Browsing by Author "Meier, Claudio"

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    Characterizing and comparing surface and free-air atmosphere temperature profiles in an Andean sub-tropical mountain catchment
    (2026) Ibañez Reyes, María De Los Ángeles; Gironas León, Jorge Alfredo; Garreaud, René; Muñoz, Ricardo; Oberli Graf, Christian Robert; Chadwick, Cristián; Meier, Claudio
    Scarce but crucial for hydrological analysis and modelling, near-surface air temperatures (SAT) in mountainous regions are often assumed to match free-air temperature (FAT), despite inherent discrepancies. This study characterizes sub-tropical Andean SAT profiles and compares them with FAT using 3 years of 10 min resolution temperature data from a dense meteorological network located within an Andean Mountain catchment, alongside nearby aircraft operations and radiosonde ascents. Results reveal diurnal and seasonal cycles in the near-surface air temperature lapse rate (STLR) and surface-derived 0°C isotherm altitude (H0MS), with marked contrasts between wet and dry conditions. Under wet conditions, FAT and SAT profiles converge, while under dry conditions, aircraft-FAT lapse rates are gentler than STLR, and the derived H0MS is lower than aircraft-FAT estimates during the cold season. Radiosonde-H0 simultaneously estimated aligns with H0MS, but measurements before precipitation events differ by an average of ~20%.
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    The need for a hydromorphological approach to Chilean river management
    (SOC BIOLGIA CHILE, 2012) Andreoli, Andrea; Mao, Luca; Iroume, Andres; Arumi, Jose L.; Nardini, Andrea; Pizarro, Roberto; Caamano, Diego; Meier, Claudio; Link, Oscar
    The manuscript reflects the opinion of the authors about the need for a hydromorphological approach for the management of Chilean rivers. A brief state-of-the-art of the recent scientific advances on hydromorphological approach to river management is presented, as well as a general overview of the conditions of Chilean rivers and the mayor disturbances they suffer. Moreover, the need to take into account both direct and indirect services provided by rivers in the decision making process on river management is underlined. Hydromorphology is claimed to be a main element to be considered while assessing the ecological state of rivers. Understanding how the hydrological and morphological variables interact dynamically is indeed key to assess the presence or absence of dynamic equilibrium, a condition that, in turn, promotes both habitat diversity and self-sustainable aquatic and riparian ecosystems. The authors also emphasized the need for a change of paradigm in current Chilean rivers management practices, by developing a unified framework to assess hydromorphological and ecological river conditions. In addition, the implementation of specific legislation aimed at promoting ecological and geomorphological standards in river management practice, and the strengthening and widening of the academic teaching of fluvial ecology and geomorphology is suggested.