Browsing by Author "Mellado R."

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    Oxidative stress and inflammation in heart failure: Mechanisms of damage and therapeutic alternativesEstrés oxidativo e inflamación en insuficiencia cardiaca: Mecanismos de daño y alternativas terapéuticas
    (2007) Miranda H R.; Castro G P.; Verdejo P H.; Chiong M.; Díaz-Araya G.; Mellado R.; Rojas D.; Lavandero S.; Concepción R.; Castro G P.; Lavandero S.
    Despite advances in treatment, chronic heart failure still is associated with a poor prognosis and remains a leading cause of cardiovascular death. Cumulating evidence suggests that imbalances in redox state lead to a higher generation of reactive oxygen species. This phenomenon, along with pro-inflammatory cytokine activation and extra cellular matrix alterations with reactive fibrosis, play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of heart failure, through the development of endothelial and myocardial dysfunction. The understanding of the underlying phenomena and the metabolic pathways involved will allow further development of therapies aiming to change the natural history of heart failure.
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    Risk factors for adverse drug reactions in patients admitted to intensive care unitsDeterminación de factores de riesgo a reacciones adversas a medicamentos mediante farmacovigilancia intensiva en UCI
    (HUMANA PRESS INC, 2021) Obreque K.; Mellado R.; Andresen M.
    © 2021 Sociedad Medica de Santiago. All rights reserved.Background: Patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) are at higher risk of having adverse drug reactions (ADR). Aim: To determine risk factors for ADR, through intensive pharmacological surveillance at the ICU. Patients and Methods: An observational, descriptive and prospective study was made, determining risk parameters in patients who experienced ADR. Results: Eighty-five patients were surveilled and 24 (28%) had an ADR. A total of 48 drugs responsible for at least one ADR were identified. Seventy-three percent ADR were moderate and 27% were severe. The clinical variables significantly associated with ADR were a history of allergies, a high body mass index, the reason for admission, an APACHE II score ≥ 14 points, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and more than seven days of hospitalization. The pharmacological variables associated with ADR were polypharmacy and medication associations and combinations. Conclusions: The identified risk factors have a great impact on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, and should be considered to avoid the appearance of ADR.