardians or primary caregivers of children with congenital heart disease was recruited to participate and surveyed. Once the informed consent process had been completed, a set of paper-based scales was used to collect data, namely socioeconomic and demographic information, the Barriers to Care for Children with Special Health Care Needs Questionnaire, and the General Health Questionnaire.ResultsIn total, 286 participants completed the surveys, with an average age of 34.81 years and 73.4% being female. Mean score of overall barriers was 54.45 (minimum score 39, maximum score 195, higher scores show greater perception of barriers). In Mexico, the parents/guardians of children perceived fewer barriers to access (46.69), while Peru is the country where the most barriers were perceived (69.91). Nonpoor participants showed higher overall barrier perception scores (57.34) than poor participants (52.58). The regression analysis demonstrated the overall perception of barriers was positively associated with individual and social factors, such as educational level, contract status, household monthly income, and psychological well-being and with the country of the participants.ConclusionsMultiple factors are associated with the perception of barriers to accessing health care for children with congenital heart disease, including socioeconomic status, expectations, psychological well-being, and structural factors.
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    CURRENT HIV CHALLENGE IN CHILE: MEN'S KNOWLEDGE
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2021) Bernales, Margarita; Saez, Sebastian; Pedrero, Victor; Chepo, Macarena
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    DESCRIPTIVE FINDINGS OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE LEVEL IN HEALTH WORKERS IN CHILE
    (SPRINGER, 2018) Pedrero, Victor; Bernales, Margarita; Perez, Miguel; Fernandez, Paulina
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    EXPLAINING PRE-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS UPTAKE INTENTIONS AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN IN CHILE: AN APPROACH FORM THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2021) Silva, Camilo; Pedrero, Victor; Bernales, Margarita
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    EXPLORING HEALTH CARE ACCESS INEQUALITIES AMONG HETEROSEXUAL AND SEXUAL MINORITY WOMEN IN CHILE: IS DISCRIMINATION A RELEVANT BARRIER?
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2021) Pedrero, Victor; Chepo, Macarena; Bernales, Margarita
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    GENDER DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND HEALTH INDICATORS IN SEXUAL MINORITY IN CHILE: EVIDENCE FROM A POPULATION STUDY
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2021) Chepo, Macarena; Pedrero, Victor; Bernales, Margarita
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    Psychometric Properties of the Spanish-language Version of the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) Scale among Mothers of Preschool Children in Chile
    (2022) Corthorn, Carolina; Duncan, Larissa G.; Manzi, Jorge; Pedrero, Victor
    The Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting (IM-P) scale is one of the first measures that specifically assesses mindful parenting, a specific application of mindfulness, that has been defined as paying attention to your child and parenting in a particular way, intentionally, in the present moment, and non-judgmentally. Psychometric properties of a Spanish-language version of the IM-P scale were examined in a sample of 111 mothers of preschool-age children living in Santiago, Chile. The original IM-P model with five factors and 31 items showed indicators of goodness of fit within acceptable ranges, however two items presented extremely low factor loadings that suggest a lack of fit to the model. Also, there was a high correlation between two factors which were theoretical and conceptually very related: Compassion for the self and child and Non-judgmental Acceptance of the self and child. Therefore, it was considered appropriate to test a new four-factor model in which these two factors were merged into one, and items loading low in the previous model were eliminated. This new model showed a slightly better fit than the five-factor model. The resultant four-factor version and its subscales showed good internal consistencies. Construct validity of the IM-P scale was investigated by calculating correlations with general mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ). As expected, a significant positive correlation was found between the two measures (r=0.73, p<0.01), and among almost all subscales. In general, the results present sound psychometric properties of the Spanish translation of the IM-P in Chilean mothers of preschool children.