Browsing by Author "Molina V."

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    Multicriteria optimal design of emamectin benzoate microparticles obtained by spray drying and ionic gelation
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Molina V.; Franco W.; Perez-Correa J.R.; Benavides S.; Troncoso J.M.; Robert P.; Luna R.; von Plessing C.
    © 2022 Elsevier B.V.Emamectin benzoate (EB) is an antiparasitic used to control Caligus rogercresseyi in Chile. However, it has lost efficacy, and the parasite has been exposed to a sublethal dose. Microencapsulation has been suggested as an alternative method to protect and control the release of poorly absorbed drugs to ensure their lethal doses. Accordingly, design of experiments (DOE) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to find optimal conditions for EB's ionic gelation (IG) and spray drying (SD) microencapsulation. We used multiobjective (MOO) and multi-response optimization techniques as the desirability function (DFA) to obtain optimal conditions that produce microparticles that satisfy several criteria, such as low gastric digestion (GD) and high yield (Y), encapsulation efficiency (EE), load capacity (LC), and intestinal digestion (ID). The optimization process prioritized the digestion responses and was constrained according to a mass balance. MOO generated theoretical solutions that were better than any of the DOE experimental solutions. Both optimization methods achieved a more balanced performance than the responses obtained in the experimental design. Each optimization method produced better experimental responses than the other in some responses. In SD, DFA yielded higher LC, GD, and ID than MOO by 7.5%, 9.3%, and 2.1%, respectively. In contrast, MOO obtained higher Y and EE than DFA by 6.2% and 10.1%, respectively. In IG, the DFA method yielded a solution with better responses than MOO in LC (3.7%), GD (7.4%), and ID (3.2%), while the MOO solution was better in Y (14.2%) and EE (19.3%). Both multicriteria optimization techniques were suitable for obtaining optimal solutions; however, neither proved superior in all cases.
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    Peri-ictal electrocardiographic alterations in paediatric epilepsy patients. A prospective studyAlteraciones electrocardiográficas periictales en pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia. Un estudio prospectivo
    (Academic Press, 2021) Ramírez K.; Mesa T.; Acevedo K.; Frangini P.; Molina V.
    © 2021 Revista de Neurologia. All rights reserved.Introduction. Epileptic seizures can be associated with peri-ictal heart rhythm disorders and even sudden death (SUDEP). Few paediatric studies have been conducted on the subject. Aim. To determine heart rhythm disorders in paediatric patients with epilepsy who were studied with videoelectroencephalogram (video-EEG). Methods. Prospective, observational study in patients under 18 years of age admitted for video-EEG at the Hospital Clínico Red de Salud UC-Christus, Santiago, Chile. A neurological and cardiological evaluation and electrocardiogram (ECG) were performed, in addition to a Holter ECG simultaneously with the video-EEG. Results. Twenty-five patients were studied, 12 with refractory epilepsies, 23/25 focal and 20 on polytherapy. Altogether 768 hours of video-EEG were recorded, including 281 seizures in 15 patients: 157 clinical and 103 generalised. There were no serious arrhythmias, only non-specific or probably benign disorders, mainly incomplete right bundle branch block in 11 patients, which were more frequent in refractory epilepsies (p<0.036). Heart rate variation occurred mainly in seizures >30 seconds. No patient presented SUDEP. Conclusions. This is the first prospective study, with a new technique, using video-EEG and Holter ECG simultaneously in paediatrics. Despite the high number of seizures and refractory patients, we found no serious heart rhythm disorders, consistent with the clinical evaluation. Right bundle branch block is considered a non-pathological cardiological finding, but was highly prevalent in our sample compared to the normal population, especially in refractory epilepsy. Given that this is a serious event in epilepsy, it is important to further investigate such studies to assess preventive measures.