Browsing by Author "Moreno, Rodrigo"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    CVaR constrained planning of renewable generation with consideration of system inertial response, reserve services and demand participation
    (2016) Inzunza, Andres; Moreno, Rodrigo; Bernales, Alejandro; Rudnick, Hugh
    Integration of renewable generation can lead, to both diversification of energy sources (which can improve the overall economic performance of the power sector) and cost increase due to the need for further resources to provide flexibility and thus secure operation from unpredictable, variable and asynchronous generation. In this context, we propose a cost-risk model that can properly plan generation and determine efficient technology portfolios through balancing the benefits of energy source diversification and cost of security of supply through the provision of various generation frequency control and demand side services, including preservation of system inertia levels. We do so through a scenario-based cost minimization framework where the conditional value at risk (CVaR), associated with costs under extreme scenarios of fossil fuel prices combined with hydrological inflows, is constrained. The model can tackle problems with large data sets (e.g. 8760 hours and 1000 scenarios) since we use linear programming and propose a Benders-based method adapted to deal with CVaR constraints in the master problem. Through several analyses, including the Chilean main electricity system, we demonstrate the effects of renewables on hedging both fossil fuel and hydrological risks; effects of security of supply on costs, risks and renewable investment; and the importance of demand side services in limiting risk exposure of generation portfolios through-encouraging risk mitigating renewable generation investment. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Facilitating the Integration of Renewables in Latin America: The Role of Hydropower Generation and Other Energy Storage Technologies
    (2017) Moreno, Rodrigo; Ferreira, Rafael; Barroso, Luiz; Rudnick Van de Wyngard, Henry; Pereira, Eduardo
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Identifying Optimal Portfolios of Resilient Network Investments Against Natural Hazards, With Applications to Earthquakes
    (IEEE, 2020) Lagos, Tomás; Moreno, Rodrigo; Navarro Espinosa, Alejandro Andrés; Panteli, Mathaios; Sacaan, Rafael; Ordonez, Fernando; Rudnick van de Wyngard, Hugh; Mancarella, Pierluigi
    Although extreme natural disasters have occurred all over the world throughout history, power systems planners do not usually recognize them within network investment methodologies. Moreover, planners had historically focused on reliability approaches based on average (rather than risk) performance indicators, undermining the effects of high impact and low probability events on investment decisions. To move towards a resilience centred approach, we propose a practical framework that can be used to identify network investments that offer the highest level of hedge against risks caused by natural hazards. In a first level, our framework proposes network enhancements and, in a second level, uses a simulation to evaluate the resilience level improvements associated with the network investment propositions. The simulator includes 4 phases: threat characterization, vulnerability of systems components, system response, and system restoration, which are simulated in a sequential Monte Carlo fashion. We use this modeling framework to find optimal portfolio solutions for resilient network enhancements. Through several case studies with applications to earthquakes, we distinguish the fundamental differences between reliability- and resilience-driven enhancements, and demonstrate the advantages of combining transmission investments with installation of backup distributed generation.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Impacts of Renewable Generation Expansion on Electricity Networks and the Environment: The Advantages of Solar Power Generation Expansions in Chile
    (2019) Matamala, Carlos; Moreno, Rodrigo; Sauma Santis, Enzo Enrique; Calabrese Fernández, Jazmine Daniella; Osses Mc Intyre Pablo Eugenio
    Nowadays, an important increment in the integration of renewable generation to the energy matrix has been established to decarbonize the power sector. However, as renewables are generally located far from load centers, market participants (generators), planning authorities, and network companies are facing an enormous challenge in coordinating their investments in order to get economic benefits. Nevertheless, the expansion of the system presents various environmental and social conflicts, in particular, with land uses that are valuable by society such as the presence of communities, national parks, protected forests, tourism zones, archaeological sites, etc. In this context, this work proposes a two-stage S-MILP model to co-optimize investment decisions in both generation (conventional and renewable plants) and the power transmission network in a cost-minimization framework, considering socio-environmental costs associated with new capacity installations located where land currently presents further valuable uses. Our modeled long-term market equilibrium shows that the solar generation is the most attractive alternative when we do consider these socio-environmental externalities given its location in less conflictive areas.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Improving power system reliability through optimization via simulation
    (IEEE, 2017) Sacaan, Rafael; Rudnick Van de Wyngard, Hugh; Lagos, Tomás; Ordóñez, Fernando; Navarro Espinosa, Alejandro; Moreno, Rodrigo
    Due to the stochastic nature of equipment failures, the accurate assessment of power system reliability is a complex task. Consequently, the optimal selection of new network infrastructure to improve reliability is even harder. In this paper, an optimization via simulation approach is proposed to find the optimal set of network assets to improve system reliability. Particularly, an Industrial Strength COMPASS algorithm is implemented to find the optimal set of new transmission lines that maximizes system reliability subject to a budget constraint. This algorithm iteratively proposes, in a first stage, a set of new transmission lines that are then tested, in a second stage, via simulation of the system operation, including impact of various network failures. In the second stage, the sequence day-ahead unit commitment plus real-time operation is modeled along with a sequential Monte Carlo simulation to determine highly detailed system operation under network outages and thus calculate the associated expected energy not supplied.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Rat and hamster species differences in susceptibility to elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema relate to differences in elastase inhibitory capacity
    (AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC, 2007) Borzone, Gisella; Liberona, Leonel; Olmos, Pablo; Saez, Claudia; Meneses, Manuel; Reyes, Tatiana; Moreno, Rodrigo; Lisboa, Carmen
