Browsing by Author "Muñoz, Juan Carlos"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Bus Rapid Transit: End of trend in Latin America?
    (Cambridge University Press, 2024) Hidalgo D.; Giesen Encina, Ricardo; Muñoz, Juan Carlos
    Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has grown fast in the last 25 years, promising low-cost, rapid implementation, and large positive impacts. Despite advances, many systems in middle- and low-income countries face operational and financial issues, particularly in Latin America. Some practitioners, researchers, and decision makers, and the media are questioning its ability to provide quality services. Is this the end of a trend? To answer this question, this paper explores the status of the BRT industry and literature on the topic, with a focus on Latin America, as well as the emblematic cases of Curitiba, Quito, Bogotá, Mexico, and Santiago. Overcrowding, lack of reliability, fare evasion, issues of safety and security, and poor maintenance are evident problems in these and other cities. They seem to be a result of institutional and financial constraints, as well as technical limitations of surface-based transit modes. BRT has been able to deliver high-capacity and fast and reliable services, but requires permanent management and investment to face growing demand and aging infrastructure and vehicles, just like rail systems do. In addition, attention needs to be provided to data, technology innovation, urban integration, and public participation to keep BRT as an integral part of multimodal high-quality sustainable mobility networks in the future.
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    Calles completas. Experiencia Internacional y aplicabilidad en Chile
    (Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2019) Echiburu Altamirano, Tomás; Fuenzalida, Jorge; Larraín Izquierdo, Homero; Mora, Rodrigo; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Vecchio, Giovanni; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Este documento aborda el concepto Calles Completas, cómo dicho enfoque ha sido adoptado en Londres y qué aspectos de esta experiencia podrían ser útiles para pensar las calles en Chile desde este paradigma, considerando la información disponible en el país. En tal sentido se propone una reclasificación de calles que integra las ideas de movilidad y espacio público, buscando un balance adecuado considerando las características y rol de cada vía. La estrategia de Calles Completas plantea que las calles deben ser acondicionadas para acoger de manera segura y cómoda las necesidades de todos sus usuarios, privilegiando los grupos y los modos de transporte más vulnerables. Asimismo, esta mirada considera que la función última de la calle no es solo servir para el transporte, sino también como espacio público para el encuentro de las personas.
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    Calles para el buen vivir: tres casos chilenos
    (Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2023) Sagaris, Lake; Echiburu Altamirano, Tomás; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Valenzuela, Luis; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Medio siglo de experimentación demuestra la efectividad de algunas estrategias para reconquistar las calles locales, para recuperar su uso para caminar, socializar, jugar. Una revisión global, realizada en el marco de una colaboración con el Transport & Health Science Group (Reino Unido), generó más de 20 estrategias. Rescatamos estos aprendizajes a la luz de tres casos en distintas comunas de Santiago de Chile: La Reina, Renca y Bellavista (Providencia). Internacionalmente, una participación ciudadana deliberante y vinculante se ha demostrado como central, pero también es necesario considerar falencias de la institucionalidad chilena, que identificamos al revisar estas experiencias.
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    Camino a ciudades sustentables: aportes desde la investigación a las políticas públicas urbanas en Chile
    (Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2018) Vives, Alejandra; Román Castillo, Álvaro Javier; Daher Hechem, Antonio; Bonilla, Carlos; Rojas, Carolina; Matus Madrid, Christian Paulo; Henríquez, Cristián; Escobar Collao, Favio Ignacio Orlando; Link Lazo, Felipe Alejandro; Suárez, Francisco; Jorquera, Héctor; Silva, Hugo; Varas, Ignacio; Rehner, Johannes; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Herrera, Josefina; Carrasco, Juan Antonio; Herrera, Juan Carlos; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Ortúzar, Juan de Dios; CEDEUS (Chile)
    La desigualdad urbana es parte habitual del paisaje de nuestras ciudades. Producto del funcionamiento del mercado neoliberal, de los procesos de individuación y de la precarización de la vida social, la ciudad se ha visto desafiada en su capacidad de integrar a los grupos más desfavorecidos. La sola acción del mercado es insuficiente para asignar espacios para la integración. Por ello, se hace necesario generar procesos y normativas que aseguren la capacidad de participación e integración a la sociedad de los más desfavorecidos.
