Browsing by Author "Padilla, Oslando"

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    An instrument in Spanish to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers by students
    (2010) Bitran, Marcela; Mena, Beltran; Riquelmel, Arnoldo; Padilla, Oslando; Sanchez, Ignacio; Moreno, Rodrigo
    Background: The modernization of clinical teaching has called for the creation of faculty development programs, and the design of suitable instruments to evaluate clinical teachers' performance. Aim: To report the development and validation of an instrument in Spanish designed to measure the students' perceptions of their clinical teachers' performance and to provide them with feedback to improve their teaching practices. Material and Methods: In a process that included the active participation of authorities, professors in charge of courses and internships, clinical teachers, students and medical education experts, we developed a 30-item questionnaire called MEDUC30 to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers by their students. The internal validity was assessed by factor analysis of 5,214 evaluations of 265 teachers, gathered from 2004 to 2007. The reliability was measured with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the generalizability coefficient (g). Results: MEDUC30 had good content and construct validity Its internal structure was compatible with four factors: patient-centered teaching, teaching skills, assessment skills and learning climate, and it proved to be consistent with the structure anticipated by the theory The scores were highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha: 0.97); five evaluations per teacher were sufficient to reach a reliability coefficient (g) of 0.8. Conclusions: MEDUC30 is a valid, reliable and useful instrument to evaluate the performance of clinical teachers. To our knowledge, this is the first instrument in Spanish for which solid validity and reliability evidences have been reported. We hope that MEDUC30 will be used to improve medical education in Spanish-speaking medical schools, providing teachers a specific feedback upon which to improve their pedagogical practice, and authorities with valuable information for the assessment of their faculty. (Rev Med Chile 2010; 138: 685-693).
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    Association of Remote Hypertension in Pregnancy With Coronary Artery Disease A Case-Control Study
    (LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2009) Valdes, Gloria; Quezada, Felipe; Marchant, Eugenio; von Schultzendorff, Astrid; Moran, Sergio; Padilla, Oslando; Martinez, Alejandro
    Because hypertensive pregnancies have been associated with increased cardiovascular disease, we aimed to identify whether angiographically characterized coronary artery disease differed in women with previous normotensive pregnancies or hypertensive pregnancies (HPs). The study group included 217 parous women, aged 60.9 +/- 9.2 (SD) years, who required coronary angiography between January 2006 and December 2007, 36.8 +/- 9.9 and 28.8 +/- 10.5 years after their first and last pregnancy, respectively; 146 had normotensive pregnancies and 71 had >= 1 HP, according to a questionnaire including reproductive history and cardiovascular risks. Body mass index, smoking, and frequency of diabetes were similar in both groups. Chronic hypertension (93% versus 78%; P=0.007), hyperlipidemia (82% versus 69%; P=0.049), and premature familial cardiovascular disease (42% versus 20%; P=0.001) prevailed in HPs. Participants with HPs were younger (58.9 +/- 8.3 versus 61.9 +/- 9.6 years; P=0.025) than participants with normotensive pregnancies. Although 49% of all participants had hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease (>= 70% stenosis), no differences were observed between groups in the number of stenotic arteries; however, their number increased by 28% and 22% over a 10-year period in HPs and normotensive pregnancies, respectively (P=0.034). Multivariate analysis showed that HPs had a nonsignificant risk of having coronary artery disease (odds ratio: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.64 to 2.28), and being a current smoker (odds ratio: 4.13; 95% CI: 1.85 to 9.25), a diabetic (odds ratio: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.85 to 9.25), or having a family history of premature cardiovascular disease (odds ratio: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.39) significantly increased the risk of coronary artery disease. This study demonstrates that women with HPs have earlier coronary disease, probably related to intermediate cardiovascular risks that have a gestational expression. (Hypertension. 2009; 53: 733-738.)
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    Higher levels of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 in cord blood associate with risk of asthma at age 3
    (2023) Castro‐Rodríguez, José Antonio; Padilla, Oslando; Casanello, Paola; Forno, Erick
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    Identificación de las necesidades de capacitación docente de los jefes de programa de especialización médica
    (2013) Herrera Riquelme, Cristian Alberto; Niklitschek, Ian; Pizarro Rojas, Margarita Alicia; Solís, Nancy; Olivos, Trinidad; Rojas, Viviana; Etcheberry, Lorena; Rivera Besa, Horacio; Muñoz, Estrella; Bitrán Carreño, Marcela; Padilla, Oslando; Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo
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    Incorporación de paciente virtual en portafolio de estudiantes de medicina de pregrado
    (2015) Figueroa, Catalina; Calvo, Ignacio; González, Carolina; Sandoval, Daniela; Padilla, Oslando; Le Roy, Catalina; Delfino, Alejandro; Arab Verdugo, Juan Pablo; Pizarro Rojas, Margarita Alicia; Solís, Nancy; Riquelme Pérez, Arnoldo