Browsing by Author "Montecinos, Mauricio"

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    Droughts in Chile: Impacts, Monitoring, and Adaptation (Management) Policies
    (Springer, 2025) Rivera Bravo, Daniela Pilar; Donoso H., Guillermo; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Núñez Grahmann, Marialina I.; Morandé, Felipe G.; Meza, Francisco Javier; Fernández, Francisco J.; Vásquez-Lavín, Felipe; Díaz, José A.; Montecinos, Mauricio; Rivera, Daniela; Donoso, Guillermo
    The case of Chile is illustrative of a transition from command and control to market-based management policies, where economic incentives play a significant role in water management. This book deals with drought policy in Chile and other countries. It offers a detailed examination of drought management and policies. It describes, analyzes and evaluates the performance of drought policies, laws and institutions, identifies the main challenges that Chile faces and derives lessons learnt. Expert contributors discuss such topics as Chile’s drought water policy, and the reasoning which explains present challenges.
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    Impacts of Droughts on Water Quality: Processes and Monitoring
    (Springer, Cham, 2025) Díaz, José A.; Montecinos, Mauricio; Vega, Alejandra; Gironás León, Jorge Alfredo; Molinos, María; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo
    Water uses may be threatened by hydrochemical shifts that are triggered by droughts. Reduced rainfall, streamflow, and temperature fluctuations may induce distinct changes in salinity, suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, organic matter, nutrient cycling, pH, stratification, and hydraulic residence times. The extent of these variations is determined by the drought stage, location and altitude within the watershed, and land use. The processes leading to these changes are described and the implications for water quality monitoring and socioeconomic impacts in Chilean Andean watersheds are discussed. A coordinated monitoring approach is needed to further reveal the intricate nexus between changing climatic patterns, drought events, and the ensuing consequences for water quality within Chilean Andean watersheds.
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    Response of suspended sediment particle size distributions to changes in water chemistry at an Andean mountain stream confluence receiving arsenic rich acid drainage
    (2017) Abarca, María; Guerra, Paula; Arce, Guillermo; Montecinos, Mauricio; Escauriaza Mesa, Cristián Rodrigo; Coquery, Marina; Pastén González, Pablo Arturo; CEDEUS (Chile)
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    Settling of copper-rich suspended particles from acid drainage neutralization as a function of chemical composition and particle size distribution
    (2022) Montecinos, Mauricio; Briso, Alejandro; Vega, Alejandra; Pasten Gonzalez, Pablo Arturo; CEDEUS (Chile)
    The attenuation of total and dissolved metals from acid drainage (AD) results from the interaction of physical andchemical processes occurring during and after AD neutralization in impacted rivers. Chemical removal occurswhen dissolved metals are transferred into fine particles or flocs, while physical removal occurs when metal-richsuspended particles are deposited from the water column onto the riverbed. Most works studying metal atten-uation in rivers focus on characterizing chemical and physical removal processes separately, yet these processesoften interact and take place concurrently. The fate of copper (Cu) in particle suspensions formed from partialneutralization of AD was studied using a settling column coupled to a device that measured particles size dis-tribution in situ, with minimal floc disruption. Chemical composition, particles size distribution, and total sus-pended solids (TSS) were measured as particles settled. The physical removal of freshly formed particles wasenhanced by aluminum (Al), promoting the formation of larger particles and higher rates of TSS removal.However, Fe promoted higher partition of Cu onto particles, controlling its chemical removal. While the rate ofCu association to particles increased over time, TSS settled out from solution within the initial hour, regardless ofthe chemical composition within the range of tested conditions. Therefore, different remediation strategies maybe applied depending on the goal for removal (e.g., removal of TSS, removal of Cu) and water composition. Thesestrategies must consider chemical conditions (i.e., pH and concentrations of Al and Fe), settling times, and mixingconditions during particles formation for an optimal removal.