    Syrian Golden hamsters develop severe emphysema after a single intratracheal dose of elastase, whereas Sprague- Dawley rats exhibit mild emphysema with the same dose per kilogram body weight. We hypothesized that the development of severe emphysema is prevented in rats by the high serum level of alpha 1- antitrypsin reported in rats, compared with hamsters, which provides for a high lung elastase inhibitory capacity ( EIC). To explore this possibility, we challenged the antiprotease system of the rats by treating them with three similar weekly doses of elastase. Four months after treatment, we evaluated changes in histology, volume, and elastic properties of rat lungs and compared them with those of hamsters receiving a single dose of elastase. We also measured serum alpha 1- antitrypsin levels and serum and lung EIC in control rats and hamsters. Results showed that, in association with 40% less serum and lung EIC compared with rats ( P < 0.001), hamster lungs had upperlobe bullae formation, severe microscopic emphysema, a fourfold increase in lung volume ( P < 0.01) and a threefold increase in constant k, an index of compliance, of the lung deflation pressurevolume curve ( P < 0.01). In contrast, rats developed mild emphysema, with only 50% increase in volume ( P < 0.05) and 60% increase in constant k ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, two species that differ in serum and lung EIC exhibit significant differences in emphysema development after elastase. Rats with high EIC, despite receiving three doses of elastase, showed significantly less derangement of morphological and physiological parameters than hamsters with low EIC receiving a single dose.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Seismic resilience assessment and adaptation of the Northern Chilean power system
    (IEEE, 2017) Espinoza Lara, Sebastián Andres; Poulos Campbell, Alan John; Rudnick Van de Wyngard, Hugh; Llera Martin, Juan Carlos de la; Panteli, Mathaios; Mancarella, Pierluigi; Sacaan, Rafael; Navarro, Alejandro; Moreno, Rodrigo
    Even though the concept of resilience is becoming widely used in electric power systems, there is no consensus on how to systematically model or quantify it. This article begins by proposing a classification for different types of system risk analyses, associating them to the concept of power systems resilience. Thereafter, it describes and applies a resilience assessment and adaptation framework to the Northern Chilean electric power system in the context of its exposure to seismic events. This time-dependent analysis is evaluated throughout the disaster's impact and the network's operation and restoration timeframes with two indices: Energy not Supplied and Energy Index of Unreliability. Finally, the article compares a base case with three resilience adaptation strategies, namely, robust, redundant and responsive cases, in terms of their expected energy annual loss and the return period of different levels of network performance.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The diverse impacts of COVID-19 on electricity demand: The case of Chile
    (2022) Sanchez-Lopez, Miguel; Moreno, Rodrigo; Alvarado, Diego; Suazo-Martinez, Carlos; Negrete-Pincetic, Matias; Olivares, Daniel; Sepulveda, Carlos; Otarola, Hector; Basso, Leonardo J.
    This paper analyzes the impacts of the first wave of COVID-19 (March 2020 -September 2020) on the electricity demand of different types of consumers in Chile, including residential, commercial, and industrial demand. We leverage data from 230 thousand smart meters of residential and commercial consumers in 32 communes of Santiago (the capital city of Chile), which allows us to investigate the evolution of their demands with an hourly temporal resolution. Additionally, we use demand data of large industrial consumers provided by the Chilean system operator to study the impact of the pandemic on different economic sectors. This paper demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic, and the associated containment measures, have featured a drastically different impact on the various types of consumers in Chile. In particular, we show that the demand of residential consumers has increased throughout the first wave, even when we isolate the effects of the pandemic from those related to weather. Furthermore, we study how these effects change in different communes of Santiago, contrasting our findings with the socio-economic levels of the population. In effect, we find different demand response patterns depending on the socio-economic background of consumers. We also show that commercial demand has significantly declined due to the containment measures implemented and that the hospitality and construction economic sectors have been the most affected in the country.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Why reducing socio-environmental externalities of electricity system expansions can boost the development of solar power generation: The case of Chile
    (2021) Matamala, Carlos; Moreno, Rodrigo; Sauma, Enzo; Calabrese, Jazmine; Osses, Pablo
    In recent years, the transition towards low-carbon electricity systems has increased the development of renewable generation and, in turn, of transmission infrastructure. Importantly, developing low-carbon technologies (that are generally located far from load centers) and their associated network infrastructure, may conflict with land uses that are valuable by society (e.g. the presence of national parks, indigenous development, touristic zones, etc.). Appropriately addressing this conflict is key for policy makers and regulators to foster an effective, sustainable, and socially acceptable system expansion. In this context, this work analyzes the effects of accounting for these land-use, socio-environmental externalities on the expansion of the entire power system. For a more effective mitigation of system expansion impacts on land uses, we propose to coordinate the needed investments among the various market participants such as generation developers and network planners. To assess this proposal, we develop a two-stage stochastic program that determines the future generation and network expansions considering both (i) a balance between monetary/investment costs and their corresponding socio-environmental externality costs (derived from the land-use impacts of new electricity investments), and (ii) different levels of coordination among market participants. Hence, we can assess the benefits of various coordination strategies against the actual approach to system expansions with no coordination among developers. By running various case studies based on the Chilean electricity system by 2030, we show that recognition of socioenvironmental externalities at the moment of deciding system expansions can have a significant impact on the location of future infrastructure and, remarkably, on the entire mix of new generation projects. Particularly, we found an increase in bulk, transmission-connected solar power generation capacity by circa 25% when land-use externalities are considered in the system expansion problem. This is so because bulk solar power generation projects tend to present less socio-environmental impacts (since the solar power potential is generally higher in deserts and arid regions, away from populated areas) and, up to a certain extent, have the ability to displace the need for other generation technologies, particularly hydropower, located in areas with significantly conflicting land uses. We also demonstrated the benefits of investment coordination in supporting both an increased penetration of solar power generation, and an economically effective and sustainable development of a low carbon power system in Chile.