Browsing by Author "Miranda, Daniel"

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    Can group-based strategies increase community resilience? Longitudinal predictors of sustained participation in Covid-19 mutual aid and community support groups
    (2023) Perach, Rotem; Fernandes-Jesus, Maria; Miranda, Daniel; Mao, Guanlan; Ntontis, Evangelos; Cocking, Chris; McTague, Michael; Semlyen, Joanna; Drury, John
    Mutual aid groups have been a critical part of the coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19) response and continue to address the needs of people in their communities. To understand how mutual aid and similar community support groups can be sustained over time, we test the idea that using group-based strategies initiates psychological trajectories that shape future participation. We conducted a preregistered longitudinal survey among Covid-19 mutual aid and community support volunteers in the United Kingdom (n(Wave 1) = 600, May 2021; n(Wave 2) = 299, July-August 2021) who were registered panelists of an independent research organization. Assessments included measures of group-based strategies, collective participation predictors, participation experience, and sustained participation. Volunteers engaged in a wide range of support activities including shopping, emotional support provision, and deliveries. Two group-based strategies-group alliances and group horizontality-longitudinally predicted sustained participation. In addition, sense of community responsibility and burnout were longitudinal predictors of sustained participation. Importantly, predictors of sustained participation diverged for volunteers with different levels of volunteering experience. Our findings highlight group-based strategies as a potential resource for organizers seeking to sustain participation. Use can be tailored depending on the profiles of individual Covid-19 mutual aid volunteers. These findings have significance beyond Covid-19 as they are relevant to sustaining community resilience more generally.
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    Educación, equidad y creencias distributivas: Evidencias del caso chileno
    (2013) Castillo Valenzuela, Juan Carlos; Madero Cabib, Ignacio; Miranda, Daniel
    Durante el año 2011, Chile fue lugar de una serie de manifestaciones estudiantiles que demandabanmayor equidad en el acceso a la educación superior. La alta aprobación ciudadana de estas demandas (llegando a un 89%) parece sugerir la existencia de un gran consenso acerca de la debilidad delmodelo educacional que existe en Chile, el que no cumpliría los tradicionales ideales de meritocraciay movilidad social que fundan los sistemas educativos en sociedades modernas. En este contexto,una pregunta que permanece abierta es en qué medida estas demandas por un sistema educacionalmás equitativo están principalmente influidas por ideales de equidad distributiva, o si más bien ellasresponden a diferentes motivos racionales asociadas a condiciones socio-económicas de los individuos. Utilizando datos del módulo de inequidad social del International Social Survey Program(ISSP) de 2009, esta investigación analiza percepciones y creencias distributivas respecto al sistemaeducativo así como el modo en que ellas están influidas por variables educacionales y de ingreso,usando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados revelan la presencia de diferenciassocioeconómicas en relación a la justicia del sistema educativo, cuestionando el supuesto de unconsenso normativo.
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    Political socialization and legitimation of radical actions in adolescents: evidence from Chile
    (2022) Sanchez-Barria, Felipe; Miranda, Daniel
    Can exposure to mass events with the presence of radical actions influence the legitimation of this type of protest in adolescents? How are changes in legitimation levels conditioned by socioeconomic status or by political socialization at home and school? To answer these questions, we used a sample of 1,203 students in their second year of secondary school in Chile who were surveyed as part of the School Citizenship Panel (Panel de Ciudadania Escolar, PACES). In the middle of fieldwork in this study, the event known as the estallido social ('social outburst') stood out for its mass and presence of violence. We compare the students surveyed before and after this event. Contrary to our expectations, the students had similar levels of legitimation of radical actions before and after the estallido. We also found a trend towards moderation in students with a higher socioeconomic status, who had more frequent political conversations with their parents, and in students from schools that conduct civic education activities. In short, experiences of family and school political socialization can help lower an adolescent's support of radical actions in radicalized contexts.
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    Social cohesion and attitudinal changes toward migration: A longitudinal perspective amid the COVID-19 pandemic
    (2023) Castillo, Juan Carlos; Bonhomme, Macarena; Miranda, Daniel; Iturra, Julio
    The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted social interactions and coexistence around the globe in dimensions that go far beyond health issues. In the case of the Global South, the pandemic has developed along with growing South-South migratory movements, becoming another key factor that might reinforce social conflict in increasingly multicultural areas as migrants have historically served as "scapegoats" for unexpected crises as a way to control and manage diversity. Chile is one of the main destination countries for migrants from the Latin American and Caribbean region, and COVID-19 outbreaks in migrant housing have intensified discrimination. In such a context, there is a need for understanding how the pandemic has potentially changed the way non-migrants perceive and interact with migrant neighbors. Drawing on the national social cohesion panel survey study ELSOC (2016-2021, N = 2,927) the aim is to analyze the changes in non-migrants' attitudes toward migrants-related to dimensions of social cohesion-over the last years and their relation with individual status and territorial factors. We argue that social cohesion in increasingly multicultural societies is partially threatened in times of crisis. The results indicate that after the pandemic, convivial attitudes toward Latin American migrants decreased. Chileans started perceiving them more negatively, particularly those respondents with lower educational levels and who live in increasingly multicultural neighborhoods with higher rates of migrant residents.
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    The role of classroom discussion
    (2018) Carrasco Ogaz, Diego Alonso; Torres Irribarra, David; Sandoval-Hernández, Andrés; Isac, Maria Magdalena; Miranda, Daniel
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    When nonactivists care: Group efficacy mediates the effect of social identification and perceived instability on the legitimacy of collective action
    (2019) Jimenez-Moya, Gloria; Miranda, Daniel; Drury, John; Saavedra, Patricio; Gonzalez, Roberto
    In recent years, multiple social movements have emerged around the world. In addition, public surveys indicate the highest recorded levels of support for protest. In this context of acceptance of collective action, we examine the role of nonactivists in the perceived legitimacy of social movements, as this "passive" support can contribute to social change. Given that antecedents of legitimacy have been neglected in the literature, we carried out a survey (N = 605) among a general sample of the population in Chile to shed light on this issue. We found that social identification with movements and perceived instability predicted the perceived legitimacy of protests by social movements, and that both variables had only indirect effects through group efficacy. This suggests that perceiving social movements as able to achieve success can lead nonactivists to perceive their actions as legitimate, highlighting the importance to movements of being seen to be effective.