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    Designing BRTOD: Prospects in two contexts in the Americas
    (Bristol: Policy Press, 2016) Zegras, Christopher; Stuart, Anson; Forray, Rosanna; Hidalgo Cepeda, Rocío; Figueroa, Christian; Duarte, Fabio; Wampler, Jan; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Paget-Seekins, Laurel
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    Headway regularity as an attribute for classifying bus drivers
    (2024) Martínez-Estupiñan, Yerly; Delgado Breinbauer, Felipe; Muñoz, Juan Carlos
    Different indices have been proposed in the literature to characterize headway regularity. These metrics aggregate the headway variability for a service, but none can be directly associated with a specific driver. This paper seeks to understand drivers' influence on a service's regularity. To do so, we propose four regularity indices related to a driver's performance and use the Hierarchical Clustering Analysis method to generate a classification of drivers according to their contribution to the headway regularity during the operation of a service. We characterize each class based on the driver's attributes such as age, years of experience as a driver, and years in the bus company, and those attributes associated with the operation, such as number of services per day and period of the day. The results show consistency in the classification obtained, with nearly 90% of drivers remaining in the same regularity classes regardless of the index.
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    Recuperación de plusvalías para financiar la inserción de viviendas sociales en barrios consolidados
    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2019) Labbé, Gricel; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Rocco, Víctor; Ruiz-Tagle, Javier; Schuster, Juan Pablo; Irarrázabal, Ignacio, Piña, Elisa, Letelier, Magdalena y Jeldes, María Ignacia
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    The role of perceived satisfaction and the built environment on the frequency of cycle-commuting
    (2021) Echiburú Altamirano, Tomás; Hurtubia González, Ricardo ; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Understanding how several street attributes influence the frequency of cycle commuting is relevant for policymaking in urban planning. However, to better understand the impact of the built environment on people's choices, we must understand the subjective experience of individuals while cycling. This study examines the relationship between perceived satisfaction and the attributes of the built environment along the route.Data was collected from a survey carried out within one district of Santiago’s central business district (N=2,545). It included socio-demographic information, origin-destination and route, travel behavior habits, and psychometric indicators. Two models were estimated. The first, a satisfaction latent variable model by mode, confirms previous findings in the literature, such as the correlation between cycling and a more enjoyable experience, while adding some new findings. For instance, satisfaction increases with distance and the number of trips per week. The second is a hybrid ordered logit model for cycle commuting frequency that includes satisfaction, through a structural equation, that shows this latent variable plays a significant role in travel behavior.The presence of buses along the route decreases cycling satisfaction and frequency, while the trip length and the availability of cycle paths has the opposite effect for male and female cyclists. These results allow us to understand the main factors that deliver satisfaction to cyclists and therefore induce frequent cycle commuting. Overall, our study provides evidence of the need for policymakers to focus their strategies so as to effectively promote cycling among different types of commuters.
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    Transporte y adultos mayores: ¿a un "metro" de la equidad?
    (Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, 2019) Vecchio, Giovanni; Castillo Mendoza, Bryan Williams; Steiniger, Stefan; Muñoz, Juan Carlos; CEDEUS (Chile)
    Gran parte de los habitantes de Santiago no cuentan con una estación de metro a una distancia caminable de sus hogares, lo que exige usar el sistema de buses. Esto produce un problema, especialmente a adultos mayores de bajos ingresos y de reducida autonomía física, quienes no tienen el beneficio de tarifa reducida. Para facilitar la movilidad y reducir los gastos del transporte, se propone la ampliación del Beneficio Adulto Mayor.